Test 2 - Pediatric Nutrition—Health Perspective

Question 1

Protein requirements

Answer 1

Late gestation and infancy is the time of highest protein accretion in human
life

Question 2

protein - 15 g/kg/d

Answer 2

Preterm infants

Question 3

protein - 6 g/kg/d

Answer 3

toddlers

Question 4

protein - 4 g/kg/d

Answer 4

adolescents

Question 5

Water soluble vitamins (B, C, folate) are ____ a problem in newborns and infants

Answer 5

rarely

Question 6

T/F: Fat soluble vitamins may present significant problems because of relatively poor fat absorption by newborn infants

Answer 6

TRUE

Question 7

prevent hemorrhagic disease of newborn; adequate thereafter due to synthesis by intestinal
bacteria

Answer 7

vitamin K

Question 8

low amounts in breast milk

Answer 8

vit D

Question 9

essential for normal structural collagen synthesis and retinal development

Answer 9

vit A

Question 10

antioxidant that protects against peroxidation of lipid membranes

Answer 10

vit E

Question 11

glucose and galactose (lactase)

Answer 11

lactose

Question 12

glucose and fructose (sucrase)

Answer 12

sucrose

Question 13

glucose and glucose (maltase)

Answer 13

maltose

Question 14

necessary for breaking down starches, are not adequate until >4 months

Answer 14

amylase

Question 15

protein digestion ->85% of ingested protein is absorbed in spite of functional immaturities

Answer 15

infancy

Question 16

contains more niacin, vitamin C, and is richer in fat and sugar than cow’s milk

Answer 16

human milk

Question 17

high fat content, immunoglobulins, lasts approximately 5-7 days

Answer 17

Colostrum

Question 18

higher water content

Answer 18

Foremilk

Question 19

after “let down”, contains higher fat and nutrients

Answer 19

Hindmilk

Question 20

reduces the prevalence of childhood diseases and protects the infant from chronic disease and the mother from bone demineralization and cancer.

Answer 20

drinking human milk

Question 21

promotes adequate growth, but not brain and immunologic development compared to human
milkCow’s milk (not formula) is contraindicated in the first year of life

Answer 21

infant formula

Question 22

Growth rates are most rapid in the first ___ months of human life

Answer 22

6

Question 23

Introduce solids at ___ months, one food at a time—avoid sugar and salt

Answer 23

6

Question 24

BMI Below ___ is optimal

Answer 24

22

Question 25

T/F: Children are the best judge of how much they eat, and parents are the best judge of what they
should eat

Answer 25

TRUE

Question 26

murmur barely audible with stethoscope

low murmur that is low

medium intensity murmur without a thrill

Answer 26

I
II
III

Question 27

medium intensity with a thrill, relatively loud and palpable

loudest murmur

murmur heard with stethoscope off the chest

Answer 27

IV
V
VI

Question 28

T/F: Fracture is an osteoporotic site much as the spine, hip or wrist, confers a 4-5 fold risk of subsequent fracture.

Answer 28

TRUE

Question 29

Antiosteoblastic effect, Antiestrogen effect and Inhibits production of non-
5
ovarian estrogen

Answer 29

smokers via osteoporosis

Question 30

associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis—may be due to advanced glycosylation end products interfering with bone microarchitecture.

Answer 30

diabetes via osteoporosis

Question 31

T/F: excessive thyroid hormone replacement increases bone turnover and accelerates osteoporosis

Answer 31

TRUE

Question 32

Hip fractures sometimes occur after apparent non-traumatic stress if the femoral neck is severely ___

Answer 32

osteoporotic

Question 33

Pill rolling, Bradykinesia, Mask-like facial expression, Depression and Micrographia

Answer 33

parkinson’s dz

Question 34

measures a broad range of cognitive functions, including orientation, immediate and delayed recall, attention and visual spatial function

Answer 34

The 30 point mini mental state Exam (MMSE)

Question 35

T/F: a score of 23 or less on the MMSE is consistent with dementia but educational level, age, depression and other conditions that affect cognitive function can alter performance on this test.

Answer 35

TRUE