nt final Flashcards
Revelation
God revealing himself through his words and deeds
Jesus Christ is divine as the Son of God
1) Identity 2) Character 3) Call
Why the New Testament was written
Death of the Apostles
Delay of the Second Coming
The Historical Formation of the Gospels
Sources for faith documenting the history of Jesus, portraits with no direct eyewitnesses
Stage 1: Nobody writing things down (What Jesus said and did) 30-33 AD
Stage 2: Oral preaching, church being born, missionary activity (still no writing) 33-70 AD
Stage 3: Written stage, delay of the Second Coming, death of the eyewitnesses 70-100 AD
Mark ~70 AD, Luke/Matthew ~85 AD, John ~95
How the Gospels are theologies and not biographies
Written from the viewpoint of faith to lead others to faith
Theological portraits/interpretations, emphasizing certain aspects which the author wants to emphasize
The Christological reflection of the Gospels
Mark - Baptismal Christology
Luke/Matthew - Birth Christology
John - Creation Christology
The significance of Mark 1:1
Jesus Christ BRINGS the good news
Jesus Christ IS the good news, is divine, and is the anointed messiah
Creates the messianic secret (we know who Jesus is but the characters in the story do not)
Mark’s faith bias?
The Character of the Roman Centurion and the Climax of Mark’s Gospel
“Truly this man was the son of God” after Jesus’ last breath
At this moment, the messianic secret is revealed to all
Jesus was the suffering, crucified messiah
One can only understand Jesus after accepting his suffering and death
How and Why Matthew re-works Mark
No messianic secret “This is my beloved son” vs “you are my beloved son” … “He would not do thy deeds” vs. “He could not …”
Disciples are allowed to heal but not teach vs. disciples are commissioned to carry out a universal mission
Displays a higher christology
The righteousness of God in Romans
God loves sinners and everybody is a sinner
Salvation through faith alone
The theme of prophet in Luke
ch 4 Reads from the scroll of the prophet Isaiah (who prophesied the coming of Jesus) before he is rejected by Nazareth
references to the prophets Elijah and Elisha
ch 7 Simon and Pharisee’s house (characters suspect Jesus to be the prophet)
Jesus travels to Jerusalem b/c that is where they kill prophets
Jeremiah wept over Jerusalem b/c of their lack of belief just like Jesus
Luke’s Journey to Jerusalem
Luke 9:51 and Jesus’ “journey to Jerusalem”
turning point of Jesus, Journey > “Come w/ me to Jerusalem” > metaphor/literary tool for inspiring new followers of the faith,
9:57-62 three would be followers of Jesus, Jesus goes freely knowing it will cost him his life (Divine Necessity)
but he will be “received up” in doing so
introduces new characters
John’s Christology
“In the beginning…” Jesus is the preexistent Son of God
High christology portraying his full divinity
Hour doxa glory, passion, death + resurrection of Jesus (Jesus wasn’t humiliated, Jesus was Glorified)
3:13 “No one has gone up to heaven except the one who has come down from heaven”
10:17-18 Jesus lays down his life freely
The Occasional Nature of Paul’s Letters
Stand ins for his physical presence meant to address a specific problem or crisis in these communities
The Deutero-Pauline Literature
II Thessalonians, I & II Timothy, Titus, Ephesians, Colossians (6)
written in paul’s name by his disciples after his death
distinction in authorship but not in value or worthiness
updating paul for new generations and were written as if paul were answering
Two characteristics of the apocalyptic genre
Written during a time of crisis
Written with coded language
The realized eschatology of the Corinthian Community
Believed they are falsely mature, do not expect the 2nd coming of Jesus. Mistaken belief that their salvation was already complete/realized. No future to salvation = moral indifference. Christianity was a new philosophy (way of thinking), not a new way of life (way of living).
Paul’s response: consistent eschatology
“The body is a temple for the Holy Spirit.” Saved, but still being saved; Already but not yet. Allows for spiritual growth and avoids moral indifference. Salvation is future oriented, being christian does not exempt us from temptations.
The Judaizers in Galatians
Conservative Jewish Christians from Jerusalem.
Questioned Paul’s authority because he is not one of the original 12 apostles, claiming his teaching was insufficient.
