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321 assessment of clients > Test 3 > Flashcards

Test 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the skin

A

Protection
Body temp regulation
Psychosocial
Sensation
Vitamin D production
Immunologic
Absorption
Elimination

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2
Q

Factors affecting the skin

A

Unbroken and healthy skin and mucous membrane defend against harmful agents
Resistance to injury is affected by age, amount of underlying tissue and illness
Adequately nourished and hydrated body cells are resistant to injury
Adequate circulation is necessary to maintain cell life

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3
Q

Skin younger than 2

A

Thinner and weaker

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4
Q

Infants skin

A

The skin and mucous membranes are easily injured and subject to infection
A child’s skin becomes increasingly resistant to injury and infection

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5
Q

Skin and aging

A

The structure of the skin changes, the maturation of epidermal cells is prolonged, leading to thin, easily damaged skin
Circulation and collagen formation are impaired leading to decreased elasticity and increased risk for tissue damage from pressure

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6
Q

Causes of skin alteration

A

Very thin and obese people are more susceptible to skin injury
- fluid loss during illness causes dehydration
- skin appears loose and flabby
Excessive perspiration during illness predisposes skin to breakdown
Diseases of the skin such as eczema and psoriasis may cause lesions that require special care

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7
Q

Unintentional wound

A

Caused by an accidental fall or accident

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8
Q

Intentional wounds

A

Made by a healthcare professional like for surgery

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9
Q

Open wound

A

Like a cut, something that breaks the skin

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10
Q

Closed wound

A

Does not break the skin, like a bruise

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11
Q

Acute wound

A

Lasts for < 30 days
Goes through normal steps of healing

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12
Q

Chronic wound

A

Lasts for months or years

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13
Q

Partial thickness wound

A

Damages the epidermis and sometimes the dermis but does not go past the dermis

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14
Q

Full thickness wound

A

Damage goes past the epidermis and dermis and into the subcutaneous tissue
Could go to bone

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15
Q

Complex wound

A

Could be all of the above, partial and full
Difficulty healing

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16
Q

Principles of wound healing

A

Intact skin is the first line of defense against microorganisms
Careful hand hygiene **
Body responds systematically to trauma of any parts
Adequate blood supply is essential for normal body response
Normal healing is promoted when the wound is free of foreign material

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17
Q

Principles of wound healing

A

Intact skin is the first line of defense against microorganisms
Careful hand hygiene **
Body responds systematically to trauma of any parts
Adequate blood supply is essential for normal body response
Normal healing is promoted when the wound is free of foreign material
Extent of damage and state of health affects healing
Response to wound is more effective is proper nutrition
Need to know how person got wound**

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18
Q

Phases of wound healing

A

Hemostasis
Inflammatory
Proliferation
Maturation

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19
Q

Hemostasis

A

Immediately after initial injury
Involved blood vessels constrict and blood clotting begins
Exudate is formed, causing swelling and pain
Increased perfusion results in heat and redness
Platelets stimulate other cells to migrate to the injury to participate in other phases of healing

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20
Q

Inflammatory phase

A

Follows Hemostasis and lasts about 2-3 days
WBCs, mostly leukocytes and macrophages, move to wound
Macrophages enter the wound area and remain for an extended period
They ingest debris and release growth factors that attract fibroblasts to fill in the wound
Patient has a generalized body response

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21
Q

Proliferation phase

A

Lasts for several weeks
New tissue is built to fill the wound space through the action of fibroblasts
Capillaries grow across the wound
Think layer of epithelial cells forms across the wound
Granulation tissue forms a foundation for scar tissue development

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22
Q

Granulation tissue

A

Beefy red marbled tissue
Pink would mean you want more blood supply

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23
Q

Maturation phase

A

Final stage of healing, begins about 3 weeks after the injury, possibly continuing for months or years
Collagen is remodeled
New collagen tissue is deposited
Scar becomes a flat, thin, white line
Healed but never looks 100%

