Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Exam > Flashcards

Exam Flashcards

0
Q

Anatomy is the study of the ________ of the body

A

Structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

List the levels of organization in order from least complex to the most complex

A

Chemical-cellular-tissue-organ-organ system-organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Physiology is the study of the ________ of the body

A

Function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Produces sex cells and supports embryonic development

A

Female reproductive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Deliver air to sites where gas exchange can occur

A

Respiratory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Allows for locomotion, provides support, and produces heat

A

Muscular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Protects against environmental hazards and controls temperature

A

Integumentary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Provides support, protects tissues and organs, stores minerals, forms blood cells

A

Skeletal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Produce sex cells, and hormones including testosterone

A

Male reproductive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Processes food and absorbs nutrients

A

Digestive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Eliminates wastes, excess water, and salts

A

Urinary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Directs immediate responses to stimuli

A

Nervous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Transports blood cells and dissolved minerals, including wastes and gases

A

Cardiovascular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Defends against infection and disease

A

Lymphatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Directs long term changes in activities of other organs, produces hormones

A

Endocrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In which body cavity encases the lungs and the heart

A

Thoracic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The process by which an organism increases in size and or number of cells

A

Growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Pericardium refers to an area that includes the

A

Heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Histology is the study of

A

Tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When an individual is laying face down he/she is said to be

A

Prone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Pathology studies the effect of _________ on the body

A

Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The prefix homeo refers to

A

Unchanging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

When your dog barks at a stranger that is

A

Responsiveness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The lungs are apart of which system

A

Respiratory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The spleen is apart of which system

A

Lymphatic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The chemical breakdown of glucose

A

Physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The 4 lobes of the lungs

A

Anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The atomic number represents the number of

A

Protons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

The 3 subatomic particles in the atom are

A

Protons,neutrons,and electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

A chemical _______ is a substance that consists entirely of atoms with the same atomic number

A

Element

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

The smallest unit of matter whose identities can’t be altered by chemical change are

A

Atoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Ions with a positive charge are called

A

Cations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

In which electron shell does binding occur

A

Valence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

In order for an atom to be balanced it must fulfill the _______ rule

A

Octet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Oxygen has _________ electrons in its outer shell and carries a _______ charge

A

6,2+

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

The attraction of cations to anions can lead to the formation of a

A

Ionic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

The symbol Na+ refers to

A

1 sodium has lost an electron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

The symbol 2H means

A

2 atoms of H

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

A decomposition reaction is one in which

A

1 molecule is broken into smaller components

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Which of the following is a synthesis reaction

A

A+B=AB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Special proteins called enzymes

A

Speed up reactions that support life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Exergonic reactions are responsible for

A

Generating heat that maintains your body temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Organic compounds differ from inorganic compounds because organic contain ________ and ________ atoms

A

Carbon and hydrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Which of the following statements about water is not true

A

Water has a low heat capacity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

The most important inorganic compound found in your body is

A

Water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

A homogeneous mixture containing a solvent and a solute is called a

A

Solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

A solution with a ph below 7 is a

A

Acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

The human blood must maintain a ph of _________ to maintain homeostasis

A

7.35-7.45

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Which substance would be the most basic

A

Urine with a ph of 6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

A solute that dissociates to release hydrogen ions and causes a decrease in ph is

A

Acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Inorganic compounds are important in the functions of

A

The heart, muscle contractions, and nerve impulses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Inorganic compounds whose ions conduct electric current in a solution is called a

A

Electrolyte

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Carbohydrates are important because they provide _______ for the body

A

Energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

The most important monosaccharides that provides fuel for the body is

A

Glucose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

The body stores glucose in the liver and muscles in the form of

A

Glycogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Butter, fatty meat,and ice cream are examples of _______ fats

A

Saturated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Proteins consist of long chains of small molecules called

A

Amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

Amino acids are held together by _________ bonds

A

Peptide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

Proteins differ from carbohydrates because they contain ________

A

Nitrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Nucleic acids differ from proteins because they contain

A

Phosphorus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

Molecules that store and process genetic information are

A

Nucleic acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

DNA is structurally different from RNA because DNA contains a _______ helix

A

Double

62
Q

The most important high energy compound in cells is

A

ATP

63
Q

The 3 basic components of a nucleotide are

A

Sugar, phosphate group, nitrogenous base

64
Q

ATP

A

High energy compound

65
Q

Amino acid

A

Protein

66
Q

Cholesterol

A

Lipid

67
Q

DNA

A

Nucleic acid

68
Q

Glucose

A

Carbohydrate

69
Q

RNA

A

Nucleic acid

70
Q

Glycogen

A

Carbohydrate

71
Q

Fatty acid

A

Lipid

72
Q

Cytosine

A

Nucleic acid

73
Q

Polysaccharide

A

Carbohydrate

74
Q

Phospholipids

A

Lipid

75
Q

Monosaccharides

A

Carbohydrate

76
Q

Nucleotide

A

Nucleic acid

77
Q

Cholesterol

A

Lipid

78
Q

Thymine

A

Nucleic acid

79
Q

The phosphate head of the phospholipid is

A

Hydrophilic

80
Q

The plasma membrane is

A

Composed of a bi layer of lipids

81
Q

The smallest living things are

A

Cells

82
Q

What is the function of the plasma membrane

A

Selectively permeable membrane

83
Q

The movement of water across a membrane from high to lower concentration is

A

Osmosis

84
Q

The process by which oxygen molecules move across the cell membrane is called

A

Diffusion

85
Q

In which type of solution would equilibrium exist

A

Isotonic

86
Q

A process that requires ATP energy to move a substance across the membrane is called

