Test 3 Conformity and Group Influence Flashcards
what are norms
expectations held by a group bout what is good/bad, right/wrong.
- socially constructed
- vary on group
what is an explicit norm
written/discussed
what is an implicit norm
unwritten
what are the 2 reasons members conform according to Asch
liking and perceived group to be more informed
conformity is important even in ________
small groups
-conformity in groups of 3/4 as likely as in larger groups
According to Asch, what did the strength of an ally do
a single nonconformist (rebel) reduced conforming (rebellious) behavior by 75%
what are the “whys” of conformity
- group locomotion (motivate to achieve group goals)
- social comparison (make judgement about ourselves by comparing to others)
- consistency/balance (uncomfortable to go against liked group)
what is conformity in action
tend to see action as appropriate when others doing it, esp when uncertain
define deindividuation
- less focus on self, sees self as member of group, not as individual.
- size of group can lead to greater deindividuation (mobs, riots, etc)
define social loafing
in groups, ppl may not try as hard as working along
- don’t expect our efforts to lead to personally valued outcomes
- ppl try to benefit from other’s efforts when possible
what is the “sucker effect”
when people suspect others are loafing and do the same
explain conformity in action involving cults
- indoctrination occurs in 4 stations:
1. softening up stage (befriend, invite)
2. compliance (experiment behaviors requested by cult)
3. internalization (consider some of cult beliefs as more acceptable)
4. consolidation (become loyal and demonstrate allegiance)
explain the persuasive arguments theory involving its influence in small groups
- explains influence at individual level
- within each group, set standard of arguments for or against any decision
what are novel arguments
those unknown to the group are created during discussion, cause members to reconsider their initial choices.
-groups ultimately persuaded by novel arguments
explain the distributed valence model
- focus on explaining influence at sub-group level
- group final decision can be determined by counting group member +/- comments for each decision option
- majority rule wins
explain the group argument model
- focus on explain influence at group level
- examine types of arguments made by groups and subsequent outcomes
what are the 4 argument types of the group argument model
- claims (statements of facts)
- reasoning statements (…because; justification)
- agreements
- disagreements
- first 3 are accurate predictors of decision outcomes
explain minority influence in small groups
- small # ppl can influence larger # of fellow group members
- occurs less frequently than majority influence
what makes minority influence work
- consistency (view consistent thru discussion)
- minority size (smaller minorities, greater impact)
- discussion topic (more influential when discuss factual topics w/ clear right/wrong answer than topics)