TEST 3 REPRO THEORY Flashcards
ovaries
oval-shaped organs, lies in ovarian fossa
ligamentous
supports ovarian and suspensory ligaments
ovarian ligaments
connects ovary to uterus
suspensory ligaments
connects ovary to pelvic wall - carries blood supply (ovarian artery and vein) to ovary
ovaries functions
produce gametes and secretes hormones - oestrogen (B.O) and progesterone (A.O)
fallopian tubes
infundibulum (funnel-shaped with fimbriae), ampulla (widest - fertilization), isthmus, intramural
fallopian tubes functions
pick up ovum (fimbria), fertilization, passage and nourishment (for ovum, sperm and embryo)
uterus
fundus, body, isthmus, cervix
layers of the uterus
endometrium, myometrium and perimetrium
uterus functions
nutrition support, accommodation for fetus and contracts during labour
cervix functions
passage for sperm, menses, cervical plug, holds tight during pregnancy
vagina
elastic muscular tube; 9-10 cm in length; 45 degrees angle backwards
vagina lined by
stratified squamous epithelium; has acidity –> glycogen digested by the lactobacillus
breast
internal - glandular tissue (oxytocin - ejection of milk and prolactin - secretion of milk)
reproductive cycles
menarche, reproductive years, menopause
preovulation, ovulation, postovulation
menarche
onset of menstruation - only 400,000 follicles in ovary
reproductive years
from puberty till menopause where monthly one follicle matures to release ovum
menopause
cessation of menstruation - all follicles used up
preovulation
menstrual phase (uterus): shedding of functional layer
follicular phase (ovary): GnRH –> FSH –> grow follicle (growing follicle –> oestrogen)
proliferative (uterus) - oestrogen –> proliferate the functional endometrium
ovulation
LH surge –> graafian follicle to release ovum; remnant of follicle –> corpus luteum
postovulation
Luteal phase (ovary) - LH maintains corpus luteum in ovary secretes progesterone.
Secretory phase (uterus) – progesterone maintains the lining for implantation.
hormones
GnRH (Gonadotropin releasing horomones), FSH (follicle stimulating hormone), LH (luteinizing hormone), HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)
GnRH
Gonadotropin releasing hormones from hypothalamus- Stimulates pituitary to release FSH and LH
FSH
FSH from pituitary (Follicle stimulating hormone) - Stimulates follicle in ovary –> growing follicle –> oestrogen
LH
LH from pituitary (Luteinizing hormone) -Stimulates corpus luteum in ovary –> Corpus luteum –> Progesterone