Test 3- Nervous System

Question 0

Oligodendrocytes

Answer 0

CNS

Myelinate neurons

Question 1

Astrocytes

Answer 1

CNS
Most abundant nerve cell
Supply nutrients for nerves
Control chemical environment around cells

Question 2

Microglia

Answer 2

CNS
Phagocytes
Defense cells

Question 3

Ependymal

Answer 3

CNS

Line cerebral spinal fluid filled cavities

Question 4

Nuclei vs Ganglia

Answer 4

Nuclei- CNS

Ganglia- PNS

Question 5

Tracts vs Nerves

Answer 5

Neuron fibers
Tracts: CNS, white matter
Nerves: PNS

Question 6

Nissl Bodies

Answer 6

Basically a rough ER

Metabolic activities of nerves

Question 7

Parts of Axon

Answer 7

Axon collateral: perpendicular branches of axon
Axon hillock: where action potential is triggered, right before myelination starts
Axon terminals: tips of axon where synapses occur

Question 8

Myelination in Nerves

Answer 8

Schwann Cells: groups of myelination in PNS
Myelin sheath: inner wrapping of axons
Neurilemma: outer wrapping of axon
Nodes of Ranvier: gaps in myelination

Question 9

Nerve Layers

Answer 9

Epineurium: entire nerve
Fascicles: bundle of nerves
Perineurium: covers fasicle
Endoneurium: wraps nerve

Question 10

Main parts of brain

Answer 10

Forebrain
-Cerebrum
-Thalmus
Brainstem
-Midbrain
Hindbrain 
-Cerebellum
-Medulla oblongata

Question 11

Brain Vocab

Answer 11

Gryi: raises, folds
Sulci: valleys of folds
Fissures: big valley
Lobes: chunks of brain separates by fissures

Question 12

Parts of Forebrain

Answer 12

Telencephalon:
-cerebrum
-olfactory bulbs and tracts
-lateral ventricles 
Diencephalon
-Thalmus
-Hypothalmus
-Epithalmus
-3rd ventricle

Question 13

Meninges of the Brain

Answer 13

Dura mater: outer layer, anchors to skull
Arachnoid: middle layer, allows CNF to drain thru sinuses
Pia mater: inner layer, delicate

Question 14

Parts of Brainstem

Answer 14

Midbrain
-corpora quadrigemina (colliculi)
-cerebral peduncles
-cerebral aqueduct
-red nucleus
Hindbrain
-metencephalon (cerebellum)
-myelencephalon (medulla oblongata)

Question 15

Unipolar Neurons

Answer 15

1 head

Sensory neurons

Question 16

Bipolar Neurons

Answer 16

2 heads

Eyes, ears, olfactory region

Question 17

Multipolar Neurons

Answer 17

Most neurons

Question 18

Functional Classification of Neurons

Answer 18

Sensory (afferent)
Association (interneurons)
Motor (efferent)

Question 19

Chemical Effects of Nerves

Answer 19

Ether had no effect
Curare stopped the action potential momentarily by blocking ACh
Lidocaine stopped the action potential by blocking sodium chanels

Question 21

Cranial Nerves

Answer 21

I. Oflactory
II. Optic
III. Oculomotor
IV. Tochlear
V. Trigeminal
VI. Abducens
VII. Facial
VIII. Vestibulocchlear
IX. Glossopharyngeal
X. Vagus
XI. Accessory
XII. Hypoglossal

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Question 22

Pathway of CSF

Answer 22

Choroid plexus
Interventircular foramen
3rd ventricle
Cerebral aqueduct
4th Ventricle
Median Aperture
Sub arachnoid space
Arachnoid villus