Jews who converted to Christianity but still held on to Jewish law (traditions/torah)
Gentiles must first become a jew before christianity
Paul…. Salvation is attainable through faith alone
Neal split the church in two (1st century) resulting in the Council of Jerusalem
Paul’s gospel of justification apart from the law in Galatians
1:11-2:24 Self defense (called by God for Apostleship;Gospel is divine revelation from Jesus)
2:1-10 Titus uncircumcised greek before C.of.J
2:11-14 Table of Fellowship in Antioch (Paul calls out peter)
2:15-21 “God has created a new way to righteousness b/c of crucifixion
Ch 3,4 Abraham had a right relationship with God before circumcision
Paul’s Opponents in II Corinthians
Super Apostles
Traveling missionaries from Rome
Letters of recommendation from Jerusalem
Assumed their creditworthiness/validity
discredit Paul’s gospel/authority because his teaching was insufficient
sarcastic term coined by Paul
Paul boasts weakness because that is where God gives him strength; glorifies weakness as arguments against the “super apostles boasted strengths”
How and why Paul boasts of his weaknesses in II Corinthians
11:30 “My weakness is my strength.” The cross is the ultimate symbol of this paradox. glorifies weakness against the super apostles boasted strengths. Boasts his weaknesses in defense of the super apostles
The arguments of the body in Philippians
4) 1. Put others before yourself creates a community/fellowship/partners in faith
2. Jesus Christ (humility, self emptying, not self seeking)
3. Timothy (focused on needs of others, not self seeking)
4. Paul himself (Christ Fills loss, emptied himself out
1st community founded by Paul (warmth & captivity)
Epaphroditus 62 AD
Unity through Humility
The arguments of the body in Philippians
4) 1. Put others before yourself creates a community/fellowship/partners in faith
2. Jesus Christ (humility, self emptying, not self seeking)
3. Timothy (focused on needs of others, not self seeking)
4. Paul himself (Christ Fills loss, emptied himself out
1st community founded by Paul (warmth & captivity)
delievered by Epaphroditus 62 AD
Unity through Humility
The Occasion of Colossians
Agitators/outsiders (mystery cults who believed Christ was not enough
Christianity with extra baggage
Worldly wisdom, False Asceticism (spiritual disciplines of the body), and Worship of Elemental Spirits
The Cosmic Christology of Colossians
Jesus is the Lord of the Cosmos and Jesus is fully God (The highest christology in the New Testament). “Paul’s” response to the agitators in Colossae and that we do not fully understand Christ.
1:15-23
Why the title of “Paul’s Letter to the Ephesians” is really a misnomer
Deutero-Pauline Letter = not written by Paul
Doesn’t address a specific problem, summary of Paul’s most important themes = epistle, not a letter
Not addressed to a specific group = not addressed to the Ephesians
The theme of Paul’s Legacy in Ephesians
Pauline theology of Salvation ch 1
(7) Salvation is a mystery
History is worked out according to God’s purpose/will
God’s purpose/will was the redemptive death of his son Jesus
All things are united, all things are reconciled through his death
We accept salvation as a free gift
Jews and Gentiles alike
You know you have achieved salvation through the Holy spirit
Pauline Ecclesiology= church becomes the focal point/channel for salvation ch 1
Pauline Gentile Salvation theology ch 2
Paul’s mission ch 3
Pauline theology of marriage ch 5
Husband and wife, christ and church, spiritual covenant
The theology of Marriage in Ephesians
Spiritual covenant between husband and wife, christ and church
The theme of “Early Catholicism”
Death of the Apostles
Delay of the Parousia
Threat of False teachers
Faith as a deposit of teaching
Apostles as guarantors of tradition
Expectation of Second Coming has subsided
The theme of Early Catholicism in I Timothy
bishops/successors to the apostles, presbyters/elders, deacons/service
Sound Teaching/hierarchy to ensure survival and stability
Paul as a teacher/guarantor of traditions
Church=household of god, pillar and foundation of truth
The theme of dualism in John
light and dark, deceit and truth, sin and virtue
How the Church can be preserved from false teachings, according to the Pastorals
Church order and Leadership (bishops/successors to the apostles, presbyters/elders, deacons/service)
Sound Teaching/doctrine easy articulation of what we believe
Upright moral behavior (raise the bar)
