Test 3: Anatomy & Physiology Packet 2 Flashcards
Why do health care workers need to be able to correctly and clearly identify different areas pf the body?
To correctly apply injections, treatments and diagnoses
When using the transverse line, what are the body parts below the other body parts called
Inferior
What is the Atomical position
When the body is facing upright and facing forward with the arms at the sides and the palms facing towards the front
What are the three body planes
- Transverse
- Midsagittal
- Frontal
What are body planes
Imaginary lines drawn through the body. They separate the body into sections and are used to create directional terms
When using the transverse line, what are the body parts above the other body parts called
Superior
Define a transverse plane
Imaginary line going horizontal (Left to right) and divides the body into a top and bottom half
T/F
The transverse line is moveable
True
What two other terms are also related to the transversal plane that also refer to direction but are used for when a patient is lying down
Cranial and Caudle
Define Caudle
Refers to body parts towards the lower end of the spine or feet
Define Cranial
Refers to body parts towards the head
What’s an example of SUPERIOR
- The eyes are superior to the mouth
- The shins are superior to the heels
What’s an example of Inferior
- The Patella is inferior to the hip sockets
- The shoulders are inferior to the neck
What is the Midsagittal plane
(Can also be called the Median plane or the midline)
The vertical (up and down) line that divides the body into equal left and right halves
T/F
The Midline cannot be moved from right to left
False
Define Medial
Body parts that are closer to the midline compared to other body parts
What are two examples of medial
- The Spine is medial to the hips
- The eyes are medial to the ears
Define lateral
Body parts that are farther away from the midline compared to other body parts
What are two examples of lateral
- The hands are lateral the glutes
- The The hips are lateral the sternum
What is the frontal plane (Define)
The line that is used when a patient is facing the side, so you have a side view of their body, and it cuts straight down the middle dividing their front and back sides into two equal parts
Define Ventral/ Anterior
When referring to one body part that is in front of another body part
Define Dorsal/ Posterior
When one body part is behind another body part
What are two examples of Ventral/ Antierior
- The chest is anterior the butt
- The thighs are anterior the calves
What are two examples of Dorsal/ Posterior
- The butt is posterior the chest
- The heels are posterior the toes
What does superior mean
Towards the head or above another body part
What does Inferior mean
Away from the head or below another body part
What are two examples of superior
- The shoulders are superior the elbows
- The hips are superior the knees
What are two examples of inferior
- The knees are inferior the stomach
- The calves are inferior the hips
What does medial mean
Towards the middle of the body
What does lateral mean
Towards the side of the body
What are two examples of medial
- The nose is medial the eyes
- The spine is medial the hips
What are two examples of lateral
- The ears are lateral the mouth
- The hips are lateral the groin
What does proximal mean
Body parts closer to the point of attachment
What does distal mean
Body parts that are distant from the point of attachment
Give two examples of proximal
- The elbows are proximal the fingers
- The knees are proximal the shins
Give two examples of distal
- The palms are distal the elbows
- The knuckles are distal the wrist
What does superficial mean
Toward or at body surface
What does deep mean
Away from the body’s surface
Give two examples of deep
- The bones are deep the muscles
- The muscles are deep the skin
Give two examples of superficial
- The skin is superficial the muscles
- The muscles are superficial the bones
What does internal mean
Moving something in TOWARDS your body
What does external mean
Moving something AWAY from your body
What does abduction mean
Moving something up for example moving your arms up like you’re in a t pose
What does adduction mean
moving something down for example, lowering from a t pose
What does flexion mean
Making a space smaller for example moving your arm into an L like you look like you’re in the flexing pose, you’re actually making the space between the two parts of your arms smaller
What does extension mean
Making the space between two pieces of the body wider
What does protraction mean
for a body part to move forwards for example having slouchy shoulders
What does retraction mean
For a body part to move back wards for examples having tall posture
