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History 10H * > test 5 > Flashcards

test 5 Flashcards

1
Q

what position were Stephan Douglas and Abe Lincoln running for in 1858?

A

reelection to senate

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2
Q

How did Abe and Stephan spread their message?

A

7 debates

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3
Q

What was Douglas’s position on the slavery issue?

A

popular sovereignty

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4
Q

what was Lincoln’s position on slavery?

A

opposing extension of slavery to territiories

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5
Q

Who won the election between Douglas and Lincoln?

A

Douglas

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6
Q

What were some positive results for Lincoln?

A
  • gains name recollition
  • press
  • travels nationally
  • republicans see him as a rising star
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7
Q

What happened on October 16, 1859?

A

Harper’s Ferry federal armory and arsenal

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8
Q

What is located in Harper’s ferry?

A

stockpile of weapons

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9
Q

What was Brown’s ultimate plan?

A
  • raid army and hand weapons to slaves

- wanted to march army into the south to free slaves

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10
Q

What happens to Brown?

A

Executed for his crime

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11
Q

who were the Democratic nominees? Why were there two?

A

Stephen Douglas and John Breckinridge of KY (to satisfy southerners)

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12
Q

Who is the third party candidate?

A

John bell of TN (pro slavery but wanted t unify the country)

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13
Q

Who wins the election the second time? Why?

A

Abe, the split votes gave him more by default

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14
Q

What was the last ditch effort by the South to protect slavery called? what did this call for?

A

Crittenden Compromise- proposed amendments to constitution

  • guaranteed slavery where existed
  • reinstate 36-60 line to the California border
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15
Q

Who was the republican nominee for Presidency in 1860?

A

Abe Lincoln

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16
Q

What happened to the Last ditch effort proposal?

A

Lincoln opposes it- convinced congressional Republicans to vote against it

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17
Q

What happened after the failure of the proposal? Why was it unsuccessful?

A

Peace Conference held in DC

  • nobody came from secessionist state
  • met for 3 weeks
  • proposals voted down by congress
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18
Q

What happened on December 17, 1860?

A

North Carolina secedes

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19
Q

What soon followed after NC secedes?

A

Followed by MS, FL, AL, GA, LA, TX, VA, AR, NC, TN

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20
Q

What did group of the states that seceded become known as?

A

The Confederacy

  • Jefferson Davis (Pres)
  • Alexander Stephens (VP)
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21
Q

Why was a transcontinental railroad necessary in the country?

A

needed to connect the west coast to the rest of the country

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22
Q

when was the issue that kept a route from being built through the South?

A

southerners wanted southern route, but the route would have to go through northern Mexico

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23
Q

what is done to solve the route issue?

A

James Gadsden was sent by the US gov to buy the land from Mexico

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24
Q

What is acquired by Gadsden? How much does the land cost?

A

Mexico agreed to accept for 10 million for the territory known as the Gadsden purchase. today it is Southern AZ and NM.

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25
Q

How did the North respond to the Gadsden purchase?

A

they want a northern railroad- pressure on congress

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26
Q

What had to be done to satisfy the North w the Gadsden purchase?

A

settle two territories; Nebraska and Kansas

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27
Q

why did the south not want Nebraska to become an organized territory?

A

under the Missouri compromise, they would become free states

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28
Q

how does Senator Douglas propose to resolve this issue?

A

Kansas-Nebraska act

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29
Q

How would it be determined if each territory was open to slavery?

A

popular sovereignty; settlers could decide issue of slavery

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30
Q

what results in Kansas? What name is given to this situation (popular sovereignty)?

A

it became the scene of a territorial civil war between proslavery and antislavery. “Bleeding Kansas”

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31
Q

who is the leader of the anti-slavery group in kansas?

A

John Brown

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32
Q

what is the significance of the events in Kansas?

A

becomes preview of what is to come in alter years on a national scale

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33
Q

who was Dred Scott

A
  • slave that had repetitively been moved around

- lived on 2 free soil states, heard he should be free

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34
Q

Why did Dred Scott sue in federal court?

A

he should be free, he lived in free states

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35
Q

What did the Supreme Court decide in the Dred Scott decision?

A

-African Americans are not citizens of the US
-Had no right to sue in federal courts
(Missouri compromise is invalidated)

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36
Q

how did the ruling in the case divide the Democrats and Republicans?

A

-southern democrats liked the decision

republicans said the decision was not binding

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37
Q

what was the issue that was raised when new land was acquired in the west?

A

slavery status in the new territory

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38
Q

what did Southerners want added to the laws of the United States

A

laws to assist them in capturing runaway slaves

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39
Q

why did President Polk think that the west was not suitable for slavery?