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24
Q

Local factors affecting wound healing

A

Pressure
Desiccation
Maceration
Trauma
Edema
Infection
Excessive bleeding
Necrosis
Presence of biofilm

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25
Q

Desiccation

A

Dehydration

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26
Q

Maceration

A

Ovehydration

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27
Q

Systemic factor affecting wound healing

A

Age
Circulation and oxygenation
Nutritional status
Wound etiology
Health status
Immunosuppression
Medication use
Adherence to treatment plan

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28
Q

Wound complications

A

Infection
Hemorrhage
Dehiscence or evisceration
Fistula formation

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29
Q

Dehiscence

A

Wound reopens

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30
Q

Evisceration

A

Wound reopens and everything comes out like organs

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31
Q

Factors affecting pressure injury development

A

Aging skin
Chronic illnesses
Immobility
Malnutrition
Fecal and urinary incontience
Altered level of consciousness
Spinal cord and brain injuries
Neuromuscular disorders

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32
Q

Mechanisms in pressure injury dev

A

External pressure compressing blood vessels
Friction and shearing forces tearing or injuring blood vessels

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33
Q

Friction vs shearing

A

Friction caused by when you move them up in bed
Shearing caused by them sliding back down in bed

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34
Q

Stage one pressure injury

A

Nonblanchable (doesn’t return to normal color), erythema (redness) of INTACT skin

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35
Q

Stage two pressure injury

A

Partial thickness skin loss with exposed dermis
Ex: blister

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36
Q

Stage three pressure injury

A

Full thickness skin loss, not involving underlying fascia (tendons, bones or ligaments)

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37
Q

Stage four pressure injury

A

Full thickness skin and tissue loss
Possibly see bones, ligaments or tendons
High probability of coming back b/c doesn’t ever fully heal

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38
Q

Unstageable pressure injury

A

Obscured full-thickness skin and tissue loss
Black, white or yellow wound bed
Cannot tell how deep it goes so can’t stage

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39
Q

Deep tissue pressure injury

A

Persistent nonblanchable (doesn’t go away even when offloading the pressure) deep red, maroon or purple discoloration

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40
Q

Slough tissue

A

Yellowish debris

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41
Q

Escher tissue

A

Neocratic tissue
If dry a lot will leave it
If wet will cut out and might have to amputate

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42
Q

Necrotizing faciatis

A

Necrotic tissue spreads and eats away at skin

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43
Q

Measurement of pressure injury

A

Size of wound - length, width and height
Depth of wound
Presence of undermining, tunneling or sinus tract

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44
Q

Cleaning a pressure injury/wound

A

Clean with each dressing change
Use new gauze for each wipe and clean from top to bottom and/or center to outside
0.9% saline solution
Once clean dry area using gauze sponge in same manner
Report any drainage or necrotic tissue

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45
Q

Serous drainage

A

White, clearish, watery

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46
Q

Serous drainage

A

White, clearish, watery

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47
Q

Sanguineous drainage

A

Bloody

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48
Q

Serosanguineous drainage

A

Pink, some serous some sanguineous

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49
Q

Purulent drainage

A

Yellow/brown, smells

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50
Q

Wound assessment

A

Inspection for sight and smell
Palpation for appearance, drainage and pain
Sutures, drains or tubes, and manifestations of complications

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51
Q

Purpose of wound dressings

A

Provide physical, psychological and aesthetic comfort
Prevent, eliminate or control infection
Absorb drainage
Maintain moisture balance of the wound
Protect from further injury
Protect skin surrounding
Debride (remove damaged/necrotic tissue)
Stimulate/optimize healing response
Consider ease of use and cost-effectiveness

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52
Q

Signs of wound infection

A

Swollen
Deep red in color
Feels hot on palpation
Drainage is increased and possibly purulent
Sound odor may be notes
Edges may be separated, with dehiscence present

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53
Q

Types of bandages

A

Roller bandage
Circular turn
Spiral turn
Figure of eight turn

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54
Q

Types of binders

A

Slings
Abdominal binders
Chest binders
T binders

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55
Q

Penrose drain

A

Open system
In pocket of infection to get all of it

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56
Q

Jackson-Pratt drain

A

Closed system
Suction drain

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57
Q

Hemovac drain

A

Closed system
Used in orthopedics

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58
Q

Color classification of open wounds

A

R = red - protect
Y = yellow - cleanse
B = black - debride
Mixed wound = components of all

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59
Q

Pressure injury assessment

A

Risk assessment
Mobility
Nutritional status
Moisture and incontinence
Appearance of existing pressure injury
Pain assessment

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60
Q

Topics for home health care teaching

A

Supplies
Infection prevention
Wound healing
Appearance of the skin/recent changes
Activity/mobility
Nutrition
Pain** so important to ask about before redressing
Elimination

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61
Q

Factors affecting response to hot and cold treatment

A

Method and duration of application
Degree of heat or cold applied
Patients age and physical condition
Amount of body surface covered

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62
Q

Effects of applying heat

A

Dilates peripheral blood vessels
Increases tissue metabolism
Reduces blood viscosity and increases capillary perm
Reduces muscle tension
Helps relieve pain

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63
Q

Effects of applying cold

A

Constricts peripheral blood vessels
Reduces muscle spasms
Promotes comfort
Swelling = elevate

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64
Q

Skin cancers

A

Most common kinds
Three types: melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma
Asians are less susceptible

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65
Q

Skin exam for skin cancer

A

A - asymmetry
B - border
C - color
D - diameter
E - evolution (changes over time)

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66
Q

Male external genitalia

A

Scrotum
Scrotal sac

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67
Q

Male internal genitalia

A

Tests
Spermatic cord
Epididymis
Vas deferens

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68
Q

Inguinal area

A

Located between the anterior superior iliac spine laterally and symphysis pubis medically
Frequent site of hernia development

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69
Q

risk factors for HIV/AIDS

A

Being the fetus of an HIV+ mother
Mother-infant transmission during pregnancy or delivery
Exchange of blood or body fluids through blood transfusion, needle sticks, breast feeding or body piercings

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70
Q

Age and prostate cancer

A

Rare in men under 40, rises rapidly after age 50

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71
Q

Race/ethnicity and prostate cancer

A

Highest for African American or Caribbean males of African origin
Occurs less often in Asian, Hispanic/Latio men than in whites

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72
Q

Geography and prostate cancer

A

Most common in North America, northwestern Europe, Australia and on Carribbean islands
Less common in Asia, Africa, Central America and South America

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73
Q

Fam history and prostate cancer

A

Having a brother or father with it increases chances

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74
Q

Risk factors for prostate cancer

A

Certain gene changes
Exposure to agent orange (Vietnam war)
Working on a farm, tire plant, with paint, with cadmium
Firefighters exposed to toxic chemicals
Slightly high risk for those who eat high amounts of red meat or high fat and fewer veggies
Low melatonin levels

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75
Q

Symptoms of Prostate Cancer

A

Trouble urinating
Decreased force in the steam of urine
Blood in the semen
Swelling in the legs
Bone pain
Erectile dysfunction

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76
Q

Education topics for prostate cancer

A

Don’t overeat
Diet low in fat and rich in fruits and veggies, high in fiber and high in omega 3 fatty acids
Soy products and other legumes positive effect
Drink green tea daily
No more than 2 alc drinks a day
Moderate exercise daily
Sleep in dark room

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77
Q

Testicular cancer

A

High mortality rate, especially if not caught early
ACS recommends exams as part of routine cancer check ups
Male clients should be aware they should be doing monthly self exams

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78
Q

Penis assessment

A

Inspection and palpation
Base of penis and pubic hair
Shaft, foreskin and glans
Urethral discharge

