Test 3 Balance Theory

Question 1

what are some general assumptions underlying consistency theories

Answer 1

• strong tendency for ppl to maintain consonance (consistency) among elements of a cognitive system
• inconsistency = discomfort, motivates the resolution of the inconsistency
• commitment activates need for consistency

Question 2

what is the balance theory

Answer 2

• we prefer balanced states, imbalance = uncomfortable.
• imbalanced structures try to regain balance
• deal w/ perceptions of links between yourself & two other elements.

Question 3

what are the two elements that the balance theory deals with

Answer 3

a + sign means you are PRO
a - sign means you are CON
an even number of - signs = balance

Question 4

how do we determine whether a system is balanced

Answer 4

multiply all of the values assigned to the 3 relations

• when the product is +1, system balanced
  (ie. agree w/ person lie, disagree w/ dislike)
• when the product is -1, system imbalanced
  (ie. agree w/ dislike, disagree w/ like)

Question 5

what are some procedures for eliminating imbalance

Answer 5

• reverse the sign of one of the paths
• change the sign of a path to a null relation
• differentiate the positive and negative attributes of an object or person.

Question 6

how do we apply the balance theory

Answer 6

• make audience aware of imbalance (provide means to regain balance)
• make audience aware of balance (notion of balance should reinforce attitudes/behaviors)