Pregnancy overview

Question 1

what hormones increase with pregnancy

Answer 1

 Increasing levels of
Estradiol and
progesterone  Placental hormones
(HCG)

Question 2

Increasing levels of estrodial
stimulates lactotrophs in the
anterior lobe of the pituitary gland,
resulting in increased \_\_\_\_\_
output, which readies the breast for
lactation

Answer 2

prolactin

Question 3

\_\_\_\_ resets the receptors for thirst
and ADH release, leading to
decreases in serum sodium
concentration and possibly,
polyuria.

Answer 3

Human Chorionic Gonadotropin

HCG

Question 4

Fluctuations in free \_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_ levels
and in TSH occur as a result of
HCG stimulation on TSH receptors
and estrogen effects on thyroxine-
binding globulin

Answer 4

T3 and T4

Question 5

\_\_\_\_ and \_\_\_\_  lower
esophogeal tone,
contributing to
symptoms of reflux
and heartburn

Answer 5

Progesterone and

estradiol

Question 6

Increased levels of
corticotrophin-
releasing hormone
(CRH) and ACTH
trigger \_\_\_\_\_

Answer 6

labor

Question 7

uterus becomes easily palpable beyond

Answer 7

12-14 weeks

Question 8

by week ____ the uterus straightens

Answer 8

12

Question 9

vagina becomes bluish due to increased vascularity

Answer 9

chadwick sign

Question 10

palpable softening of the vaginal isthmus

Answer 10

hegars sign

Question 11

thin, pink bands which appear as a result of tearing of the collagen in the dermis and stretching of the skin

Answer 11

straie gravidarum

Question 12

by day seven the embryo resembles a microscopic ____ and implants into the lining of the uterus

Answer 12

rasberry

Question 13

by the end of ___ weeks, a rudimentary heart tube begins to beat and circulate the blood

Answer 13

3

Question 14

By the end of the ___ week, baby is the size of a green pea (or about 0.4
inches).

Answer 14

5th

Question 15

At ____ weeks, baby is around an inch long or the size of a small olive.

Answer 15

7

Question 16

Researchers estimate that by ___ weeks, one hundred thousand new nerve
cells are created every minute.

Answer 16

7

Question 17

At ___ weeks, baby is around the size of a large olive at 1½ inches long and
½ ounce in weight.

Answer 17

8

Question 18

weeks ____ The fetus is about the size of a peach

Answer 18

13-16

Question 19

By ____ weeks, baby’s nostrils open.

Answer 19

24th

Question 20

most babies will flip to the head-down

position by ___ weeks.

Answer 20

34

Question 21

Though some women still
have occasional “green” days, especially in the
fourth month, most report that in their ____
trimester daylong nausea subsides and their
appetite for food – and sex – returns. Most mothers
also get much of their energy back this trimester.

Answer 21

middle (month 4)

Question 22

This month Mommy reaches a milestone in her
pregnancy – believe it or not, she’s halfway
there!

Answer 22

month 5

Question 23

The final trimester begins, and Mommy’s thoughts

turn toward giving birth

Answer 23

month 7

Question 24

Mommy will spend most of her ___ month

“in labor.”

Answer 24

9th

Question 25

total body weight gain by end of pregnancy

Answer 25

``` 30lb  Baby – 7½ pounds  Enlargement of uterus – 2 pounds  Placenta – 1½ pounds  Amniotic fluid – 2 pounds  Breast enlargement – 2 pounds  Extra blood and fluid volume – 8 pounds  Extra fat stores – 7 pounds ```

Question 26

weight gain progression

Answer 26

4lb - first trimester | 1lb pound per week after

Question 27

T/F:hormonal changes are the cause of these headaches, but it is likely that the tremendous emotional and physical changes that accompany pregnancy also contribute to headaches.

Answer 27

TRUE

Question 28

Severe, persistent headaches (especially those accompanied by blurred vision) during the third trimester may be a sign of _____ and should be reported to the doctor.

Answer 28

high blood pressure

Question 29

The same pregnancy hormones and increased blood volume that cause increased vaginal discharge also cause the mucous membranes in the nose to swell, secrete fluid, and produce an annoying _____

Answer 29

post-nasal drip.

Question 30

many women show a surge in sexual desire. It is not uncommon for men, enjoying the new erotic feelings of their mates; to feel that the sex they didn't get earlier was worth waiting for.

Answer 30

second trimester

Question 31

T/F: hortly after eating, and sometimes even between meals, many pregnant women belch and burp frequently and experience a burning, irritating sensation just below their breastbone.

Answer 31

TRUE

Question 32

_____ is a disorder that occurs only during pregnancy and the postpartum period and affects both the mother and the unborn baby. Happens around 20 weeks

Answer 32

Preeclampsia | even women with rapid advancing dz report few symptoms

Question 33

_____ follows preeclampsia, a serious complication of pregnancy that includes high blood pressure and excess and rapid weight gain. Seizures (convulsions) in a pregnant woman that are not related to a preexisting brain condition.

Answer 33

Eclampsia

Question 34

THE BABY'S BOTTOM COMES FIRST, AND HIS OR HER LEGS ARE FLEXED AT THE HIP AND EXTENDED AT THE KNEES

Answer 34

frank breech

Question 35

THE BABY'S HIPS AND KNEES ARE FLEXED SO THAT THE BABY IS SITTING CROSSLEGGED, WITH FEET BESIDE THE BOTTOM.

Answer 35

complete breech

Question 36

ONE OR BOTH FEET COME FIRST, WITH THE BOTTOM AT A HIGHER POSITION.

Answer 36

footlong breech

Question 37

THE BABY IS IN A KNEELING POSITION, WITH ONE OR BOTH LEGS EXTENDED AT THE HIPS AND FLEXED AT THE KNEES – EXTREMELY RARE!

Answer 37

kneeling breech

Question 38

assessing and correcting any misalignments (subluxations) in the pelvic and low back area. This helps to keep the ligaments and muscles, which support the uterus, relaxed.

Answer 38

webster technique

Question 39

``` The _____ extends from the lateral portion of the uterus, arising somewhat below and anterior to that of the origin of the oviducts. ```

Answer 39

round ligament

Question 40

``` Each ______ extends from an attachment posteriorlaterally to the supravaginal portion of the cervix to encircle the rectum and thence insert into the fascia over the second and third sacral vertebrae. ```

Answer 40

uterosacral | ligament

Question 41

For most women the latent phase is | the easiest part of labor; it's also the longest.

Answer 41

early phase labor

Question 42

usually occur every 3- 5 minutes and last 45-60 seconds. Women often describe active labor contractions as waves starting at the top of the uterus and going to the bottom, or from the back radiating around to the front. This is also the phase of labor when the membranes are most likely to rupture and produce a gush of fluid as the water breaks.

Answer 42

active phase

Question 43

moving from the first stage of labor – stretching the pelvic passages open -- into the second stage, pushing baby out.  Transition is the most intense phase of the entire labor, but the good news is it's the shortest, usually lasting only 15 minutes to an hour and a half.

Answer 43

transition phase

Question 44

 Helping to push the baby out.  Contractions may now be less painful and are further apart, around 3-5 minutes from the beginning of one to the beginning of the next.

Answer 44

second stage of labor

Question 45

baby's head appears.

Answer 45

crowning

Question 46

For days, sometimes weeks, after birth, the uterus continues | to discharge leftover blood and tissue, called

Answer 46

lochia