Test Chapter 6 Flashcards
During bone removal, as one osteon forms through the activity of osteoblasts, another is destroyed by
Osteoclasts
The process of remodeling in bone involves the
Removal and replacement of the mineral components of bone
An important and essential way to maintain bone strength and bone mass is to
Apply stress to bones during exercise
Bones will usually heal after they have been severely damaged so long as the cellular components of the end osteon and periosteum survive and there is a
Blood supply
As a normal part of the aging process, bones becomes thinner and relatively weaker, resulting from a type of inadequate ossification called_____________
Osteopenia
Of the following selections, the one that describes a homeostatic mechanism of the skeleton is
As one osteon forms through the activity of osteoblasts, another is destroyed by osteoclasts
The most abundant mineral in the human body , 99% of which is deposited in the skeleton, is
Calcium
Bones not subjected to ordinary stresses become
Thin and brittle
The condition that produces a reduction in bone mass great enough to compromise normal function is called___________
Osteoporosis
In women, bone mass can be maintained at adequate levels to prevent bone fragility, weakening, and thinning by
Estrogen therapies, dietary changes that elevate blood calcium levels, and exercise that stresses bones and stimulates osteoblast activity
The axial skeleton provides an extensive surface area for the attachment of muscles that
Stabilize or position elements of the appendicular skeleton, perform respiratory movements, and adjust the positions of the head, neck, and trunk
The one that includes bones found exclusively in the axial skeleton is
Skull, vertebrae, ribs, sternum, hyoid
The axial skeleton creates a framework that supports and protects organ systems in the
Dorsal and ventral body cavities
The bones that make up the appendicular division of the skeleton consists of the
Pectoral and pelvic girdles, and the upper and lower limbs
One of the major functional differences between the appendicular and axial divisions is that the appendicular division
Makes you an active, mobile individual
The bones of the skeleton provide an extensive surface area for the attachment of _________
Muscle
The appendicular skeleton includes the bones of the pectoral and pelvic girdles and the ____________
Limbs
The functions of the skeletal system include
Structural support and storage for calcium and lipids, blood cell production, and protection and leverage
Storage of lipids that represent an important energy reserve in bone occurs in areas of
Yellow marrow
Of the five major functions of the skeleton, the two that depend on the dynamic nature of bone are
Support and storage of minerals
The support tissues in the body consist of
Bone and cartilage
One of the basic histological differences between compact and spongy bone is that in compact bone
The basic functional unit is the osteon/haversian system
Compact bone is usually found where
Stresses arrive from a limited range of directions
Spongy bone, unlike compact bone, resemble a network of bony struts separated by spaces that are normally filled with
Bone marrow
