test 2 Flashcards
re-explain the traditional view of health
- biopsychosocial model
- focuses on biological, psychological, and social reasons for illness
- criticized because it still focuses too much on bio
- all three elements influence one another
how can hormones influence health
they can influence immune response
explain how emotions can influence physical health
- may increase likelihood of engaging in certain unhealthy behaviors
- increase in eating and eating of unhealthy foods
what is the wellness model
builds on biopsychosocial model
- includes biological, psychological, and social
- also includes spirituality and quality of life
what is quality of life?
- life satisfaction
- money, education, ability to receive health care, and population density in your area
what is the world happiness report
- landmark survey of the state of global happiness
- ranks countries by happiness levels
- ask to rank happiness on ladder
what are the global results of the world happiness report
- no countries at highest or lowest levels of happiness
- US ranked 18th (GDP, social support, life expectancy, freedom, generosity and corruption plays role)
- Finland, Norway, Denmark, Ireland are happiest
- US happiness has declined over the years (statistically significant, declined more than researchers predicted)
what are the misperceptions people have about how happy other people are
- we underestimate self-reported happiness
- South Korea predicted 24% are happy, but 90% are actually happy
- highest guesses are Canada and Norway
can money buy happiness?
- research shows that this is true
- people in richer countries tend to be happier and within all countries richer people tend to be happier
what is the definition of the five virtues
the factors that are most strongly associated with life satisfaction
what are the five virtues
1) hope: optimism and future mindedness
2) curiosity: interest and openness to experience
3) zest: vitality, energy and enthusiasm
4) love: valuing close relationships
5) gratitude: appreciation for the good
explain the “reliability” of the satisfaction with good life scale
has good reliability when doing test-retest
what does the holistic model of health do
stresses the importance of the mind and spirituality
-important for psychological treatment
what is considered mainstream or conventional medicine or treatments
western medicine given by doctors with pHd
what does CAMs stand for
complementary and alternative medicine
what is alternative medicine
using an unconventional approach to treatment as your only form of treatment
what is complementary medicine
blending of treatments combining both mainstream and alternative approaches
what are some categories of alternative methods
- natural products
- mind-body practices
people use them for wellness or treating a health condition
explain the natural products in US
- fish oil is most common
- essential oils also common
explain essential oils
- mixture of findings right now
- effectiveness differed between oils and disorders
useful for treating: sleep disturbance, anxiety in nonclinical populations, certain bacteria and fungal infections
-this could be the placebo effect but it doesn’t matter because it still works
not useful in treating: stress, hypertension
explain some detail from the 10 most common complementary health approaches
- natural products most common
- deep breathing and mediation
- homeopathy is separate category
what are homeopathic treatments
- distinct from herbal supplements and remedies
- small doses of natural substances intended to mimic your body’s symptoms to specific illnesses (“like cures like” and “law of minimum dose”)
- regulated by FDA, but does not evaluate safety or effectiveness
treatments don’t actually work, no evidence
what are mind body practices and their trends
-focuses on physical manipulation of practices
trends:
- no change for guided imagery, acupuncture or progressive relaxation
- decrease in massage therapy
- increase in yoga and meditation
is there examples / evidence of pseudoscience?
-there have been several studies within the last few years that support spinal manipulation as an effective option for back conditions/ pain