A

Active transport

87
Q

The control center for cellular operation is the

A

Nucleus

88
Q

During the process of mitosis chromatids separate during

A

Anaphase

89
Q

The sodium potassium pump ATP pump is an example of

A

Active transport

90
Q

ATP releases a _______ to provide the energy required for the ATP pump

A

Phosphate

91
Q

The movement of extra cellular material packaged in a vesicles for transport into the cell

A

Endocytosis

92
Q

This process makes the exterior of the cell more positive than the interior of the cell

A

Electrical potential

93
Q

Examples include receptors, channel carriers, enzymes, anchors and identifiers

A

Protein

94
Q

The ATP pump pumps 3 of these out of the cell

A

Sodium

95
Q

The ATP pump pumps 2 of these into the cell

A

Potassium

96
Q

Functions includes a cell lubricant and a receptor for extra cellular materials

A

Carbohydrate

97
Q

The movement of inter acellular material packaged in a vesicles for transport out of the cell

A

Exocytosis

98
Q

Functions include a selective physical barrier

A

Lipids

99
Q

Function include fluidity and to stabilize

A

Cholesterol

100
Q

Which of the following is a function of epithelia tissue

A

Control permeability

101
Q

Which of the following is a term used to describe the number of layers of epithelial cells

A

Stratified

102
Q

Which type of epithelial lines the intentional tract

A

Simple columnar

103
Q

Flattened cells on the surface of epithelial tissue are characteristic of

A

Squamous

104
Q

Which of the following is found in neural tissue

A

Axon, dendrite, and body

105
Q

Which of the following is a correct statement about stratified epithelia

A

They cover surfaces that are subjected to mechanical stresses

106
Q

The connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone is called

A

Tendons

107
Q

The muscle tissue without straitions is called

A

Smooth

108
Q

The muscle that contains intercalated disc sis called

A

Cardiac

109
Q

Epithelial tissue located on the surface of the skin is called

A

Stratified squamous

110
Q

Identify which of the following is fluid connective tissue

A

Lymph

111
Q

The top layer of the skin is called

A

Epidermis

112
Q

Name 4 shapes of the bone

A

Long, short, flat , irregular

113
Q

State the 5 functions of the skeleton system

A

Structural support, storage, blood cell production, movement

114
Q

Giant cell that contain acids and enzymes that release stored minerals in bone are called

A

Osteoclasts

115
Q

Mature bone cell are called

A

Osteocytes

116
Q

Ossification is the process that

A

Makes new bone cells

117
Q

How many bones are in the skeleton

A

206

118
Q

Solid bone contains

A

The basic unit called an osteon

119
Q

Requirements for bone growth include

A

Vitamins A,C,D3, and calcium

120
Q

Elevations and projections on the bone indicate

A

Places where tendons and ligaments attach

121
Q

The clavicle, scapula, upper and lower, limbs and the pelvic belong to the

A

Appendicular skeleton

122
Q

This is the most important mineral int he skeleton because it helps strengthen bones

A

Calcium

123
Q

Osteopenia is the

A

Inadequate ossification of bone

124
Q

The sacrum consists of ____ fused vertebrae

A

4

125
Q

The _______ vertebrae are the most massive because they bear the most weight

A

Lumbar

126
Q

The 1st seven ribs are called _____ and the last 5 ribs are called _____

A

True, false

127
Q

The ilium bones fuse with the sacrum at the _________

A

Sacroiliac joint

128
Q

This bone is the heaviest and the longest bone in the body

A

Femur

129
Q

Except for the first vertebrae the vertebrae are separated by cushioned pads called

A

Intervertebrae discs

130
Q

The shoulder and the hip are examples of _______ joints

A

Ball and socket

131
Q

The knee and the elbow are examples of _____ joints

A

Hinge

132
Q

The skull is an example of a _____ joint

A

Fixed

133
Q

Connective tissues and it’s location

A

Perimysium-surround Fascicle
epimysium- outer layer of muscle
endomysium- surround fiber

134
Q

Name the muscle layers in order from the largest to the smallest layer

A

Muscle, Fascicle, fiber, mayo fibrils,filaments

135
Q

The basic functional unit of a muscle is called a

A

Sarcomere

136
Q

Where would you expect to find the greatest amount of calcium in the muscle

A

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

137
Q

Blood vessels and nerves are found in what connective layer

A

Perimysium

138
Q

Thin filaments of the sarcomere consist of

A

Actin molecules

139
Q

Tendons are collagen fibers that at the end of a skeletal muscle that

A

Attach muscle to bone

140
Q

The functions of the layers of skeletal muscle that compromise the abdominal wall and the floor of the pelvic cavity is to

A

Support tissue

141
Q

Voluntary control over swallowing, de faction, and urination is provided by skeletal muscles that

A

Guard entrances and exits

142
Q

Skeletal muscle contract only under the control of the

A

Nervous system

143
Q

The connection between the nervous system and the muscular system is called a

A

Neuromuscular junction

144
Q

Skeletal muscle control is considered

A

Voluntary

145
Q

This chemical is released when the action potential in a nerve cell reaches the axon terminal

A

Acetylcholine

146
Q

The area between the axon terminal and the muscle is called the

A

Synaptic cleft

147
Q

What ion binds to the active site on the thin filament that initiates contraction

A

Calcium

148
Q

Once the active site is exposed during a contraction the _____ head binds to the thin filament forming a _____

A

Myosin, cross bridge

149
Q

The shortening of muscle fibers is called

A

Sliding filament theory

150
Q

What is the energy source needed for muscle contraction

A

ATP

151
Q

An intense burst of energy results in rising levels of _______ causing a decline in ____

A

Lactic acid, energy reserves

152
Q

Fibers that can reach peak tension very quickly after stimulation are called

A

Fast fibers

153
Q

Athletes who run marathons typically have many _____ in their muscles because they need sustained endurance

A

Slow fibers

Anatomy (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions