Test 5 Ch 17 Flashcards by Melissa Real

What is the correct conversion for the improper fraction ?
a. 7
b. 8
c. 7.79
d. 79.7

ANS: B
Divide the numerator by the denominator. The correct conversion for the improper fraction is 8.

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Which of the following fractions is the largest?
a. 3/4
b. 1/4
c. 1/2
d. 1/8

ANS: A
The smaller the denominator, the larger the fraction.

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Which of the following fractions is the smallest?
a. 1/8
b. 1/4
c. 1/2
d. 3/4

ANS: A
The larger the denominator, the smaller the fraction.

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What is the product of 1/2 x 3/4?
a. 3/8
b. 4/5
c. 2/3
d. 1/4

ANS: A
Multiply the numerators. Multiply the denominators. The first step when multiplying fractions is to multiply the two numerators. The second step is to multiply the two denominators. Finally, simplify the new fractions. The fractions can also be simplified before multiplying by factoring out common factors in the numerator and denominator.

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What is 3/8 divided by 1/4?
a. 1 1/2
b. 11/3
c. 13/4
d. 12/3

ANS: B
Write the problem down correctly, invert the second number, and multiply.
3/8 divided by = 3/8 x 4/1 = 12/8 = 3/2 or 11/3

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What is 2.34 + 0.77?
a. 0.01
b. 90.4
c. 2.417
d. 3.11

ANS: D
Align the decimal point of each decimal fraction in a column and add.

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What is 6.147 rounded to the nearest tenth?
a. 6.2
b. 6.15
c. 6.14
d. 6.1

ANS: D
A subsequent number that is 5 or larger can increase the previous number by one whole number. A subsequent number that is less than 5 will leave the number unchanged.

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What is 2.5 x 2?
a. 1.25
b. 5
c. 50
d. 22.5

ANS: B
When multiplying, decimal points do not have to be aligned. The decimal point in the answer is determined by the number of decimal points found to the right of the decimal point in the numbers multiplied.

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What is 4.5 divided by 3?
a. 0.75
b. 1.5
c. 5
d. 0.66

ANS: B
In the divisor, move the decimal point all the way to the right and move the decimal point in the dividend the same number of places as moved in the divisor.

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What is 0.9% expressed as a decimal? a. 9
b. 0.9
c. 0.09
d. 0.009

ANS: D
Remove the % and move the decimal point two places to the left.

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What is expressed as a percent?
a. 50%
b. 20%
c. 10%
d. 5%

ANS: B
Change a fraction to a percent by dividing the numerator by the denominator and multiplying by 100.

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Which is the same ratio as 2:100?
a. 1:50
b. 5:300
c. 1:20
d. 4:25

ANS: A
The value of a ratio is not changed if both sides are multiplied or divided by the same number.

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The medication order reads “Ibuprofen 600 mg PO tid.” The bottle is labeled “Ibuprofen 200 mg/tab.” How many tablets should the nurse administer?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 6

ANS: C
Desired dose over available dose times the unit. The unit is what the available dose is contained in.

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The health care provider has ordered furosemide 20 mg stat. The ampule is labeled 40 mg/mL. What dose should the nurse administer?
a. 0.8 mL
b. 0.5 mL
c. 2.0 mL
d. 8.0 mL

ANS: B
Desired dosage over the available dosage times the unit. The unit is what the available dosage is contained in.

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0.5 L is equal to how many mL?
a. 0.0005 mL
b. 0.05 mL
c. 50 mL
d. 500 mL

ANS: D
Big to small, move decimal point three places to the right.

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The average adult dose of Phenergan is 50 mg. Using the Young rule for a 10-year-old, what is the correct dosage for the child?
a. 23 mg
b. 25mg
c. 30mg
d. 35mg

ANS: A
[Age of the child over age of the child + 12] x the average adult dose = child’s dose.

A 35-lb child is to receive an IM medication. The average adult dose is 75 mg. Using the Clark rule, what dosage should the nurse administer?
a. 30.5 mg
b. 25.5 mg
c. 20.5 mg
d. 17.5 mg

ANS: D
[Weight of child in pounds ÷ 150] x average adult dose = child’s dose.

Tylenol gr V is ordered. The available tablet is 0.3 g. What dosage should the nurse administer?
a. 1 tablet
b. 1.5 tablets
c. tablet
d. 2 tablets

ANS: A
Gram to grain, multiply by 15. (0.3 x 15 = 4.5 grains).

Lanoxin 0.125 mg is to be given. The nurse converts the dose to how many grams?
a. 1.250 g
b. 1250 g
c. 0.000125 g
d. 0.00125 g

ANS: C
Small, arrow to big, move the decimal point three places in the direction the arrow points; move decimal three places to the left.

Atropine 0.4 mg is to be given. Ampule is labeled gr 1/150/mL. What dose should the nurse administer?
a. 1.5 mL
b. 0.25 mL
c. 0.5 mL
d. 1 mL

ANS: D
To convert mg to gr, divide by 60.