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79
Q

Scrotum assessment

A

Inspection:
Size shape and postion
Scrotal skin
Palpation: of scrotal contents
Auscultation
Transillumination

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80
Q

Inguinal area assessment

A

Inspect for Inguinal and femoral hernia

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81
Q

Older client findings male genitalia

A

Lumps
Swelling
Masses
Sexual dysfunction or decrease in

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82
Q

Risk factors for cervical cancer

A

Human papilloma virus (HPV)
Smoking
Immunosuppression
Chlamydia infection
Diet low in fruits and veggies
Overweight
Intrauterine device use
Having multiple full term pregnancies
Being <17 during first full term pregnancy
Poverty
Mother took DES (synthetic estrogen) while pregnant
Fam history

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83
Q

Incidence of cervical cancer

A

Lowest is in Eastern Mediterranean countries
Unusually high rate was found in the African region where income levels tend to be low

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84
Q

History of current health problem (female genitalia)

A

Menstrual cycle
Age of first period
Menopause
Vaginal discharge
Pain or itching
Lumps, swelling or masses
Urinating difficulty, color change or odor

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85
Q

Female external genitalia assessment

A

Inspection:
Mons pubis
Labia Majorca and perineum
Labia minors, clitoris, urethral meatus and vaginal opening
Palpation:
Bartholin glands
Urethra

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86
Q

Female internal genitalia assessment

A

Inspection:
Vaginal opening
Vaginal musculature
Cervix
Vagina
Bimanual examination:
Palpation:
Cervix
Uterus
Ovaries

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87
Q

Vaginitis

A

Inflammation in the cannal

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88
Q

Older female client findings genitalia

A

Vaginal infection b/c of atrophy of the vaginal mucosa
Gray, thinning pubic har
Cervic appears pale after menopause
Urinary incontinence from weakness or loss of urethral elasticity

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89
Q

Urinary system

A

Kidneys - main function unit
Ureters - carry it down
Bladder - worked by ANS, sfinkder guards open/close
Urethra - female is shorter

90
Q

Kidneys and ureters

A

Maintain composition and volume of body fluids
Filter and excrete blood constituents not needed, retain those that are
Excrete waste product

91
Q

How kidneys and ureters excrete waste product

A

The nephrons maintain and regulate fluid balance through the mechanisms of selective reabsorption and secretion of water, electrolytes and other
Urine from nephrons empties into the kidneys

92
Q

Bladder

A

Smooth muscle sac innervated by ANS
Serves as temp reservoir for urine
Composed of three layers called detrusor muscle
Sphincter guards opening between it and urethra

93
Q

Layers of bladder

A

Inner longitudinal layer
Middle circular layer
Outer longitudinal layer

94
Q

Urethra

A

Conveys urines from the bladder to the exterior
Males function in excretory and reproductive
No portion of female is external to body

95
Q

Process of emptying the bladder

A

Detrusor muscle contracts, internal sphincter relaxes, urine enters posterior urethra
Muscles of perineum and external sphincter relax
Muscle of abdominal wall contracts slightly
Diaphragm lowers, micturition occurs

96
Q

Factors affecting micturition

A

Dev considerations
Food and fluid intake
Psychological variables
Activity and muscle tone
Pathologic conditions
Medications

97
Q

Toilet training

A

Usually 2-3 years old

98
Q

Enuresis

A

Not being able to control pee
Nocturial enuresis: bed wetting

99
Q

Effecting of aging on voiding

A

Nocturia
Increased frequency
Urine retention and stasis
Voluntary control affected by physical problems

100
Q

Diseases associated with renal problems

A

Congenital urinary tract abnormalities
Polycystic kidney disease
Urinary tract infection
Urinary calculi
Hypertension
Diabetes mellitus
Gout
Connective tissue disorders

