Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Science :) > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Are plants producers/autotrophic or consumers/heterotrophic?

A

Producers/autotrophic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Organisms within Kingdom Plantae are _______, _________, ________, and they lack ______.

A

Multicellular, autotrophic, eukaryotic, and they lack mobility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Plants’ cell walls are made of _______.

A

Cellulose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How old are plants?

A

Almost 500 million years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the three main parts of plants?

A

Stem, roots, leaves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the role of roots in plants?

A

Penetrate the soil and anchor the plant to the ground

Absorb water and minerals from the soil to be used in photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What do the leaves do for the plant?

A

Provide a large surface area for the absorption of sunlight

Photosynthesis occurs inside the chloroplasts of the cells of the leaves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are stems and what are they used for?

A

Are composed of rigid tissue that raise and support the leaves
Transport substances from the roots to leaves and the leaves to the roots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Plants are divided into four main groups based on two major characteristics:

A

The presence or absence of vascular tissue and seeds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are vascular tissues?

A

Transport substances such as water, minerals, and sugars throughout the plant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are seeds?

A

Structures that contain an embryo, stored food, and a protective outer coat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Nonvascular land plants, no seeds

A

Bryophytes- include mosses and liverworts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Seedless vascular plants

A

Pterophytes- ferns, club mosses, horsetails

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Seeded vascular plants

A

Tracheophytes- most plants

- divided into angiosperms and gymnosperms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Non-flowering plants with seeds that do not develop within an enclosed structure (naked seeds)

A

Gymnosperms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Flowering plants with seeds that develop within an enclosed structure

A

Angiosperms (hidden seeds)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

More plant structures (not the main three)

A

Rhizoids, xylem, phloem, cuticle, and stomata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Small hair-like structures that transport materials and anchor the plant

A

Rhizoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Hollow tubes made of dead cells that transport water from roots to leaves

A

Xylem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Hollow tubes made of living cells that transport glucose made during photosynthesis from the leaves to the rest of the plant

A

Phloem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Waxy covering on stems and leaves of plants

Prevents water loss

A

Cuticle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Microscopic opening or pores in leaves
Pores through which the exchange of gases occurs in plants
Some water is also lost through these in a process known as transpiration

A

Stomata

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Characteristics of fungi:

A

Eukaryotic
Non-photosynthetic (heterotrophic)
Most are multicellular
Most are microscopic molds or yeasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The study of fungi is known as ______.

A

Mycology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Cell walls of fungi are contain

A

Chitin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The _____ is a mat of hyphae visible to the unaided eye

A

Mycelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Some hyphae may be divided by cross sections called

A

Septa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What are fungi made out of?

A

Hyphae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What is the above ground part of a fungus called?

A

Fruiting body/reproductive structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What are recyclers of dead organic material called?

A

Saprophytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

How do fungi get their food?

A

The hyphal tips will release enzymes that eventually decompose and secrete the juices out of the dead creature the fungus has found

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Where are saprophytic fungi found?

A

Dead trees, logs, plant little such as leaves, and even dead insects or animals, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Histoplasmosis

A

Internal organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Examples of fungal infections:

A

Ringworm, athlete’s foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What major medicine in the world today is a fungus?

A

Penicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What is another popular fungus that helps humans?

A

Yeast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What fungi are widely consumes by humans?

A

Mushrooms, morels, and truffles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Fungi are ________.

A

Plant pathogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What is symbiosis?

A

Beneficial partnerships between different species of creatures

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Symbiotic relationship between algae and fungi:

A

Lichen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Scientific name for sac fungi:

A

Ascomycota

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Scientific name for threadlike fungi:

A

Zygomycota

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Scientific name for club fungi

A

Basidomycota

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Scientific name for imperfect fungi

A

Deuteromycota

44
Q

What are two characteristics that all plants have in common?

A

Plants make their own food through photosynthesis. All plants have cell walls made of cellulose which support and protect the cell.

45
Q

What type of organism is thought to be the ancestor of all plants? Why?

A

Green algae- contain chlorophyll, cell walls, store energy in the form of starch, have a two part life cycle.

46
Q

How are ferns, horsetails, and club mosses different from angiosperms?

A

Don’t produce seeds, flowers, or fruits

47
Q

How are horsetails and club mosses similar to ferns?

A

Release spores, vascular, don’t make seeds

48
Q

Why don’t mosses ever grow as large as ferns?

A

Mosses don’t grow lengthwise because they don’t have a vascular system. Because they don’t have a vascular system, they need to get water directly from their environment or from a neighboring cell. To get water, you need to be on the ground.

49
Q

The ______ is a waxy layer that coats the surface of stems and leaves.

A

Cuticle

50
Q

Seedless vascular plants include ferns, horsetails, and __________.

A

Club mosses

51
Q

If plants did not possess a cuticle, where would they have to live?

A

Plants would have to live in moist areas so that they would not dry out.

52
Q

Diagram that depicts evolutionary relationships among groups

A

Cladogram

53
Q

Study of evolutionary relationships

A

Phylogeny

54
Q

Grouping individuals by their pattern of evolution

A

Evolutionary classification

55
Q

A form of analysis that looks at features of organisms that are considered innovations

A

Cladistics

56
Q

In cladograms, more advanced characteristics appear in later species than in earlier ones. These are called

A

Derived characters

57
Q

What is photosynthesis?

