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BIO 201 > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

This is the prominent bump at base of neck

A

vertebra prominens

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2
Q

These are the bones ends

A

Epiphysis

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3
Q

Provides an attachment for temporal muscle on mandible

A

coronoid process

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4
Q

This layer of spongy bone that is rich in red marrow (produces rbc’s) is called?

A

diploë

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5
Q

cranial bones, sternum, ribs, scapula, are examples of what type of bones?

A

flat bones

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6
Q

This part of the humerous is know as the “pulley”

A

trochlea

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7
Q

This is found between the tubercles, for passage of tendon from biceps

A

intertubercular groove

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8
Q

What is the internal bone surface (next to medullary cavity) called?

A

endosteum

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9
Q

This is?

A

alveolar process

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10
Q
A

medial border

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11
Q

Sutures where extra bones where cranial plates are formed

A

wormian

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12
Q

attaches muscles of tongue and neck

A

styloid process

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13
Q

What is the midline of supraorbital ridge called?

A

glabella

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14
Q

This is?

A

ischium

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15
Q

C3 -C6 the spinous process is forked and looks like a snakes tounge

A

bifid

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16
Q

What is number 9?

A

Diaphysis

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17
Q

These are small rounded and flat bones

A

sesamoid

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18
Q

blue is?

A

medial phalanges

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19
Q

This is ?

A

nasal bone

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20
Q

A is ?

A

acromial end

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21
Q
A

ischial ramus

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22
Q

Inorganic materials primarily calcium salts are apart of what bone function?

A

Mineral Storage

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23
Q

“cap placed”, where radius articulates

A

capitulum

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24
Q

F is the?

A

trochlea

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25
Q

Number 28 is ?

A

parietal bones

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26
Q

Slide 5 CH 6 pt 2

A
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27
Q

This type of hyaline cartilage supports external nose

A

nasal cartilages

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28
Q

pad of fibrocartilage connecitng ishium

A

pubic symphysis

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29
Q

What is the double-layered membrane on surface of bone with many nerve fibers and blood vessels

A

periosteum

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30
Q

“the thinker”, nerves and blood vessels to lower lip, chin

A

mental foramen

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31
Q

What is the long axis of the body that includes most bones that enclose organs

A

Axial skeleton

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32
Q

cheek bones

A

zygomatic bones

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33
Q

Number three is?

A

cribriform plate

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34
Q

23 is?

A

anterior superior iliac spines

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35
Q

This is found on the forontal bone and allows for arteries and nerves to pass through the parietal bone

A

supraorbital foramen

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36
Q

This vertabra does not have a spinous process

A

Atlas

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37
Q
A

coracoid process

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38
Q

These____ irregular bones that make up the face are called?

A

14, facial bones

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39
Q

known as the thumb

A

pollex

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40
Q
A

humerus

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41
Q
A

pubis

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42
Q
A

clavicle

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43
Q

What are two areas where Elastic Cartilage can be found

A

a. pinna- external ear
b. epiglottis - helps cover opening of larynx during swallowing

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44
Q

“plow”, base of nasal septum

A

vomer

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45
Q

This is?

A

maxilla

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46
Q

bump on back of head

A

external occipital protuberance

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47
Q

form cranial floor and part of the orbits

A

greater and lesser wings

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48
Q

“hides behind mandible”, not attached to other bones, movable base for the tongue attachment

A

hyoid bone

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49
Q

articulates with temporal bone at the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

A

mandibular condyle

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50
Q

form the hinge joint with the humerus

A

trochlear or semilunar notch

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51
Q

G is?

A

neck

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52
Q

The black arrow is pointing to?

A

annulus fibrosus

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53
Q

This type of hyaline cartilage can be found connects ribs to sternum

A

costal cartilage

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54
Q

A is?

A

greater wing

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55
Q

C is

A

greater tubercle

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56
Q

Name these structures

A

occipital condyles

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57
Q

“sword like” landmark during CPR

A

xiphoid process

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58
Q

Five is?

A

middle conchae

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59
Q

What is the front part of lower jaw

A

body of the mandible

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60
Q

What are the five functions of bones?

A

support, protection, movement, Mineral Storage, and Hematopoiesis

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61
Q

honey-combed area of ethmoid bone

A

left and right lateral masses and ethmoid sinuses

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62
Q

This is the?

