Test 5 Flashcards
a federal law supersedes or overrides a similar state law
preemption
monies the national government gives to state or local governments for some designated purpose
federal grants
political power is divided between the national and state governments
federal system
powers exercised by both the national and state governments
concurrent powers
powers granted to the states by Amendment 10
reserved powers
rules that govern the use of money given to states through federal grants
mandates
the central government possesses all political power and rules through local governments
unitary system
the central government is subordinate to state governments
confederate system
the special rights and protections guaranteed to the citizen of a state
privileges and immunities
the surrendering of an accused or convicted felon to the state from which he fled
extradition
What Supreme Court case established the doctrine of implied powers?
McCulloch v. Maryland
What term describes the act of one state honoring the civil laws and court decisions of other states?
full faith and credit
What war resulted from the conflict between the states and federal governments over states rights?
Civil War
What term refers to the belief that the states could nullify laws that they considered unconstitutional?
Doctrine of Nullification
Name the two kinds of grants the national government gives the states.
block grants and categorical grants
What is the oldest written constitution now in force anywhere in the world?
Massachusetts Constitution
What kind of veto gives the power to veto part of a bill without rejecting the entire bill?
item veto
Which state executive officers keeps certain state records and documents, administers election laws, and keeps the official state seal?
secretary of state
What is the only state to have a unicameral legislature?
Nebraska
division of power amount the governments within a nation
federalism
What Supreme Court case gave a broader interpretation of Congress’ power to regulate commerce?
Gibbons v. Ogden
Which amendment provided for the federal government to tax personal incomes?
Amendment 16
Give 3 methods for proposing amendments to a state constitution.
convention proposal, initiative proposal, and legislative proposal
What state office can be compared to that of Vice President?
lieutenant governor
Which state executive officer is the guardian of a state’s finances and is often in charge of tax collection?
treasurer
What Supreme Court case opened the door for federal court regulation of state apportionment?
Baker v. Carr
What kind of courts are at the bottom of the state court system?
justice of the peace courts
What kind of courts help people collect small sums of money allegedly due them?
small claims court
What kind of state court is generally a court of last resort?
state supreme court
What is the largest unit of local government in most states?
county
What is the most common type of county board?
board of commissioners
What term means that a municipality has been designated as a legal governmental organization with certain rights and responsibilities?
incorporated
What is the oldest, most widely used form of city government?
mayor-council form
What is the single most important source of revenue among the states today?
sales tax
system of Congress issuing more penalties then incentives to force the states to implement federal programs
coercive federalism
serves as the state’s fundamental law
state constitution
one of the most important functions of state government
law enforcement
the unique feature of traditional town government
town meeting
the growth of a city is usually accompanied by the growth of what?
suburbs
a legal document granted by the state which outlines a form of government for the city
city charter
a major city and the populated are surrounding it
metropolitan area
an election in which voters approve or reject a proposed amendment
referendum
another name for counties in Louisiana
parish
the chief source of income for local governments
property tax
the city in which a county has its headquarters
county seat
the developed areas outside the city limits
suburbs
the fastest and most often used method of voting in state legislatures
voice vote
the process by which voters propose an amendment to a state constitution
initiative
the process by which voters may remove a governor from office
recall