A 150-lb man is to receive a medication based on milligrams/kilograms. He is to receive 1 mg/kg. What dosage should the nurse administer?
a. 50mg
b. 68mg
c. 75mg
d. 80mg

ANS: B
2.2 lb equals 1 kg.

0.5 g of medication is ordered. The label reads 125 mg/mL. What is the correct dose to be administered?
a. 1 mL
b. 2 mL
c. 3 mL
d. 4 mL

ANS: D
Desired dose over available dose x the unit. Unit is what the available dose is contained in.

What is the main organ that inactivates and metabolizes drugs?
a. Spleen
b. Liver
c. Lungs
d. Pancreas

ANS: B
The liver is the main organ that inactivates and metabolizes drugs.

When giving a subcutaneous injection to a very thin patient, how does the nurse alter the injection technique?
a. Using a 23-gauge needle
b. Spreading the skin before injection
c. Pinching up the skin and inserting the needle at a 45-degree angle
d. Injecting the medicine quickly to reduce pain

ANS: C
The subcutaneous technique changes when injecting a thin patient. The selection of needles is the same (-in needle of 27 or 28 gauge), the site selection is the same, but the technique changes to pinch up the skin and inject at a 45-degree angle.

The nurse cautions a patient taking an anticoagulant that he should avoid taking aspirin because one drug may increase the action of the other drug. What is the correct term for this effect? a. Compatibility b. Antagonism c. Synergism d. Cooperation

ANS: C When one drug increases the action of another drug, it is called synergism.

When a patient comes into the emergency department with a narcotic overdose, the nurse anticipates that the patient will be treated with Narcan. What drug classification is Narcan? a. Enhancer b. Substitute c. Control d. Antagonist

ANS: D An antagonist is a drug that will block the action of another drug, such as Narcan with Demerol.

The nurse administered a sedative to an older adult who was having difficulty sleeping. Later, the patient was walking the halls and becoming agitated. What is this drug response known as? a. Expected b. Untoward c. Idiosyncratic d. Hypersensitive

ANS: C An unexpected response to a medication is termed idiosyncratic.

In some health care facilities, the LPN/LVN is allowed to take telephone orders from a health care provider. What is one precaution the nurse must take when receiving a verbal order? a. Write quickly. b. Repeat the order to the health care provider. c. Have another nurse listen on an extension. d. Sign and initial the health care provider’s name on the order.

ANS: B The nurse should always repeat the order to the health care provider. The nurse should write slowly to avoid making a mistake. It is not necessary to have another nurse listen to the verbal order. The nurse should not sign the health care provider’s name to the order.

The nurse who was going off shift had prepared the medications for the nurse who was going to relieve her to save the oncoming nurse time. What would be the correct action of the oncoming nurse? a. Give the medications when ordered. b. Recheck the medications. c. Never give medications another person has prepared. d. Identify each medication as it is given.

ANS: C The nurse should never give a medication that has been prepared by another person.

What important principle should be taken to prevent medication errors? a. Placing an unlabeled syringe on the medication cart b. Following the six rights of medication administration c. Leaving a medication with the patient only when family is there d. Always charting medications before the end of the shift

ANS: B Following the six rights ensures excellent drug administration practice. Unlabeled syringes should never be left on a medication cart. Medications should never be left in a patient’s room. Medications should be charted immediately after they are administered.

When the patient complains about his IV lines and asks if he can have the medication by mouth, what is the most appropriate response by the nurse? a. “Pills are difficult for many patients to swallow.” b. “Medication by mouth is absorbed more slowly than by any other route.” c. “It takes more time for the nurse to prepare and administer oral medications.” d. “It leads to more errors to give pills, because the pills all look alike.”

ANS: B Medications that enter the GI tract are absorbed more slowly than by any other route. It is not known whether or not this particular patient has difficulty swallowing. The decision to give IV medications does not depend on the time of administration. It is not true that all pills look alike.

What landmarks are used for the administration of an intramuscular injection into the gluteal site? a. The tip of the coccyx and the greater trochanter b. Between the center of the gluteus and the iliac spine c. Between the posterior iliac crest and the greater trochanter d. On an imaginary line between the center of the gluteus and the greater trochanter

ANS: C The gluteal site is marked by the greater trochanter and the posterior iliac crest.

What screening test is accomplished by performing an intradermal injection? a. Diabetes b. Tuberculosis c. Hepatitis d. Meningitis

ANS: B Intradermal injection absorption is slow, which makes it the best route for tuberculosis screening.

MULTIPLE RESPONSE 1. What should the nurse do with an injection of 2 mL of Demerol that the patient has refused? (Select all that apply.) a. Independently waste the drug in a secure place. b. Record in the narcotic log that the drug was wasted. c. Chart in the patient’s record the reason the medication was refused. d. Get any staff member to sign the narcotic log as witness to the drug being wasted. e. Confirm the count is correct on the narcotic log.

ANS: B, C, E When a controlled substance is wasted, the actual wasting must be witnessed by a licensed person, the narcotic log must be signed by both the nurse wasting the drug and the witness, and the narcotic count is confirmed by both people.