A

Carbon dioxide and water combine with solar energy and make glucose (food) and oxygen

58
Q

Where does photosynthesis occur?

A

In the thylakoids of the chloroplasts which are in green leaf cells

59
Q

What are chloroplasts and where are they found?

A

Chloroplasts are organelles found in green leaves of a plant. They make food for the plant through photosynthesis

60
Q

What are the two main functions of the chloroplasts?

A

Make food and store energy

61
Q

What is the primary pigment found in chloroplasts?

A

Green- chlorophyll

62
Q

Another name for sugar

A

Glucose

63
Q

What is the formula for photosynthesis?

A

6 CO2 + 6 H2O + sunlight/solar energy –> C6H12O6 + O2

64
Q

What thee things are used to make glucose in photosynthesis?

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Carbon dioxide and water

65
Q

Where does the water come from?

A

Roots absorb water through the xylem

66
Q

What type of energy does the plant use to convert CO2 and H2O into sugars/glucose?

A

Solar energy

67
Q

What is produced in photosynthesis?

A

Glucose and oxygen

68
Q

What is the glucose used for?

A

Energy and growth

69
Q

What is the oxygen used for?

A

The oxygen produced in photosynthesis is discarded into the air.

Refer to photosynthesis worksheet to know what the short essay will be

70
Q

What are the four main groups of fungi?

A

Club fungi, sac fungi, threadlike fungi, and imperfect fungi

71
Q

How do threadlike fungi reproduce?

A

Asexually and sexually

72
Q

How do sac fungi reproduce?

A

Sexually and asexually

73
Q

How do club fungi reproduce?

A

Sexually

74
Q

How do the imperfect fungi reproduce?

A

Asexually

75
Q

What is the largest group of fungi?

A

Sac fungi

76
Q

The structure containing spores in a sac of fungi is called _________.

A

An ascus

77
Q

__________ live on dead organic material.

A

Decomposers

78
Q

Label the parts of the euglena

A

Now.

79
Q

Label the parts of the ameba.

A

Now.

80
Q

Label the parts of the paramecium.

A

Now.

81
Q

Protozoa

A

One celled “first” “animals”

82
Q

Protophyta

A

Primitive “first” “plants”

83
Q

Most protists are

A

Aquatic

84
Q

_______ are organisms that drift or swim near the surface of the water

A

Plankton

85
Q

________ are protists that include ________ (autotrophs) and ________ (heterotrophs)

A

Microplankton, phytoplankton, zooplankton

86
Q

Single form of plankton

A

Plankter

87
Q

______ are responsible for half the world’s photosynthesis and oxygen production

A

Phytoplankton

88
Q

What are the three categories of protists?

A

Plantlike
Animal like
Funguslike

89
Q

Animal like protists that feed on bacteria and smaller protists

A

Ameba

90
Q

Animal like protists that live in fresh water that feed on bacteria and smaller protists

A

Paramecium

91
Q

Unicellular algae that live in freshwater and can make their own food in the presence of sunlight

A

Euglena

92
Q

Pseudopod, nucleus, food vacuole, cytoplasm, contractile vacuole, and cell membrane

A

Ameba

93
Q

Anal pore, food vacuole, oral groove, macronucleus, micronucleus, cytoplasm, cilia, contractile vacuole

A

Paramecium

94
Q

Chloroplasts, nucleus, eyespot, contractile vacuole, flagellum

A

Euglena

95
Q

Protists may be autotrophic, heterotrophic, or mixotrophic organisms:
Autotrophic:
Heterotrophic:
Heterotrophic:

A

Autotrophic- photosynthetic: plant like
Heterotrophic- ingestive: animal like
Heterotrophic- absorptive: fungus like
Mixotrophic organisms combine photosynthesis and food ingestion

96
Q

Some Protozoa move with cilia

A

Cilia are hairlike structures on the sides of some protists which helps them to swim and capture food

97
Q

Contractile vacuole

A

Pump that will contract and pump excess water out of the cell

98
Q

Ameba extends pseudopodia around food particle until they join, enclosing the particle in a membrane-bound vesicle. A lysosomes merges with the new food vacuole, dumping its enzymes in to digest the food. The products of digestion are then absorbed through the membrane.

A

Phagocytosis

99
Q

Multicellular algae are classified by their

A

Pigments

100
Q

Euglena move by

A

Flagellum

101
Q

Euglena is ________. (H,A,M)

A

Mixotrophic

102
Q

Which type of protist has only a cell membrane?

A

Ameba

103
Q

The name ameba comes from the Greek word _______, which means change.

A

Amoibe

104
Q

The word pseudopodia means

A

False foot

105
Q

Common disease caused by amebas

A

Amebic dysentery- causes cramps and diarrhea

106
Q

Which protist moves with cilia?

A

Paramecium

107
Q

Which protist moves with a flagellum?

A

Euglena

108
Q

Which protist moves with pseudopods?

A

Ameba

Science :) (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions