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anatomy > test #4 > Flashcards

test #4 Flashcards

1
Q

The majority of nephrons are found in which region of the kidney

A

cortical

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2
Q

Which of the following structures are bundled together in the renal pyramids forming
the medullary portion of the kidney?

A

collecting ducts

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3
Q

[

A

]

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4
Q

What is true about the kidneys

A

They help regulate blood volume, salt balance and blood pH.

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5
Q

Which of the following fenestrated or ‘leaky’ blood vessels are under relatively high
hydrostatic pressure which makes them ideal for carrying out renal filtration?

A

glomerular capillaries

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6
Q

The capsule surrounding the glomerulus within the renal corpuscle is known as the

A

Bowman’s capsule

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6
Q

The filtration of plasma takes place in the

A

renal corpuscle

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7
Q

The filtration barrier in the renal corpuscle consists of which 3 layers

A

fenestrated endothelium of glomerulus, basement membrane of glomerulus
and podocyte filtration slits

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8
Q

The main function of the proximal convoluted tubule is to

A

reabsorb ions, glucose, amino acids, water, and vitamins

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9
Q

The afferent arteriole can suddenly respond to local blood flow changes it detects
internally by either vasoconstricting or vasodilating its muscular walls. In so doing, a
self-regulating response unfolds. This autoregulation is called

A

myogenic

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10
Q

ue to its low hydrostatic pressure compared to other blood vessels within the kidney,
solutes and water are usually reabsorbed by the

A

peritubular capillaries

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11
Q

The path of blood flow through the kidneys is unique. The blood flows from a(n)

A

arteriole to the glomerular capillaries to an arteriole

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12
Q

Molecules or cells larger than _____________ do not normally move through the
filtration membrane to enter the filtrate

A

albumin

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13
Q

Which pressure(s) opposes glomerular filtration

A

capsular hydrostatic pressure blood colloidal osmotic pressure

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14
Q

Reabsorption of filtered glucose into tubular epithelial cells from the lumen in the PCT
is done mostly by means of

A

cotransport

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15
Q

The process of _________ involves a carrier protein that can transport a molecule
across the cell membrane and down its concentration gradient

A

. facilitated diffusion

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16
Q

An adult excretes a large volume of dilute urine daily for the past several weeks. This
response may be due to the

A

absence of ADH

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17
Q

Aldosterone what activates Na+/K+ pumps increasing Na+ retention in the body

A

Aldosterone

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18
Q

When ADH in the blood decreases, then

A

the permeability to water in the collecting system decreases

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19
Q

The detrusor muscle is closely associated with the

A

urinary bladder

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20
Q

Fertilization results in the formation of a

A

zygote which is diploid or 2n

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21
Q

A lack of testosterone in males will cause the genital tubercle to form a(n)

A

clitoris

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22
Q

The first event to occur during development of the reproductive system would be the

A

descent of the urogenital diaphragm

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23
Q

The secretory structures at the base of the penis that produce a thick, alkaline mucus
are the

A

Cowper’s glands

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24
Q

. The spermatic cord does not contain a _

A

vas deferens

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25
Q

is this false permatogenesis begins at birth and continues throughout a man’s life

A

yes

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26
Q

Spermiogenesis produces

A

Spermiogenesis produces

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27
Q

The ejaculatory duct is formed by the

A

vas deferens and the proximal portion of the seminal vesicle

28
Q

What is the cell type that is formed after the first meiotic division in males?

A

secondary spermatocyte

29
Q

Which of the following male hormones is correctly paired with the cell secreting it?

A

androgen-binding protein (ABP) – sustentacular cell
testosterone- Leydig cell

30
Q

. Semen normally contains all the following, EXCEPT

A

sperm

31
Q

Which of the following male structures is correctly paired?

A

pampiniform plexus – absorbs heat from testicular arterial blood

32
Q

Which of the following structures is part of the internal female genitalia?

A

uterus

33
Q

All of the following are a function of the female reproductive system, EXCEPT?

A

. production of ABP or androgen binding protein

34
Q

The portion of the uterine cycle between the ending of menses and the next
ovulation is called

A

the proliferative phase

35
Q

How many secondary oocytes ultimately develop from each primary oocyte

A

1

36
Q

A secondary oocyte takes its break in development during

A

metaphase II

37
Q

When does an ovum finish meiosis?

A

during fertilization

38
Q

Which of these blood hormone levels reaches its peak during the luteal phase?

A

Progesterone

39
Q

Which of the following lists shows the phases of the female sexual cycle in the
correct order from the beginning to end?

A

excitement; plateau; orgasm; and resolution

40
Q

what does the urinary system contain

A

2 ureters’ 1 urinary baldder 1 urethra

41
Q

what is the primary kidney function

A

regulation of blood volume regulates bloods ph. water and salt balance

42
Q

what filltrates

A

renal corpusle

43
Q

what reaborbs

A

pct

44
Q

What secretes

A

Dct and a collecting duct

45
Q

is the glomerous leaky

A

yes

46
Q

how does the glomerlus recieve blood

A

affernt arteiole

47
Q

how does the glomerulus drain blood

A

efferent artiole

48
Q

what is not found in the urine

A

red blood cells large protines leukocytes

49
Q

wich hormone brings back sodium

A

aldosterone

50
Q

what determines how fast water gets absorbs

A

ADH

51
Q

what increases filtarion pressure

A

GFR

52
Q

What does the renal tubuil consist of

A

PCT DCT Loop of henle

53
Q

2

A

99% of all blood filterd by the glomeruls is reabsorbed back into the blood by the renal tubules

54
Q

in females the urethral opeining is located where

A

between the pubuc symohesis and the vagina

55
Q

what are the male gonads

A

testes

56
Q

what are the cells that are produced by gonads called

A

gametes

57
Q

what is the gobernaculum

A

fibromascular card that leads the testes thriugh the ingranl canal to the scrotum sac

58
Q

the dartos muscle

A

brings the scrotum twords the body to warm it

59
Q

creemaster muscle

A

extension of the obliuge muscle

60
Q

what is the panpiniform plexus

A

cool arteiole blood sent to the testes

61
Q

testicular lobules

A

each testicle conttains 200-300testicular lobuels 1-4 tubules called seminipherous tubules

62
Q

what do eminipors tubules produce

A

sperm cells

63
Q

what is spermogenisis

A

making sperm cells

64
Q

how is the ejaculatory duct formed

A

the seminak vesical and vas deferns

65
Q

how much do the prostate glamnds contribute to seminal fluid

A

33%

66
Q

where do the sperm mature in

A

the epididimys

67
Q

what controls the male sex cells

A

testosterone

68
Q

what cells makes testosterone

A

leydig

anatomy (12 decks)

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