test 3 nt Flashcards
Arguments in the Body of Philippians
4) 1. Put others before yourself creates a community/fellowship/partners in faith
2. Jesus Christ (humility, self emptying, not self seeking)
3. Timothy (focused on needs of others, not self seeking)
4. Paul himself (Christ Fills loss, emptied himself out
1st community founded by Paul (warmth & captivity)
Epaphroditus 62 AD
Unit through Humility
Theme of “Humility” in Philippians (Powell)
Interest in others, Christ puts followers before himself, Paul willing to sacrifice, communal mindset of love
The Realized Eschatology of the Corinthian Community
Believed they are falsely mature, do not expect the 2nd coming of Jesus. Mistaken belief that their salvation was already complete/realized. No future to salvation = moral indifference. Christianity was a new philosophy (way of thinking), not a new way of life (way of living).
Paul’s Realized Eschatology
“The body is a temple for the Holy Spirit.” Saved, but still being saved; Already but not yet. Allows for spiritual growth and avoids moral indifference. Salvation is future oriented, being christian does not exempt us from temptations.
The Question of eating meat sacrificed to idols in I Corinthians
Christians wanted to know if they could eat meat sacrificed to pagan gods, felt they were compromising Jesus by saying no and fellow citizens by saying yes.
Do not worship other Gods and Pagan Idols. They cannot share in the Eucharist (the meal of the body and blood of the lord) and still be active in pagan worship.
Powell’s Theme of the Resurrection of the Body
15: 35-40 The actual bodies of believers will be raised and transformed from something perishable to something imperishable
15: 43-44,53-55 Christ was transformed with a new body, so all who belong to him will be raised with new bodies that are glorious, powerful, spiritual, and immortal
15: 23 This will happen at the second coming of christ, not before
15: 32 Those who do not believe in such a resurrection of the body are likely to lapse into moral indifference, those who believe will preserve their remain
The Judaizers in Galatia
Conservative Jewish Christians from Jerusalem.
Questioned Paul’s authority because he is not one of the original 12 apostles, claiming his teaching was insufficient.
Jews who converted to Christianity but still held on to Jewish law (traditions/torah)
Gentiles must first become a jew before christianity
Paul…. Salvation is attainable through faith alone
Neal split the church in two (1st century)
The Council of Jerusalem
Self Defense (Called by God for Apostleship;Gospel is divine revelation from Jesus)
14 years later - titus is proof (accompanied paul to council who was uncircumcised
Salvation through faith alone, heart of faith lies in Jesus not the torah (vehicle= Jesus dying on the cross)
Table fellowship in Antioch (paul calls out peter)
Paul’s Gospel of Justification apart from the Law in Galatians
1:11-2:24 Self defense (called by God for Apostleship;Gospel is divine revelation from Jesus)
2:1-10 Titus uncircumcised greek before C.of.J
2:11-14 Table of Fellowship in Antioch (Paul calls out peter)
2:15-21 “God has created a new way to righteousness b/c of crucifixion
Ch 3,4 Abraham had a right relationship with God before circumcision
Powell’s Theme of how the spirit produces what the Law could not effect in Galatians
3: 2 Paul reminds the Galatians that God gave them the spirit when they first believed in the Gospel
3: 1-5 He Assures that God continues to supply them with the spirit and to work miracles among them not b/c they do works of the law but rather b/c they play their trust in what they heard from the first: the Gospel of Christ crucified
5: 16 Live by the Holy Spirit
5: 24 When a person belongs to Jesus Christ, the desires and passions of the flesh are crucified
2: 20 Christ lives in the person
Super Apostles in II Corinthians
Traveling missionaries from Rome Letters of recommendation from Jerusalem Assumed their creditworthiness/validity discredit Paul's gospel/authority sarcastic term coined by Paul Paul boasts weakness because that is where God gives him strength; glorifies weakness as arguments against the "super apostles boasted strengths"
How and why Paul boasts of his weakness in II Corinthians
“My weakness is my strength.” The cross is the ultimate symbol of this paradox. glorifies weakness against the super apostles boasted strengths.
Paul’s re-definition of ministry in II Corinthians
11: 30 boasting of weakness
5: 17-21 re-definition of ministry (Ambassadors of Christ))
6: 4-10 paradoxical couplings to redefine the ministry of the Gospels
Powell’s theme of Fundraising in II Corinthians
Gal 2:10 Paul agreed with the leaders among the Jewish Christians in Jerusalem that he would collect an offering from the Gentile churches that he founded for the poor in Jerusalem
8:1-2 Paul presents the opportunity to give as a privilege (a favor from God)
9:7 God loves a cheerful giver
9:5 Participation to be voluntary
8:9 Generosity inspired by sacrificing Christ
9:12-14 Bring glory to God who had been so generous to them
if Jerusalem accepts charity, the Gentiles must be seen as equals
The crisis/situation of the Church in Rome
Gentile Christians (strong) vs. Jewish christians (weak) Edict of Claudis (Jews and Jewish Christians kicked out of Rome and in minority for a change) Fundamentally changes church in Rome Concerns over abandoning the Torah given to them by God
The righteousness of God in Romans
The righteousness of God from faith to faith. “The one who is righteous by faith will live.” Everyone has sinned (gentiles and Jews alike; no distinction), but everybody has a path to righteousness. Jesus replaces the torah as it is no longer needed by God to achieve salvation. Abraham, the father of faith, was righteous before circumcision.
3:21-31 Salvation through faith and righteousness (heart of the letter)
How Paul views the law in Romans
chapters 7,8
Law (torah) lacked the power for Christians to live right and just, guidelines but no vehicle
The holy spirit empowers the christian to live right and just. Spirit replaces the law following crucifixion.
Paul’s theory of Israel’s unbelief in Romans
Why would god make a covenant with the jews for the torah to become irrelevant in salvation?
9: 14 has god abandoned Israel
10: 1-4 Christ is the end of the torah. The Jews did not submit to God’s righteousness tried to obtain salvation through their own means
11: 1-2 God has not rejected the Jews
Theory?
God’s plan is evanscent of us and is mysterious. Jewish unbelief is temporary. God opened the church to the Gentiles. “full number” of gentiles will be at the second coming
Powell’s theme of obedience to the Government in Romans
1:5 as an apostle paul was sent by God bring about obedience of faith
Jews and christians are not obedient to faith, rather government
5:10 True obedience will come through Faith as a result of being reconciled with God
- people can be counted as righteousness even though they continue to struggle and fail to live as God wishes
- people can now be transformed so that they actually are able to please God in ways that would not be possible
trusting in what God has done through Jesus people reconciled and set path to godly living.
