test 3 Flashcards
Sensation
Window to outside world (physical aspect)
Perception
Interpreting what comes in window
Transduction
transforming signals into neural impulses (signals go through the thalamus and into various parts of the brain)
Cocktail party effect
Focusing on one specific conversation while many conversations are going on in the background
Change Blindness
Not noticing little details of past events (this is why many on site witnesses are not good in court)
Absolute threshold
point where you can sense the stimulus 50% of the time
Sensory Adaption
Decrease in responsiveness to stimuli due to constant stimulation… i.e not seeing your nose
Wavelengths..Blue? Red?
Blue= fast
Red=slow
Amplitude…Large? Small?
Large= bright Small= dull
Rods
lots more than cones
low detail
low color
high sensative in dim light
Cones
Less than rods right in the middle high detail high color low sensitive in dim light
Monochromatic color blindness
(Very rare) everything is one color
Di-chromatic color blindness
People have either blue and green or blue and red cones.
Opponent process theory
sensory receptors come in pairs (red/green) (blue/yellow)
black/white
cataracts
clouding of the lens
Mocular Degeneration
fovea wears out (everything becomes fuzzy and you can’t focus)
Detached Retina
can’t get out signals; you have blind spots
Hyperopia
farsighted
Myopia
nearsighted
Top Down Processing
Taking a big picture and breaking it down to find meaning..using what we know we work backwards and fill in gaps
Bottom up Processing
All tiny features of something..we use the features on object to build perception. It takes longer than top down processing but is more accurate
Gestalt Psychology
How we group things together
proximity, similarity, continuity, closure
Retinal Disparity
As an object gets closer to us, the differences in images between our eyes becomes greater
Convergence
as an object gets closer, our eyes have to come together to keep focused on that object
Constancy
objects change in our eyes as we or they move, but we are able to maintain content perception
Steps of hearing sounds
Eardrum to hammer to anvil to stirrup
Place theories
says different hairs vibrate in the cochtea when they hit different places
Frequency theory
all hairs vibrate, but at different speeds
Conduction Deafness
When something goes wrong with the sound and vibrates on the way to the ear
Sensorinenal Deafness
The hair cells in cochlea get damaged
Loud noises cause this type of deafness
Hypnotic Induction
Getting someone to the state where they will be open to suggestions
Substance use Disorder
Knowing that a drug is bad but keep on doing it anyway
Addiction
when someone is addicted they aren’t doing it to get high they just want to avoid the crash
4 types of touch
pressure, warmth, cold, pain
small nerve fibers
how we experience pain
large nerve fibers
other senses and how we block pain
Biopsychosocial approach
Biological + psychological + social aspects that relate to pain. (Mr. Jennerjohn’s player who faked the injury.)
papillae
bumps on the tongue (taste buds)
Vestibular sense
vision plays big part in it
tells us why body is orientated in space
sense of balance
located in our semicircular canals in ears
Kinesthetic sense
Muscle memory (tells us where our body parts are. Receptors located in muscles and joints) example: max golfing
synethesia
one sensation produces another example: seeing one thing but hearing something else. (the professor saying ball but thinking its tall because youre looking at a tall dude)
Insomnia
not being able to sleep at night. best treatment: change behavior
Narcolepsy
falling asleep at weird and sudden times. going from being awake straight to REM sleep
Sleep apnea
stop breathing while sleeping
Night Terrors
Sleep walking/ talking
Manifest content
dream content
Latent content
what your dream means
Why do we dream?
develop neural pathway
signal detection theory
detects when we will detect weak signals
parallel processing
being able to detect many things at once to know where someones next move will be
Phi Phenomenon
an illusion of light when two or more lights blink in quick succession
