test 2: chapter 8

Question 1

news culture

Answer 1

Need for accurate information•Presenting information efficiently•Economic health of organization•Deadlines•Individual and corporate integrity

Question 2

news values

Answer 2

Impact – changes people’s lives
Timeliness – when did it happen
•Prominence – who’s involved
•Proximity – where did it happen
•Conflict – disagreement is news
•Bizarre/Unusual – not the norm
•Currency – must be interesting now

Question 3

six basic questions

Answer 3

Who?What?Where?When?Why?How?

Question 4

inverted pyramid

Answer 4

Most important info goes at the top, less-importantinfo is at the bottom

Question 5

lead

Answer 5

First paragraph
Focuses the point of the entire story
Typically answers who, what, where and when

Question 6

Second paragraph

Answer 6

Expands the lead with more information

Question 7

WHY USE INVERTED PYRAMID?

Answer 7

Reader can decide quickly whether to stay with the story
Efficiently organizes information
Don’t use chronological order
Allows for editing
Cut the bottom, won’t ruin the story

Question 8

JAMES GORDON BENNETT

Answer 8

Founded the New York Herald in 1835

Question 9

Herald’s Innovations

Answer 9

Subscribers had to pay in advance
•Created personals column and required advertisers to change their ads every day
•Considered timely news to be most valuable
•Set up correspondents in Washington and across Europe
•Pioneer in sports, business and women’s news

Question 10

Joseph Pulitzer

Answer 10

Joseph Pulitzer bought the New York World in 1883

Question 11

New York World

Answer 11

Heavy focus on news
•Heavy use of illustrations and photographs
•Heavy focus on immigrants
•Pulitzer’s history with the Statue of Liberty ($200,000 base, statue erected in 1886)
•Promoted “stunt journalism”
•Elizabeth Cochrane, aka Nellie Bly
•Ten Days in a Mad-house

Question 12

William Randolph Hearst

Answer 12

William Randolph Hearst was exceedingly wealthy. He took over the San Francisco Examiner from his father in 1887 and tried to copy Pulitzer’s style. Bought the New York Journal in 1895

Question 13

yellow journalism style

Answer 13

Multi-column headlines
•Lots of illustrations, photos, and graphics
•Experimented with layout and color
•Blatant self-promotion
•Inclined toward activism
•Relied on anonymous sources

Question 14

FOUNDATIONS OF JOURNALISM

Answer 14

Separation of editorial and business operations (p. 229)
Fairness and balance in news coverage
Objectivity (p. 223)
Framing the news
Expert sources
Ethics