nt midterm Flashcards
The non-Christian sources for the history of Jesus
Tacitus (Historian - 115AD): “Christians worship Jesus who was crucified”
Pliny (Governor - 112AD): letter to trojan “Christians sing hymns and take oath to not commit bad deeds”
Josephus (Jewish): “Jesus was crucified because of his teaching, Jesus was a wonder worker. His followers claim he rose from the dead.”
The Two Source Theory of the Synoptic Gospels
Matthew and Luke were based on Marks Gospel, used Mark to refer to the Chronology of Jesus. Matthew and Luke also utilized christian oral tradition (Q source) in their composition.
The New Testament Apocrypha
Written during 2nd-3rd century in secret and never made it into the NT (30-40 documents). Referred to as Gospels, they were writings which claimed to be the life and teachings of Jesus.
The Portrait of the Disciples in Mark
The disciples are blind to Jesus’ messianic secret which means they are following Jesus without fully knowing or understanding who he is. Whereas in Matthew the disciples seem more aware of who is.
The theme of “teaching” in Matthew
4: 23-25 Ministering of Great Magnitude (Jesus preaching in the Synagogues)
5: 1 Sermon on the Mount (Jesus is the new Moses)
7: 28-29 Crowds astonished by the authority of Jesus
10: 1,5-6 Mission of the 12 (They can heal, cast out spirits, but cannot teach. could only travel to jewish areas b/c they have yet to witness Jesus die)
The Prologue of Luke’s Gospel
(1:1-4) First eyewitness of the lord, “so that you may realize the certainty” of the things being taught.
Dedicate Theophilus, 3rd generation christians, writing what was handed down to them, Luke himself never met Jesus.
Jesus’ Inaugural Sermon in Luke
Inaugural sermon/programmatic statement at Nazareth. Jesus proclaiming to be the Son of God, part of the rejection theme.
Luke 9:51 and the “journey to Jerusalem”
turning point of Jesus, Journey > “Come w/ me to Jerusalem” > metaphor/literary tool, 9:57-62 three would be followers of Jesus, Jesus goes freely knowing it will cost him his life (Divine Necessity)
Luke’s distinctive elements of the passion account
1) charges he faces, not a temple destroyer
2) Pilote attests innocence 3 times, trial before Herod
3) Jesus carrying Cross to Daughters “weep not for me but for yourselves.
4) The good thief “this man has done nothing criminal (innocent sufferer)
5) Death scene 23:44-49 “Father into your hands I command my spirit” psalm 31
Luke’s theme of Jesus as “prophet”
19:38 Jerusalem … “Blessed is the king”
19:45 Jesus is closely aligned w/ the temple
Passion/resurrection of Jesus, Divine necessity for Jesus to travel to Jerusalem
Six points of comparison between John and the Synoptics
Different beginnings (no genealogy)
Different Chronology (3 passovers vs. 1 year ministry)
Content of preaching (high christology=Divinity of Jesus)
Style (long discourses, dualism, I AM sayings)
7 signs rather than miracles
occasion for Jesus’ death (raising of Lazarus)
omissions & distinctive stories
John’s Christology
“In the beginning…” Jesus is the preexistent Son of God
High christology portraying his full divinity
Hour doxa glory, passion, death + resurrection of Jesus (Jesus wasn’t humiliated, Jesus was Glorified)
3:13 “No one has gone up to heaven except the one who has come down from heaven”
10:17-18 Jesus lays down his life freely
The “King Imagery” of John’s passion account
1) Pilate and Truth, “Then you are a king … You say I am a King”
2) The cross becomes his throne, crown of thorns, purple cloak
3) “Hail the king of the Jews”
The “Garden Scene” in John
18:1-11 Jesus arrested by both Romans and Jews, Peter strikes Malchus, Jesus “Shall I not drink the cup my father gave me?”, we regain our pathway to heaven in the garden
The “I AM” statements in John
I AM the Gate I AM the way, the truth, and the life I AM the resurrection and the life I AM the bread of life I AM the light of the world I AM the good shepherd I AM the true vine
