FINAL ch 14 pharm Flashcards
A patient arrives at the health clinic after a week of treating herself at home with magnesium- based antacids. She complains to the LPN that she has experienced several episodes of lightheadedness and near fainting over the past 2 days. Which action is most appropriate?
a. Ask the patient how many doses of the drug she has been taking each day.
b. Instruct the patient to maintain a symptom diary to determine aggravating factors. c. Instruct the patient to bring the bottle of antacid drug to her next appointment.
d. Instruct the patient to switch to an aluminum-based antacid immediately.
ANS: A
The LPN is helping to prepare a teaching plan for a patient who is beginning treatment with an antacid. The LPN verifies that the patient understands that it is most appropriate to take the antacid at which time(s)?
a. Immediately on awakening in the morning
b. One hour after each meal and at bedtime
c. Thirty minutes after an H2-receptor agonist
d. Thirty minutes before bedtime
B
Which patient statement indicates an accurate understanding of taking proton-pump inhibitors?
a. “This drug will cure my gastric ulcer.”
b. “I can stop taking my drug when I feel better.”
c. “I need to avoid excessive exposure to the sun.”
d. “I should decrease my intake of calcium and vitamin D.”
C
The nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving famotidine for an ulcer. Which statement indicates that the patient understands about taking famotidine?
a. “I need to eat three large meals a day.”
b. “I will eat a bedtime snack.”
c. “I will try to stop smoking cigarettes.”
d. “I will notify my healthcare provider if I am not feeling better in a month.”
C
A patient is admitted with a diagnosis of dehydration as a result of diarrhea. You enter the patient’s room to give the ordered dicyclomine (Bentyl). The patient states, “I have benign prostatic hypertrophy and don’t want to drink a lot of water.” What is your best response?
a. “I must check with your healthcare provider before I can give you the pill.”
b. “I will give you as much water as you need to swallow the pill.”
c. “We will monitor how much you drink as well as how much you urinate.”
d. “You need to drink plenty of water because you are dehydrated.”
A
A 32-year-old male patient returns from visiting another country and has developed diarrhea and he plans to self-treat the diarrhea at home. What advice will you give to this patient about treating diarrhea at home?
a. “You should not self-treat diarrhea for longer than 1 day.”
b. “You should not self-treat diarrhea for longer than 2 days.”
c. “You should not self-treat diarrhea for longer than 3 days.”
d. “You should not self-treat diarrhea for longer than 4 days.”
B
You are caring for an older adult who is experiencing frequent constipation. Which statement indicates that the patient accurately understands dietary changes that may help prevent constipation?
a. “I should increase my intake of cheese and hard-boiled eggs.”
b. “I should increase my intake of whole grains and fresh vegetables.”
c. “I should increase my intake of cottage cheese and rice.”
d. “I should increase my intake of foods with a high sugar content.”
B
Laxatives would be contraindicated for which patient?
a. A 29-year-old patient in traction for a fractured femur
b. A 36-year-old patient who is a paraplegic
c. A 43-year-old patient with severe abdominal pain
d. A 55-year-old patient who is having a colonoscopy tomorrow
C
A patient is taking a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory (NSAID) drug regularly for arthritic pain. Which drug can help protect the patient’s gastrointestinal mucosa from the effects of an NSAID drug?
a. Aluminum hydroxide antacid
b. Sucralfate
c. Famotidine
d. Omeprazole
B
You are preparing a teaching session for a patient with diabetic gastroparesis prescribed metoclopramide. Which statement will you include in this teaching plan?
a. “Take this drug 1 hour after meals.”
b. “You should include high-iron foods in your diet.”
c. “Report any changes in your mood or feelings of depression.”
d. “Rotate the injection site each time you take this drug.”
C
You are preparing a teaching plan for a patient who is on a treatment regimen that includes laxatives. Which adverse reaction(s) are common to bulk-forming laxatives and stool softeners?
a. Muscle weakness and pruritus
b. Hypermagnesemia
c. Abdominal cramping and nausea
d. Cathartic colon
C
You are caring for an elderly patient who has been given 5 mL of the antispasmodic drug atropine. Which of the following action(s) should you perform to detect adverse reactions of this drug?
a. Monitor the patient’s heart rate.
b. Give the atropine with the prescribed sedative to enhance sleep.
c. Monitor the patient for serotonin syndrome.
d. Place the patient in Trendelenburg position after giving the drug.
A
You are caring for a patient with peptic ulcer disease who is receiving pantoprazole 40 mg daily. The patient asks you how the pantoprazole will help the peptic ulcer heal. What is your best response?
a. “Pantoprazole reduces or neutralizes gastric acidity.”
b. “Pantoprazole reduces gastric motility and lessens the amount of stomach acid.”
c. “Pantoprazole limits the action of histamine on the receptor cells in the stomach.”
d. “Pantoprazole decreases gastric acidity by blocking the acid secretory pump.”
D
You are caring for a patient who is experiencing chronic constipation. Which drug would lower the surface tension in the gastrointestinal tract and facilitate the softening of the fecal mass by intestinal fluids?
a. Psyllium seed (Metamucil)
b. Docusate (Colace)
c. Polyethylene glycol (Miralax)
d. Bisacodyl (Dulcolax)
B
A patient with acute vomiting is given promethazine (Phenergan) 12.5 mg IM. Which of the following action(s) should you take to prevent adverse effect of this drug?
a. Monitor the patient for a bulbous rash on the trunk.
b. Monitor the patient’s temperature.
c. Assess the patient for changes in mood.
d. Assess the patient for swelling of the extremities.
B
