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Care And Injury > test 3 > Flashcards

test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

how many bones in foot

A

26

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2
Q

how many phalanges

A

14

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3
Q

purpose of first metatarsal

A

primary weight bearer

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4
Q

how many metatarsals

A

5

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5
Q

how many tarsals

A

7

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6
Q

arch functions

A

supporting body weight absorbing shock providing space for vessels nerves and muscles

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7
Q

What are the 4 arches

A

anterior metatarsal
transverse
medial longitudinal
lateral longitudinal

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8
Q

anterior metatarsal is toward

A

front of foot

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9
Q

transverse arch

A

across middle

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10
Q

medial longitudinal

A

inside of foot

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11
Q

lateral longitudinal

A

outside of foot

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12
Q

What does the plantar fascia do

A

supports foot from downward pressure

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13
Q

heel contustion

A

sudden stop and go or change from horizontal to vertical movement

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14
Q

pes planus

A

flat or fallen medial longitudinal arch

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15
Q

pes cavus

A

high arch higher than normal medial longitudinal arch accompanies excessive supination

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16
Q

plantar fasciitis

A

general heel pain poor running technique length discrepancy tight calves in correct shoes catch all for foot pain

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17
Q

jones fracture

A

fracture of disphysis atbase of 5th metatarsal most common acute fracture

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18
Q

march fracture

A

over use chronic 2nd metatarsal caused by structural deformities training errors bad shoes

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19
Q

turf toe

A

sprain due to hyperextension of mtp joint of great toe acute or overuse

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20
Q

subungal hematoma

A

blood under toenail blunt force to toe repetative shearing force

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21
Q

metatarsal arch strain

A

hypermobility of metatarsals

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22
Q

What is a specific symptom of pes cavus

A

excessive supination

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23
Q

Which fracture takes longer to heal

A

jones fracture

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24
Q

How to treat a subungual hematoma

A

nail drill ice elevation release pressure

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25
Q

How to treat an ingrown toenail

A

trim nails correctly soak in warm water cut a v and insert cotton underneath the nail to lift it up

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26
Q

2 bones of lower leg

A

tibia main weight bearing bone shin bone fibula attachment point outside of leg

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27
Q

Which bone forms the link between ankle and lower leg

A

talus

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28
Q

medial ankle deltoid ligament

A

strongest ligements in the body

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29
Q

anterior compartment

A

dorsiflexion

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30
Q

superficial posterior

A

plantar flexion

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31
Q

lateral compartment

A

eversion

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32
Q

deep posterior compartment

A

inversion

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33
Q

Lateral ankle sprain

A

plantar flexion combined with inversion and adduction

34
Q

Medial ankle sprain

A

forced eversion not common

35
Q

Syndesomtic ankle sprain

A

forced dorsiflexion and external rotation may be combined with medial or lateral sprain

36
Q

Achilles tendonitis – most commonly seen in what sports?

A

gradual onset inflammation of tendon/sheath due to excessive forces placed on it seen in running and jumping sports temporary thickening of of tendon

37
Q

Achilles tendon rupture

A

sudden push off action with full knee extension

38
Q

Medial tibial stress fracture

A

shin splints repetitive microtruama catch all for shin pain 4 grades after activity before and after before after and during constant

39
Q

Compartment syndrome (acute and chronic)

A

acute getting kicked after excessive exercise medical emergency
chronic tissue pressure increase during activity and stays after

40
Q

Ankle dislocation

A

direct truama plant and rotation includes avulsion fracture

41
Q

shin contusion

A

direct blow absences of muscle or fat padding

42
Q

Which ankle sprain is more common

A

Lateral ankle sprain

43
Q

Which ankle sprain takes longest to heal

A

Syndesomtic ankle sprain

44
Q

Specific sign of Achilles tendon rupture

A

indentation bump

45
Q

largest bone in body

A

femur

46
Q

patella

A

largest sesmoid “floating” bone

47
Q

menisci uses

A

deepens articulation cushions joint maintains spacing aids in stability

48
Q

medical menisci is

A

c shaped

49
Q

lateral menisci is

A

o shaped

50
Q

acl prevents

A

post translation of femur on tibia prevent femur from going backwards on tibia

51
Q

pcl

A

strong of the two prevents femur from going to far forward

52
Q

mcl

A

prevents valgus force

53
Q

lcl

A

prevents varus force

54
Q

knee flexion muscles

A

hamstrings bicep femoris semitendinosus semimembranos

55
Q

extension of knee

A

quads rectus femoris vastus lateralis vastus medialis vastus intermedius

56
Q

Genu valgum

A

knock kneed

57
Q

genu verum

A

bow legged

58
Q

genu recurvatum

A

hyperextension

59
Q

What bones make up the pelvic girdle

A

sacrum coccyx 2 innominates (hip bones) ilium ischium pubis

60
Q

functions of pelvic girdle

A

support spine and trunk transfer weight to low extremitys protect organs attachment point for musculature

61
Q

2 most common bursa in the hip

A

illiopsoas deep trochanteric

62
Q

How do you treat a quad contusion

A

ice with knee flexion

63
Q

Which is most common thigh injury

A

hamstring strain

64
Q

Femoral fractures occur to which part

A

middle 1/3 of shaft or neck

65
Q

mcl sprain

A

valgus force or outside rotation

66
Q

acl sprain

A

external rotation combined with valgus force

67
Q

pcl sprain

A

fall on force on bent knee

68
Q

Meniscus tear

A

two types bucket handle or parrot break rotary force during weight bearing or flexed position

69
Q

Patellar bursitits

A

continue kneeling direct blow or overuse

70
Q

patellar dislocation

A

internal rotation of thigh combined iwth external rotation of lower leg

71
Q

Chondromalacia

A

softening and roughening of the underside of the patella

72
Q

patellar tendinitis

A

jumping running kicking

73
Q

it band friction

A

overuse structural abnormalities of foot and lower leg running on crowned surface

74
Q

Quad contusion

A

blunt blow to relaxed muscle compresses muscle against femur 4 grades depending on rom

75
Q

Quad strain

A

sudden stretch or contraction fall on bent knee jump in volleyball or soccor

76
Q

Hamstring strain

A

strength should be 60-70 percent of the quads reoccurance due to scar tissue formations

77
Q

Femoral fracture

A

falling from a height direct blow acute chronic overuse downhill running jumping more common in females

78
Q

Myositis ossificans

A

repeated hits cause extra bone

79
Q

Trochanteric bursitis

A

inflammation of trochanteric bursa insertion of gluteus medius or it band evaluate biomechanics and footwear

80
Q

Dislocated hip

A

trumatic force along long axis of femur medical emergency

81
Q

Snapping hip

A

imbalance of muscle around hip common in young females who need great rom

82
Q

hip pointer

A

blow to iliac crest creates pain in abdominal and hip muscles that attaches

Care And Injury (6 decks)

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