101
Q

Diuretics and Urine production and elimination

A

Prevent reabsorption of water and certain electrolytes in tubules

102
Q

Cholinergic medications and Urine production and elimination

A

Often for heart
Stimulate contractions of detrusor muscle, producing urination

103
Q

Analgesics/tranquilizers and Urine production and elimination

A

Suppress CNS, diminish effectiveness of neural reflex
Don’t know when they have to pee

104
Q

Anticoagulants and urine color

A

Red urine

105
Q

Diuretics and urine color

A

Pale yellow urine

106
Q

Pyridium and urine color

A

Orange to orange-red urine

107
Q

Antidepressant amitriptyline or B-complex vitamins and urine color

A

Green or blue green urine

108
Q

Levodopa and urine color

A

Brown or black urine

109
Q

Assessment of kidneys

A

Palpation of kidneys is usually performed by an advanced health care practitioner as part of a more detailed assessment

110
Q

Assessment of urinary bladder

A

Palpate (can’t on empty bladder) and percuss or use bedside scanner

111
Q

Assessment of urethral orifice

A

Inspect for signs of infection, discharge, or odor

112
Q

Assessment of skin for urinary function

A

Assess for color, texture, turf or and excretion of wastes

113
Q

Urine assessment

A

Assess for color, odor, clarity, and sediment

114
Q

Polyuria

A

A person pees a lot

115
Q

Anuria

A

Person who doesn’t pee at all

116
Q

Oliguria

A

Person who does not pee enough
Ex: 200 mL in 24 hours

117
Q

Normal urine output

A

2000 mL out in 24 hrs
Minimum 800 mL

118
Q

Measuring urine output

A

Ask patient to void in bedpan, urinal or specimen container
Put on gloves, pour into appropriate measuring device
Place the calibrated container on a flat surface and read at eye level
Note amount of urine voided and recorded on the appropriate form

119
Q

Remembers for urine specimens

A

Routine urinalysis
*aseptic technique
Clean catch or midstream
Sterile specimens from indwelling catheters (don’t take from bag)
Urine specimen from a urinary diversion (appliance and out abdominal)
24hr collection - must refrigerate after 1hr no good

120
Q

Point of care urine testing

A

Color, clarity, keatones (diabetes), blood, concentration

121
Q

Diabetes and UTIs

A

More susceptible b/c of keatones (sugar) in urine

122
Q

Reasons for catheterization

A

Relieving urinary retention
Prolonged patient immobilization
Obtaining sterile urine specimen
Accurate measurement of urinary output in critically ill
Assisting in healing open sacral or perineal wounds in incontinent patients
Emptying before, during or after surgery and diagnostic exams
Improved comfort for end of life care

123
Q

Transient incontinence

A

Appears suddenly and lasts 6 months or less

124
Q

Mixed incontinence

A

Urine loss with features of two or more types of incontinence

125
Q

Overflow incontinence

A

Overdistention and overflow of bladder

126
Q

Functional Incontinence

A

Caused by factors outside the urinary tract
(Can’t get to bathroom b/c lose of function)
Ex: need walker

127
Q

Reflex incontinence

A

Emptying of the bladder without sensation of need ro void

128
Q

Total incontinence

A

Continuous, unpredictable loss of urine

129
Q

Stress Incontinence

A

Involuntary loss of urine related to an increase in intra-abdominal pressure
Ex: laughing or scared

130
Q

Breasts

A

Paired mammary glands
Produce and store milk that provides nourishment for newborns
Aid in sexual stimulation

131
Q

Anatomy of breast

A

Nipple, Areola
Montgomery glands
Four quadrants
Glandular, fibrous, and fatty tissue, major axillary lymph nodes

132
Q

Most common cancer in women

A

Breast cancer

133
Q

Breast exam preparation

A

Client sitting in an upright position arm behind head
Expose both breasts **
Inspect and palpate: encompass whole breast and tale of Spence (armpit)

