Skeletal System (Test 6) Packet 1 Flashcards
What does the skeletal system provide for the body?
- Shape
- Structure
- Protecting vital organs
- Helps a person move
- Produces Blood cells
- Stores calcium
What is a long bone AND an example of one
A bone that is longer than they are wide; ex: Arms and Legs
What is a short bone AND an example of one
A bone that is similar in length and width; ex: Wrists and ankles
What is a flat bone AND an example of one
Bones that are broader and flatter ex: Skull, pelvis, shoulder blade
What is an irregular bone AND an example of one
Bones that have a specialized shape; ex: Vertebrae, ears, face
What is Diaphysis
The shaft of the long bone
What is Epiphysis
The wide end of a long bone
What is Articular Cartlidge
The Cartlidge that surrounds the epiphysis of the long bone
What is the periosteum
A thin layer of protective tissue that covers most bones and provides them with nutrients
What is the Medullary Canal
The space that blood flows through
What is the endosteum
Connective tissue that thinly lines the inner surface of a bone
T/F
Red Marrow is important in making blood cells
TRUE
T/F
Yellow Marrow is never made of fat, contains blood vessels, and occasionally form WBC’s
FALSE:
- Yellow Marrow is mostly made of fat
- It contains blood vessels
- And it forms WBC’s
What are Ligaments
Tough, Fibrous bands of connective tissue that support the internal organs and holds bones and joints together
What are cartilaginous joints
Joints connected entirely by Cartlidge, allowing more movement between bones
What are Joints
Structures that separate two or more adjacent elements of the skeletal system
What are fibrous joints
Joints connected by dense connective tissues consisting mainly of collagen
What are synovial Joints
Joints that are the most common types of joints in the human body
What does the axial skeleton consist of
Skull, ribs, sternum, and vertebrae
What does the appendicular skeleton consist of
Legs and arms
Where is the cervical vertebrae located and how many disks are there
Top of the spine (neck area) and it has 7 disks
Where is the thoracic vertebrae located and how many disks are there
Middle of the spine and there are 12
Where is the lumbar vertebrae located and how many disks does it have
Low back where the natural curve is, and there are 5 disks
What is the sacrum
The low part of the spine that had holes in it to lock everything together
What is the coccyx
The “tail” that humans have that no longer serves a purpose
How many true ribs are there and what makes them true
7 and they are true because they connect directly to the sternum
How many false ribs are there and what makes them false
4 and they are false because they attach to the true ribs, not the sternum
How many floating ribs are there and what makes them floating
2 (one on each side) and they are floating because they connect to the spine and nothing else
What are the three parts of the sternum
- Manubrium (top)
- Gladiolus (Middle)
- Xiphoid Process (bottom)
What are the two parts of the shoulder girdles
- Clavicle
- Scapula
What are the three arm bones
- Humerus
- Radius
- Ulna
What are the 3 hand bones
- Carpals
- Metacarpals
- Phalanges
How many carpal bones are there
8
How many metacarpal bones are there
5
How many phalanges are there in one hand and how many are there in the entire body
14; 56
What are the three parts of the pelvis
- Illium (top)
- Ishium (Middle to low)
- Symphysis Pubis (low)
What are the 4 leg bones
- Femur
- Patella
- Fibula
- Tibia
What are the 3 foot bones
- Tarsals
- Metatarslas
- Phalanges
How many tarsals are there
7
How many metatarsals are there
5
What is diarthrosis
A moveable joint
What is Amphiarthrosis
A partially moveable joint
What is Synarthrosis
A joint is isn’t moveable at all
What is arthritis
When a joint is inflamed (Rheumatoid arthritis and Osteoarthritis are examples)
What is a sprain
When a ligament or joint is torn
What is a dislocation
when a bone is displaced from a joint
What is a fracture
When there is a crack or break in a bone
