Test 3 Flashcards
Acute glomerulonephritis : S/S
- hematuria
- facial edema
- fluid overload
- SOB
- proteinuria
Acute glomerulonephritis : DX
- GFR - glomerular filtration rate
2. ASO titer - strep bacteria blood testing
Acute glomerulonephritis : TX
- antibiotics
- prevention of complications
- dialysis
Chronic glomerulonephritis : S/S
- Hypertension
- Fatigue
- Occasional edema
Chronic glomerulonephritis: DX
- U/A (urinalysis)
2. decreased kidney function
Chronic glomerulonephritis: TX
- diet + drug therapy management of hyperphosphatemia/ kalemia
- Amphogel - phosphate binder
Acute pyelonephritis: S/S
- flank/back pain
- fever
- N/V
- burning
- urgency
- costovertebral tenderness
Acute pyelonephritis: DX
U/A ( WBSs, C&S - culture and sensitivity)
Acute pyelonephritis: TX
- Antibiotics
2. Fluid intake
Chronic pyelonephritis: S/S
- Hypertension
- Na excretion
- Nocturia
Chronic pyelonephritis: DX
same as acute + KUB ( scarring, atrophy)
Chronic pyelonephritis: TX
- nephrectomy
2. pyelolithotomy ( camera - pelvis)
Urinary calculi - Urolithiasis
presence of calculi (stones) in the urinary tract
Urinary calculi : Patient care
- finish antibiotics ( prevent UTI)
- depending on the type of stones you had - diet may be restricted
- drink at least 3 L of fluid a day to dilute potentially stone-forming crystals;
- monitor urine pH ( 3 times a day)
Stress incontinence
most common type; loss of small amounts of urine during coughing, sneezing, jogging or lifting ; patients cannot tighten urethra sufficiently to overcome the increased detrusor pressure.
Urge incontinenece
perception of an urgent need to urinate as a result of bladder contractions regardless of the volume of urine in the bladder; often leak large amounts of urine at this time.
Mixed incontinence
combination of urge, stress and overflow incontinence
Overflow incontinence
occurs when the detrusor muscle fails to contract and the bladder become overdistended ; some urine must leak out to prevent bladder rupture
Functional incontinence
result of factor other than the abnormal function of the bladder and urethra ; E: loss of cognitive function in dementia patients.
Amphojel
Aluminum hydroxide gel ; phosphate binder; lower serum phosphate levels by binding phosphorus present in food - high P cause hypocalcemia and osteodystrophy; take with meals, separate from Digoxin 2 hr; take stool softener, watch for hypophosphatemia : muscle weakness, slow or irregular pulse, confusion.
Bactrim
sulfonamides; reduces bacteria in the urinary tract by direct killing and by inhibiting bacterial reproduction; sulfa allergies ?; full glass of water with each dose, 3L daily; keep out of the sun; complete drug regimen even if symptoms disappear.
Cipro
quinolones ; reduce bacteria in the urinary tract by direct killing and inhibiting bacterial reproduction ; do not crush or chew; 2 hr within taking antacid; take pulse - cardiac dysrythmias; keep out of the sun ; complete regimen.
Pyridium
bladder analgesic; reduces bladder pain and burning on urination; will not treat , just relieve symptoms; take with food - reduces GI disturbance; urine will turn red or orange.
Procrit
epoetin alfa; synthetic erythropoietin ; prevents anemia by stimulating RBC growth and maturation in the bone marrow.; Report: chest pain, difficulty breathing , high BP, rapid weigh gain, seizures, skin rush, swelling of feet and ankles - Risk for MI; Monitor hemoglobin- increase in blood viscosity - race BP- increasing risk for MI