A

the climate

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40
Q

what did the Wilmot Proviso state?

A

proposal to ban slavery in any new territory in mexico

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41
Q

what was the idea proposed by Lewis Cass for deciding whether a territory should have slavery?

A

allow voters of a territory to decide if they wanted slavery or not

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42
Q

how did the idea proposed by Lewis Cass work?

A

popular vote = majority rules

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43
Q

why was the idea of popular sovereignty not the answer to the problem?

A

unpopular with abolitionists

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44
Q

CA applied for statehood as what kind of state?

A

free state

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45
Q

why did CA’s application to become a free state upset the Southerners?

A

means more free states than slave states

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46
Q

how did the compromise of 1850 attempt to solve the problem of upset Northerners?

A

pleased both north and south

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47
Q

what was the other component of the Compromise of 1850?

A

all territory gained from Mexico to use popular sovereignty

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48
Q

What else passed along with the compromise?

A

the fugitive slave act

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49
Q

If an african american was accused of being runaway slave, what happened first?

A

arrested and brought before a judge

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50
Q

how was it determined if a person was a runaway slave?

A

a sworn statement from a white person

51
Q

what could the accused runaway not do?

A

had no right to a trial and could not testify

52
Q

why was the system of accused runaway slaves corrupt?

A

payment for judge

53
Q

how did northerners react to the new law of runaway slaves?

A

outrages Northerners who could be fined or jailed for “helping” runaway slaves

54
Q

who speaks out against the law of runaway slaves?

A

Fredrick Douglas

55
Q

what are the results of Fredrick Douglas’s speeches?

A

underground railroad gains more popularity

  • warns whites they’re at risk too
  • whites start to ignore the law
56
Q

what is “Uncle Tom’s Cabin”?

A

anti-slavery novel

57
Q

who wrote “Uncle Tom’s Cabin”?

A

Harriet Beecher Stowe

58
Q

what was the effect of the book on the country?

A
  • second more widely read book in the country

- increased hatred of slavery by northerners

59
Q

what did Abraham Lincoln say to the author?

A

“so you’re the little woman who wrote the book that made this great war”

60
Q

who was Texas originally settled by?

A

NA’s

61
Q

what country claimed their territory in the 1500’s?

A

Spain

62
Q

why did the Spanish eventually decide to settle Texas?

A

protect the territory from French settlement

63
Q

why did the Spanish build throughout Texas?

A

Christian missions

64
Q

what was teh goal of the Spanish in building these?

A

to educate and civilize the NA’s

65
Q

why did the mission system fail?

A

The NA’s disliked the Spanish, refused to inhabit towns, attacked missions

66
Q

in 1800 how many settlements did Spanish have in TExas?

A

3

67
Q

who made the deal with the Spanish to colonize Texas?

A

Moses Austin

68
Q

what happened to Moses Austin? who had to take over?

A

died shortly after, his son Stephan took over

69
Q

how long did it take Stephen Austin tot build a successful colony?

A

4 yrs

70
Q

what happened to Mexico in 1821

A

gained independence from Spain

71
Q

what did Mexico want to do with Texas

A

increase settlement

72
Q

who are empresarios?

A

people like Stephen Austin who recruited settlers

73
Q

what was the population of Texas in 1830? how many colonies are there?

A

over 30,000 settlers, 12 established colonies

74
Q

what are the five Mexican laws that settlers of Texas had to follow?

A
  1. swear allegiance to Mexico
  2. Give up UC citizenship
  3. adopt Roman Catholicism as their religion
  4. stay on their land for 7 years
  5. no slavery
75
Q

why did many settlers not follow the Mexican laws?

A

Protestant-> catholic
slaves-> non-slaves
ignored laws-> wanted to live their way

76
Q

what does Mexico do to force settlers to obey their laws?

A

bans American immigration to Texas

77
Q

Why did Mexico feel the US wanted to acquire Texas?

A

it was part of the Louisiana Purchase, but US dropped claim with Spain

78
Q

why did Texas want to become independent from Mexico?

A

unhappy with Mexican laws

79
Q

who was the Mexican President? how did he respond?

A

Antonio… Lebron

  • Santa Anna
  • determined to keep control of territory
80
Q

Who do the Texans choose as their leader? who is he?

A

Sam Houston, former senator from Tennesse

81
Q

what was the Alamo origonally? what was it turned into?

A

old abandoned mission, tuned into fortress protected by 21 cannons

82
Q

how many troops does Santa Anna bring to the Alamo? how many Texans are there?

A

6,000 troops, 250 Texans

83
Q

who is in charge of the Alamo? what resulted?