134
Q

Retraction and dimpling on breast exam

A

Signs of tumors

135
Q

Palpation of breasts

A

Texture and elasticity
Tenderness and temp
Masses: loco, size, shape, mobility, consistency, tenderness
Milky discharge only normal when pregnant
Mastectomy/lumpectomy sites

136
Q

Gynecomastia

A

Enlarging of male breast

137
Q

Peau d’orange

A

Boob peeling from swelling

138
Q

Piaget disease

A

Can cause redness, drying of nipples and skin around

139
Q

Retracted nipple and dimpling

A

Signs of cancer

140
Q

Mastitis

A

Red, swelling, heat, tenderness
Can happen when breastfeeding

141
Q

Cancerous tumors vs benign breast disease

A

Cancerous don’t move and are fixed
Benign come and go with time of month

142
Q

Expected changes in aging females breasts

A

Decrease in size
Decrease in firmness
Glandular tissue decreases and fatty tissue increases

143
Q

Rhinitis

A

Nasal passage inflammation
Causes congestion and runny nose

144
Q

Sizes of head

A

Microcephalic
Macrocephalic
Measure each well child visit until 3

145
Q

Hirsutism

A

Excessive hair growth
Polycystic ovary syndrome can case

146
Q

TMJ

A

Temporal mejibular joint syndrome
Can hear jaw popping when opening or closing

147
Q

Sinuses assessment

A

Transilluminate - pen light should “shine through”
Palpation
Percussion - if dull is infected

148
Q

Thrush

A

White film on tongue
Can be caused by antibiotics or weak immune system

149
Q

Cobblestoning

A

Pink and white patterning of healthy tonsils

150
Q

Tonsil grading

A

Want +1
+2 is a little inflammation but not bad
+3 is a worse
+4 is infection

151
Q

Uvula

A

Should move up when patient says ahhhh

152
Q

Luekaplakia

A

Lesions, ulcers and nodules

153
Q

Slernocleidomastoid

A

Neck muscle that connects skull to sternum and clavicle

154
Q

Trapezius

A

Large muscle in back of neck that helps with balance and movement

155
Q

Salivary Glands

A

Parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual

156
Q

Neck exam

A

Evaluate range of motion
Stenocleidomastoid
Trapezius
Scalene

157
Q

Lymph nodes assessment

A

Size shape consistency definition mobility and tenderness

158
Q

Exophthalmos

A

Bulgin of the eyes

159
Q

Goiter

A

Lump in thyroid
Could be iron deficiency, inflamed, meds, prego, radiation exposure

160
Q

Anterior thyroid exam

A

Use pads of fingers of one hand to find thyroid
Cricoid cartilage, then move inferiorly to find the isthmus
Work laterally between trachea and sternocleidomastoid muscle to feel one thyroid lobe for masses
Ask to swallow
Thyroid should move superiorly
Feel for masses as swallow
Repeat for other lobe

161
Q

Posterior thyroid exam

A

Reach around from behind and follow same steps as anterior

162
Q

Auscultation of thyroid

A

Listen for bruits using diaphragm if gland is enlarged

163
Q

Anuria

A

Failure of the kidneys to produce urine

164
Q

Bacteriuria

A

Condition that occurs when bacteria enters the bladder during catheterization, or when organisms migrate up the catheter lumen or the urethra into the bladder
Bacteria in the urine

165
Q

Bladder scan

A

Noninvasive portable tool for diagnosing, managing and treating urinary outflow dysfunction

166
Q

Dysuria

A

Painful urination

167
Q

Hematuria

A

Blood in the urine, if present in large enough quantities urine may be bright red or reddish brown

168
Q

Ileal conduit

A

Urinary diversion in which the ureters are connected to the ileum with a stoma created on the abdominal wall

169
Q

Micturition

A

Process of emptying the bladder, urination, voiding

170
Q

Oliguria

A

The production of abnormally small amounts of urine

171
Q

Polyuria

A

Production of abnormally large volumes of dilute urine

172
Q

Pyuria

A

The presence of pus in the urine, typically from bacterial infection

173
Q

Specific gravity

A

A characteristic of urine that can be determined with manufactured plastic strips or an instrument called a urinometer or hydrometer