A

Pelvic girdle

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63
Q

Name the bones in the Axial Skeleton

A

skull, vertebral column and rib cage

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64
Q

arm or brachium, “funny bone“

A

humerus

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65
Q

These are immovable joints with fibrous connective tissue

A

sutures

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66
Q

C is?

A

vertebral foramen

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67
Q

The inner layer of the periosteum is called the?

A

osteogenic layer

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68
Q

attaches deltoid muscle on shaft of humerous

A

deltoid tuberosity

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69
Q

This is ?

A

mandibular notch

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70
Q

for air turbulence in nasal cavity

A

inferior nasal concha

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71
Q

ribs 8-12 are?

A

false ribs

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72
Q

Number 4 is?

A

Medullary Cavity

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73
Q

These are the steps in ?

  1. in fetus, select mesenchymal cells form osteoblasts
  2. osteoblasts form ossification center, secreting osteoid
  3. ossification occurs slowly within the osteoid matrix
  4. trapped osteoblasts become osteocytes (in lacunae)
A

Intramembranous Ossification

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74
Q
A

sacral hiatus

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75
Q

This is?

A

ischial spine

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76
Q

a.where you’re sitting, where walking muscles attach

A

ischial tuberosity

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77
Q

A is?

A

coronoid fossa

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78
Q

The outer layer of the periosteum is madeup of what type of dense connective tissue?

A

dense irregular connective tissue

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79
Q

Cartilage: mostly ____________ ; makes it ______________; also has proteins and fibers

A

water, springy

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80
Q

breast bone, looks like a “Greek dagger”

A

sternum

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81
Q

This part of the axial skeleton protects brain and guards entrance to digestive and respiratory system

A

skull

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82
Q

This is found around entire shaft and helps to resist twisting of bone

A

circumferential lamellae

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83
Q

attachment points for muscles on illium

A

superior iliac spines

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84
Q

hematopoiesis is the formation of ?

A

red blood cells

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85
Q
A

head of radius

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86
Q

This cartilage has parallel rows of chondrocytes alternate with collagen

A

Fibrocartilage

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87
Q

This region goes through the center of the osteon;
contains blood vessels and nerves

A

Haversian canal

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88
Q

1st step in Endochondral Ossification

A

Starts in the diaphysis known as the Primary ossification center

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89
Q

Name purple region

A

xiphoid process

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90
Q

Area in spine where there is no intervertebral disc

A

Between Atlas and Axis or C1 and C2

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91
Q

This lines the interior of the medulary cavity?

A

endosteum

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92
Q

This is for for blood vessels and nerves found between S1-S5

A

sacral foramen

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93
Q

form cheekbones with zygomatic bone

A

zygomatic processes of maxilla

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94
Q

Name colored region

A

parietal bones

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95
Q

A medical procedure where there is a tap usually done between L3 and L4

A

lumbar puncture: spinal tap

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96
Q

Desnse bone is called

A

compact bone

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97
Q

passage for the sciatic nerve on illium

A

greater sciatic notch

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98
Q

This spinous processes is long and points down sharply

A

thoracic

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99
Q

Name this

A

styloid process

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100
Q

This is called the “cock’s comb”, attaches dura mater, secures brain

A

crista galli

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101
Q
A

capitulum

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102
Q

This is growth of cartilage from (between cells)

  • chondrocytes within growth area secrete matrix between cells
A

interstitial growth

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103
Q

external ear canal

A

external auditory meatus

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104
Q

connects the radius and ulna

A

interosseous membrane

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105
Q

What is number 8 ?

A

Proximal Epiphysis

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106
Q

Connective tissues are composed of cells surrounded by a ?

A

extracellular matrix

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107
Q

This type of cartilage helps with support, flexibility and resilience.

A

Hyaline Cartilage

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108
Q

gap in back between S4 and S5

A

sacral hiatus

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109
Q
A

hyoid bone

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110
Q

________ cartilage has spherical _________ fibers in its matrix and is the most abundant ___cartilage

A

hyaline, collagen, skeletal

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111
Q

“big hole” for spinal cord

A

foramen magnum

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112
Q

notch for for nerve passage

A

suprascapular notch

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113
Q

This is?

A

mandibular condyle

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114
Q

This is?

A

mandibular fossa

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115
Q
A

styloid process of radius

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116
Q

The red arrow is pointing to?

A

nucleus pulposus

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117
Q

calcaneous and patellae are two examples of what type of bone

A

sesamoid

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118
Q

B is?