A

12 days, Texans died, Travis and Crockett

84
Q

why was the battle of Alamo important?

A

Sam Houston assembled larger army at San Jacinto

85
Q

What is the Goliad? what happened there?

A

abandoned mission turned into prison that held many Texans accused of crimes against the Mexican gov. Santa Anna murdered 340 prisoners

86
Q

What does Sam Houston have planned for the Mexican army at San Jacinto?

A

all-out attack

87
Q

what are the results at San Jacinto?

A

marches into ambush, texans were able to force the mexicans to surrender

88
Q

what happens to Santa Anna?

A

flees

89
Q

what is Santa Anna forced to do when he is found under a tree?

A

sign treaty

90
Q

what are the terms of the treaty that Santa Anna signs?

A
  • Mexico withdraw troops

- Texas becomes independent republic

91
Q

what is the moral of the story?

A

don’t mess with texas

92
Q

who coined the phrase “manifest destiny”?

A

John O’ Sullivan

93
Q

what does manifest destiny mean?

A

belief that US would inevitably expand westward to the pacific ocean and into Mexican territory

94
Q

what are the three major reason americans moved west

A

-many had personal economic problems
land in west, fresh start
-availability of cheap land, profit off of it

95
Q

who was most likely to move west?

A
  • farmers
  • miners (seeking gold and other precious ore)
  • merchants follow; seeking new markets
96
Q

what was the original purpose of the Oregon trail?

A

traveled by Christian missionaries

97
Q

where did the Oregon trail start and end?

A

start- independence, Missouri

ended- Portland, Oreon

98
Q

who had followed a similar route to the Oregon Trail?

A

Lewis and Clark

99
Q

what were some of the hazards of the Oregon Trail?

A
  • long trip
  • moved slowly
  • poorly made wagons
  • can’t ride in wagon
  • temp changes
  • contaminated water, illness
  • NA tribes
100
Q

what happened to the Donner party?

A

took incorrect route that costed them extra months

  • no food left-> cannibalism
  • 83->45
101
Q

what happened to the leader of the Donner Party?

A

killed by angry mob

102
Q

who takes over as leader for the Donner Party?

A

Brigham Young

103
Q

where does Brigham Young lead the Donner Party to?

A

Great Salt Lake, Utah

104
Q

what caused the Aroostook War?

A

the expulsion of Canadian Lumberjacks in the disputed area of Aroostook by Maine officials

105
Q

What resulted from the Webster- Ashburton Treaty?

A

Border commission settled border

106
Q

why were the presidents Jackson and Van Buren hesitant to add Texas as a state to the US?

A

it would upset the northern voters who did not want another slave state added

107
Q

which two countries had a claim on the Oregon Territory?

A

US and Britain

108
Q

what was the major question concerning the Oregon territory?

A

which country does the territory belong to?

109
Q

what issue cause debate over the expansion of the US? why?

A

slavery issue

  • north wanted non-slave territory added
  • south wanted non-free territory added
110
Q

why did John Tyler run for re-election as a Democrat in 1848?

A

he had been disowned by his won party, the Whigs, because he wanted to add both Texas and Oregon

111
Q

why did Democrats choose James Polk as their Candidate instead of Tyler?

A

he pleases both the North and South with his agenda of adding both Texas and Oregon

112
Q

who is Polk’s opponent in 1848, what party is he from, and who wins?

A

henry clay, whigs, polk wins

113
Q

why was james polk popular in both the north and south

A

wanted to add both Oregon and Texas territory

114
Q

why did polk not want war with Britian over Oregon?

A

feared that war over disputed territory with Mexico-> didn’t want second war

115
Q

how was the Oregon territory divided between the US and Britain?

A

drawn down at the 14th parallel

116
Q

what territory was disputed between the US and Mexico?

A

territory that was originally part of Texas

117
Q

why does the US realize war is the only option against Mexico?

A

Mexico refused to negotiate and urges CA to declare independence (Makes the US look bad)

118
Q

what general was able to lead troops deep into Mexico?

A

General Zachary Taylor

119
Q

what is the name of the peace treaty that the Mexicans are forced to sign?

A

Guadalupe Hidalgo

120
Q

what territory is gained by the US as a result of the treaty?

A

the Southwest, becomes the Mexican Cession

121
Q

what discovery was made in CA in 1848?

A

gold

122
Q

what resulted after the discovery of gold?

A

mass migration of miners from the East (49ers)

123
Q

what was the overall effect on CA?

A

over 400,000 people had traveled to Ca in search of the American Dream.

  • people lost everything
  • made nothing
  • gold fields stripped bare

History 10H * (10 decks)

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