174
Q

Stress incontinence

A

State in which the person experiences a loss of urine of less than 50 mL that occurs with increased abdominal pressure

175
Q

Urinary diversion

A

Surgical creation of an alternate route for excretion of urine

176
Q

Areola

A

Darkened area surrounding the nipple

177
Q

Breast clock

A

Method of describing the location in terms of time zones on the clock

178
Q

Cysts

A

Sac containing liquid/semisolid substance

179
Q

Dimpling

A

Retraction

180
Q

Nipple retraction

A

Being drawn or pulled back
When copper’s ligaments are invaded by Ca, becomes fibrotic, pulls back skin over lesion -> dimpling

181
Q

Nodules

A

Small mass of tissues in the form of swelling, protuberance

182
Q

Peau d’Orange

A

Orange peel consistency to the skin

183
Q

Peau d’Orange

A

Orange peel consistency to the skin

184
Q

Pendulous

A

Hanging loosely (breasts)

185
Q

Tail of Spence

A

The area extending into axillae from the upper outer quadrant of the breast

186
Q

Alopecia

A

Hair loss

187
Q

Canthus of eye (inner and outer)

A

Points where lower and upper lids meet

188
Q

Caries

A

Cavities, decay of teeth

189
Q

Cerumen

A

Wax in the external ear cancels, consisting of a heavy oil and brown pigment

190
Q

Cheilosis

A

Ulceration of the lips

191
Q

Edentulous

A

Without teeth

192
Q

Gingiva

A

Gums

193
Q

Gingivitis

A

Inflammation of the gingivae or gums

194
Q

Glossitis

A

Inflammation of the tongue

195
Q

Halitosis

A

Offensive breath

196
Q

Nares

A

Nose openings

197
Q

Pediculosis

A

Infestation with lice

198
Q

Periodontal disease

A

Destruction of tooth supporting structure, degeneration of the dental periosteum (tissues) and bone

199
Q

Plaque

A

Gummy mass of microorganisms on and around teeth

200
Q

Sordes

A

Accumulation of foul, brown crust on teeth and mucous membranes

201
Q

Stomatitis

A

Inflammation of the oral mucosa

202
Q

Tartar

A

Hard deposit on the teeth near the gum line formed by plaque buildup and dead bacteria

203
Q

Decubitus

A

Pressure ulcer, bedsore, area where skin tissue is destroyed, old term

204
Q

Dermis

A

Layer under epidermis, contains blood and nerves

205
Q

Diaphoresis

A

Profuse sweating

206
Q

Ecchymosis

A

Larger, irregularly formed hemorrhage area on skin

207
Q

Erythema

A

Redness of the skin

208
Q

Hematoma

A

Mass of blood

209
Q

Ischemia

A

Deficiency of blood in area

210
Q

Jaundice

A

Yellowing of skin

211
Q

Lentigo

A

Brown macula age spot

212
Q

Lesion

A

Pathologically altered skin

213
Q

Maceration

A

Process of softening a solid by steeping in fluid and sloughing of skin when wet for a long periods of time

214
Q

Macula

A

Small, flat area on skin

215
Q

Necrosis

A

Death of cells

216
Q

Pallor

A

Paleness of skin

217
Q

Papula

A

Small, raised area of the skin

218
Q

Petechia

A

Small, red/purple hemorrhagic pin-point spots on skin, from capillary bleeds

219
Q

Purpura

A

Red or purple spots as a result of minute hemorrhages within skin
Bigger then petechia

220
Q

Pustule

A

Elevation of skin filled with purulent material

221
Q

Striae

A

Lines or bands elevated above or depressed below surrounding tissue or differing color + texture

222
Q

Vesicle

A

Serous, small, fluid filled area on skin

321 assessment of clients (7 decks)

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