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Clinical Chemistry -Angela Taibo > Test #4 > Flashcards

Test #4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What 3 tests classify Azotemia?

A

BUN, Creatinine, and USG

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2
Q

Pre-Renal Azotemia

A

Before the kidneys
^BUN, Creatinine, and USG
Urine is concentrated

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3
Q

Causes of Pre-Renal Azotemia

A

Poor perfusion and inadequate circulation
Decreased glomerular filtration
Shock, CHF, and hypovolemia

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4
Q

Primary Renal Azotemia

A

Issue with the kidney it’s self
^ BUN and Creat and FIXED USG
Urine is dilute

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5
Q

Causes of Primary Azotemia

A

2/3-3/4 nephrons are non-functional
lead, drug and arcinic toxins
Snake venom

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6
Q

What 2 things are not working during primary Azotemia?

A

Glomerular filtration and Renal tubular function

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7
Q

Post-Renal Azotemia

A

After the kidneys
^ BUN, CREAT, and USG
Urine is concentrated

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8
Q

Causes of Post-Renal Azotemia

A

Urinary obstruction or rupture

Laws of diffusion are broke

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9
Q

Post-Renal Azotemia is considered an _____, because?

A

EMERGENCY

can back up and cause primary renal azotemia

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10
Q

Post-Renal Azotemia Tx

A

IV fluids

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11
Q

What does it mean when you have an ^ PCV/TP and V/D along with Post-Renal Azotemia?

A

pt also has Pre-Renal Azotemia = poor prognosis

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12
Q

Griffin Beaker

A

Graduated
Used for holding and mixing solutions
Not accurate for measuring

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13
Q

Erlenmeyer Flask

A

Graduated
Not accurate for measuring
Narrow neck and flat bottom
Used for holding and mixing

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14
Q

Volumetric Flask

A

Measures one Volume only- 500mls

Long neck and round bottom

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15
Q

Graduated Cylinder

A

Graduated

Measures Volume, choose the smallest that will hold solution

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16
Q

Cuvette

A

Test Tube

Measures Spectrophotometry by the amt of light transmitted/absorbed thru a solution= amt of glucose in urine

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17
Q

Pasteur Pipette

A

Transfer pipette
Glass with a bulb, disposable
Used to remove serum or plasma from tube
Not for measuring

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18
Q

Plastic Transfer Pipette

A

Plastic

Not used for measuring

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19
Q

Serological Pipette

A

Glass, Graduated
Used with pipette bulb or pump
Measures volume

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20
Q

Volumetric Pipette

A

Glass, bulge in the middle
Measures one volume only- 5mls
most accurate, but $$$

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21
Q

Two types of Volumetric Pipettes

A 
TC= To Contain
TD= To Deliver
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22
Q

Automatic Pipette

A

Micro pipette
Measures one volume only
Measured in ul
Tips are disposable

23
Q

1000 ul = ____ ml?

A

1 ml

ex: 30 ul = 0.03 ml

24
Q

Final Microscopic Magnification

A

Oculars (10) x Objective (4, 10, 40, or 100)

25
Q

Centrifuge Blood at?

A

6000rpm/5 min

26
Q

Centrifuge Urine at?

A

1500rpm/3-5 min

27
Q

Wet Chem. Analyzers

A

Spectrophotometer= measures CSF and TP

28
Q

Dry Chem. Analyzers

A

Vet Test, AEVH, and IDEXX= measures Glucose, Electrolytes, ALT, BUN, and Creat.

29
Q

Automated Hemo. Machines

A

Mascot= CBC

30
Q

Quality Control or assurance ensures what?

A

The accuracy of results

31
Q

T/F

RBC’s utilized bilirubin 10% every hour

A

False- glucose

32
Q

T/F

CSF is good for 2 hours if refrigerated

A

False- 15-30min. at room temp.

33
Q

T/F

The amount of formalin used to preserve tissue should be 10X the specimens volume

A

True

34
Q

T/F

it is okay to freeze a body for official necropsy

A

False

35
Q

T/F

if a lab test requires serum, or plasma, it is not important to remove it ASAP

A

False- RBCs will break down glucose

36
Q

T/F

hemolysis and lipemia usually do not interfere with lab tests

A

False

37
Q

T/F

Lipemia may be avoided by fasting the patient before drawing blood

A

True

38
Q

T/F

beakers and volumetric flasks are accurate for measuring volume

A

False- for holding and mixing

39
Q

T/F

when measuring liquid in a pipette, the top of the meniscus should be on the line

A

False

40
Q

T/F

Quality control should include keeping maintenance logs and control logs

A

True

41
Q

T/F

Cold lab equipment is best when preforming semen evaluations

A

False- they like hot!!

42
Q

T/F

An Erlenmeyer Flask is used to measure volume

A

False- holding and mixing

43
Q

T/F

a pasteur pipette is used for measuring volume

A

False- transferring solutions

44
Q

T/F

You should always wipe the outside of the pipette for excess solution. Just be careful to avoid wicking

A

True

45
Q

T/F

Effusions should be placed in a RTT for bacterial culture and a LTT for cytology

A

True

46
Q

T/F

If the 40X objective is in place, then the final magnification is 400X

A

True

47
Q

T/F

Blood is generally spun at 600rpm for 5min.

A

True

48
Q

Why is serum the preferred sample biochemical profiling?

A

To avoid anti-coagulant interference

49
Q

What kind of sample is the exception to the serum rule?

A

Lithium Heparin Plasma

50
Q

How would you preserve a tissue specimen?

A

French bread slices

51
Q

Tube initials that you “Blow Out”

A

TC

52
Q

What are 2 general ways of preserving a patient specimen?

A

chemical or decrease temp

53
Q

What 2 agencies monitor quality control?

A

AAHA & OSHA

Clinical Chemistry -Angela Taibo (14 decks)

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