Test 4 Ch 33 Flashcards
When discussing aging, to whom does the term older adulthood apply?
a. Age 55 and above
b. Age 65 and above
c. Age 70 and above
d. Age 75 and above
ANS: B Age 65 and above
Older adulthood begins at about age 65.
- When the nurse discusses prevention of cardiac disease, falls, and depression with a group of older adults, the benefits of what are important to stress?
a. Nutrition
b. Medications
c. Exercise
d. Sleep
ANS: C Exercise
Primary prevention stresses exercise for the prevention of cardiac disease, falls, and depression.
When was the Social Security Act, which was the first major legislation providing financial security for older adults, passed?
a. 1930
b. 1935
c. 1940
d. 1945
ANS: B
The first major legislation to provide financial security for older adults was the Social Security Act of 1935.
When assessing the skin of an older adult patient who is complaining of pruritus, what should the nurse advise the patient to avoid to reduce further drying of her skin?
a. Perfumed soap
b. Hard-milled soap
c. Antibacterial soap
d. Lotion soap
ANS: C
Antibacterial soap is very drying.
Because thin skin and lack of subcutaneous fat predisposes the older adult to pressure injuries, the nurse alters the care plan to include turning the bedfast patient how often?
a. Once every shift
b. Every 4 hours
c. Each evening
d. Every 2 hours
ANS: D
Pressure injuries can be avoided by repositioning the patient every 2 hours.
At mealtime, the older adult seems to be eating less food than would be adequate. Compared to the younger adult, what is a requirement for the older adult?
a. More fluids
b. Less calcium
c. Fewer calories
d. More vitamins
ANS: C
The older adult requires 30 calories per kilogram of body weight, whereas the younger adult requires 40 calories.
The older patient informs the nurse that food has no taste and therefore the patient has no appetite. What is this most likely caused by?
a. Tasteless food
b. Overuse of salt
c. Lack of variety
d. Loss of taste buds
ANS: D
Older adults may experience a loss of appetite. Change in taste as a result of decreased saliva production and a decreased number of taste buds may make food unappealing.
An older adult is having difficulty swallowing. What position should the nurse recommend to aid in swallowing?
a. Chin parallel
b. Chin upward
c. Chin down
d. Chin to the side
ANS: C
The upright position, leaning slightly forward with the chin down, improves swallowing with the assistance of gravity.
The patient complains to the nurse about a newly developed intolerance to milk. What should the nurse suggest to fulfill calcium needs?
a. Rye bread
b. Yogurt
c. Apples
d. Raisins
ANS: B
Lactose, primarily found in milk, is a common source of food intolerance. Dairy products are an important source of calcium, which is needed to prevent osteoporosis. Lactose-intolerant individuals need to replace milk with cheese and yogurt, which are processed and digested more easily.
The older adult patient complains to the nurse about nocturia. This problem is most likely related to:
a. loss of bladder tone.
b. decrease in testosterone.
c. decrease in bladder capacity.
d. intake of caffeine.
ANS: C
At least 50% of older men and 70% of older women must get up two or more times during the night to empty their bladders, a condition known as nocturia (excessive urination at night). The most significant age-related change is the decrease in bladder capacity.
The older adult female patient is concerned about incontinence when she sneezes. What is the correct terminology for this type of incontinence?
a. Urge incontinence
b. Stress incontinence
c. Overflow incontinence
d. Functional incontinence
ANS: B
Stress incontinence results from increased abdominal pressure, which occurs with coughing or sneezing. Urge incontinence occurs after a sudden urge to void and is associated with cystitis, tumors, stones, and CNS disorders. Overflow incontinence is associated with diabetic neuropathy and spinal cord injuries. Functional incontinence results from unwillingness or inability to get to the toilet.
A change of aging related to the circulatory system includes decreased blood vessel elasticity. For what should the nurse assess?
a. Confusion
b. Tachycardia
c. Hypertension
d. Retained secretions
ANS: C
The blood vessels become less elastic because of aging and may lead to increased blood pressure.
What should be suggested to a patient to aid with the pain of claudication?
a. Rest
b. Exercise
c. Cross legs
d. Stand
ANS: A
A nursing intervention to relieve pain is to recommend the patient rest periodically until the pain subsides. Exercise and standing for long periods of time can exacerbate the pain. Crossing the legs can limit blood flow to the extremities and increase pain.
The nurse recommends a breathing technique to help a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to empty the lungs of used air and to promote inhalation of adequate oxygen. What is this method of breathing called?
a. Pursed-lip breathing
b. Increased inspiration
c. Vital capacity
d. Decreased expiration
ANS: A
Pursed-lip breathing can help empty the lungs of used air and promote inhalation of additional oxygen.
The nurse reminds the 80-year-old patient that her respiratory system has decreased resistance to respiratory infections. For what is this patient at increased risk?
a. COPD
b. Bronchitis
c. Pneumonia
d. Atelectasis
ANS: C
Decreased resistance to respiratory infections places older adults at higher risk for pneumonia.