Test 4 Flashcards
Reciprocity awareness
have parties acknowledge the positive things that the other party is doing (to ensure the parties realize the positive in the relationship)
Perfect relationship
What are each party’s goals for relationship? What are each party’s expectations of the other person and the relationship?
Frequency fulfillment
Using interest-based negotiation, teach party’s to compromise on their goals
Feedback exchange
Have each party tell the other one how they feel the other person is behaving with respect to the contract and the various areas on the Happiness Scale.
Positive statement
Have each party give positive feedback to the other frequently and always prior to negative feedback.
Reciprocity counseling parts of contract
- List responsibilities for each party.
- List positive contingencies (privileges) for each party.
- Include overall sanction
Catharsis counseling
Have parties talk to each other about relationship
Component analysis
multiple components in treatment program and you want to determine which components are necessary for the desired behavior to occur
Short-circuiting
consume the reinforcer before you exhibit the behavior
Immediate contingency
a. Measured 3x per week
b. Improvement results in return of one variable
c. No improvement, no deterioration results in nothing happening
d. Deterioration results in permanent loss of one variable
Intermediate contingency
a. Minimum rate line is established
b. Every 2 weeks, behavior is measured
c. If client meets minimum rate line, results in return of a number of variables
d. If client fails to meet minimum rate line, results in permanent loss of a number of valuables
Terminal contingency
a. If client finishes program, this group of valuables is returned to the client.
b. If client fails to finish program, client loses entire group of valuables
Reciprocal inhibition
a desired behavioral response is repeatedly carried out in the presence of a stimulus that normally triggers an undesired response
4 Major Assumptions of Contracts
- Positive reinforcement is a privilege, not a right.
- Relationships are governed by the concept of reciprocity.
- The value of a relationship is a direct function of the amount of reinforcement the parties receive.
- Rules create freedom.
5 common components of a contract
- Responsibilities
- Privileges
- Bonuses
- Sanctions
- Feedback or monitoring
What are the steps in a parent-child contract?
- list, prioritize, and define the youth’s responsibilities, privileges, bonuses, sanctions
- monitoring
What is the instrument used in reciprocity counseling?
the happiness scale
What does the happiness scale consist of?
Both parties rate happiness in relationship on scale from 1 (very unhappy)- 10 (very happy); both parties rate independently; Questions relevant to couple
What are the 5 procedures in reciprocity counseling?
RPFFP
- Reciprocity awareness
- Perfect relationship
- Frequency fulfillment
- Feedback exchange
- Positive statement
What is the first step in the Client-Therapist contract?
Client gives therapist something of value to be returned contingent on meeting goals.
NOT MONEY!
Parts of Client-Therapist contract
immediate contingency, intermediate contingency, terminal contingency, monitoring
What is the purpose of immediate contingency?
to provide immediate feedback
What is the purpose of intermediate contingency?
to ensure behavior occurs and maintains at a constant rate
What is the purpose of terminal contingency?
to ensure the person remains in the program
What 2 things are important for monitoring?
- Method of measuring and recording behavior
2. Reliable (at least 2 observers, behavior is described)
Steps in self-control program
- Specify the problem and set goals
- Make a commitment to change
- Take data and analyze consequences
- Design and implement program: manage situation, behavior, and consequences
- Prevent relapse
What 3 things need to be managed in self-control program?
Manage the situation (don’t go to bar if alcoholic), the behavior (What behavior looks like), and the consequences (What’s happening following behavior?) self-recording helps this
Steps in Behavioral Contract for Self-Control
- Specify target behavior
- Specify reinforcers
- Specify sanction/penalty to be used
- Specify bonuses
- Method of data collection (monitoring) and review
- Signature
- Form outlining how to manage situation, consequences, and complex bx
Steps of Aversion Therapy
A. Select an aversive event to be used and describe how one determines strength of aversive event.
B. Use aversive event contingent on all target behaviors.
C. Need a minimum number of pairings of aversive event with the target behavior per session (30).
D. Must come to a minimum of 5 treatment sessions. If the person is still engaging in the target behavior, the person must return for future treatment
Purpose of aversive therapy
to create an immediate stopping of the behavior by pairing the aversive event (shock) with the target behavior (smoking)
Self Management Training Steps
A. Emotional response routine B. Breaking the chain C. Learn new responses to substitute for target behavior D. Observation and reliability (call in) E. Follow-up
What does the emotional response routine consist of?
think of all negative consequences for engaging in target behavior
thing of all positive consequences for not engaging in target behavior
practice saying these over and over
Breaking the chain
stop pairing target behavior with pleasurable activities, develop antisocial behavior, store items in difficult to reach areas
Sanction for couple
if one party doesn’t complete a responsibility on the contract, then the other party doesn’t have to complete any responsibility for 24 hour period
Possible problem with sanction?
Neither party gets anything done and no progress made
Anorexia nervosa
fear of weight gain, inaccurate body image, compulsive exercise, abnormally low weight
Bulimia nervosa
frequently consume large amounts of food within 30 min-2 hrs and purge soon after
Binge eating disorder
frequently consume large amounts of food and feel unable to stop eating
Obesity disorder
excessive amount of body fat which increases the risk of health problems
What does SUD stand for?
subjective units of discomfort
What is self management training?
to maintain stopping of target behavior in and out of therapy
What is the purpose of muscle relaxation?
to help differentiate between being tense and relaxed
Which has behavior therapy been most effective with?
For obese and overweight clients
Steps in desensitization
- Build anxiety-stimulus hierarchy
- Muscle relaxation
- Implementing the desensitization procedure
What does implementing the desensitization procedure consist of?
- Must be fully relaxed
- Visualize hierarchy scene as clearly as possible
- Never go to a new scene until fully relaxed
- Start all sessions with the last scene that was visualized while fully relaxed
- Keep track of progress
What does visualizing the hierarchy scene consist of?
-If no anxiety (less than 5 SUDs), put down card, relax for 5 sec, and go to next pic.
-If anxiety felt (more than 5 SUDs), put down card, relax for 5 sec, and visualize the scene again.
If you must repeat B2 more than 3 times, go back one card.
What are the 2 main steps of cognitive restructuring methods?
- Identify irrational thoughts that can cause anxiety.
- Change faulty thinking by substituting rational thoughts and appraisal of info.
Steps in the anxiety-stimulus hierarchy
- Describe the fear
- List the fear-producing scenes
- Rank scenes according to SUDs
- Smooth out hierarchy
- Stack the deck