A

lateral epicondyles

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119
Q

This opening in the bone allows for nerve fibers, blood vessels & lymphatic vessels to interior of the bone

A

nutrient foramen

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120
Q

What are the three long bones of the legs ?

A

femur, tibia, fibula

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121
Q

holds teeth in place

A

alveolar process

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122
Q

A-D

A

scaphoid, lunate, triquetal, pisiform (Sally left the party)

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123
Q

rotates around the ulna

A

radius

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124
Q

Name of swayback?

A

lordosis

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125
Q

“Ole’s crayon”, cavity in back of elbow

A

olecrannon fossa

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126
Q

largest of the 3 fused coxic bones

A

ilium

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127
Q

Suture across the top of the head, parietal/frontal

A

coronal

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128
Q

lateral area of scapula articulates with humerus

A

glenoid fossa

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129
Q

part of vertebrae with “centrum” this is also weight bearing

A

vertebral body

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130
Q

lower jaw, largest, strongest bone of the face

A

mandible

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131
Q

This type of bone has inside areas of bone with open spaces

A

spongy bone (trabecular bone

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132
Q

These turbinates help air move in nose

A

superior and middle conchae

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133
Q

What is an example of a short bone found in the wrist?

A

carpal

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134
Q

These are little beams that strengthen areas of stress found in spongy bone

A

trabeculae

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135
Q
A

acetabulum

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136
Q
A

acromion process

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137
Q

anchors the biceps muscle found on radius

A

radial tuberosity

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138
Q

What is the name of this suture?

A

squamosal

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139
Q

this bone stands on its head

A

head of ulna

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140
Q
A

inferior nasal concha

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141
Q

inflammation of connective tissues squeeze tendons and median nerve causing pain, and loss of mobility

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

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142
Q

What is the name of this suture?

A

coronal suture

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143
Q

part of radius that is knob-like, a head on a nail

A

head

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144
Q

small bone at the base of the pelvis

A

pubis

145
Q

A is?

A

body

146
Q

These are found on the humerus for muscle attachment

A

greater and lesser tubercles

147
Q

shoulder blades, flat side near ribs

A

scapula

148
Q

This is called?

A

sella turcica

149
Q

This is?

A

infraorbital foramen

150
Q
A

Ilium

151
Q
A

palatine bones

152
Q

articulates with palatine bone to form hard palate

A

palatine process

153
Q

These are paired walls of the cranium

A

parietal bones

154
Q

hematopoiesis is found in flat bones but it is also found in irregualr bones such as the ?

A

, coxae

155
Q

What are the two long bones of the hands?

A

metacarpals & phalanges

156
Q
A

pectoral girdle

157
Q

“Turkish saddle” holds pituitary; upper part of body

A

sella turcica

158
Q

“beyond the carpals” palm of hand, heads make knuckles

A

metacarpals

159
Q

This is the shaft of the long bone?

A

Diaphysis

160
Q

“extreme end of the spine”, fastens to clavicle

A

acromion process

161
Q

F is?

A

deltoid tuberosity

162
Q

What is the remnant of epiphyseal plate in adults

A

epiphyseal line

163
Q

periosteum has what two layers

A

outer and inner layers

164
Q

What is this called?

A

foramen magnum

165
Q
A

sternum body

166
Q

This is where olfactory nerves pass through holes

A

cribriform plate

167
Q

What is this called?

A

zygomatic process of temporal bone

168
Q

Open porous bone is called

A

spongy bone

169
Q

pterodactyl, attach muscles for chewing

A

pterygoid processes

170
Q

Spongy bone is filled with_______marrow

A

red

171
Q

This is a fat found in the Medullary Cavity

A

yellow marrow

172
Q

keystone of face

A

maxilla

173
Q
A

head of ulna

174
Q

“near little finger” “crescent wrench”

A

ulna

175
Q

Found in C1-C6 this allows blood vessels to travel the brain

A

transverse foramen

176
Q

This is the forarm

A

antebrachium

177
Q

This forms vertebral canal for spinal cord

A

vertebral foramen

178
Q

This type of bone is found in high stress areas?

A

compact bone

179
Q

There are low levels of hematopoiesis found in these areas of spongy bone

A

heads of femur and humerus

180
Q

“slipped disc”, rupture of annulus fibrosus and protrusion of pulposus, causes pain/numbness, presses on the spinal cord or spinal nerves

A

herniated disc

181
Q

This type of hyaline cartilage reinforce respiratory tubes

A

bronchial cartilage

182
Q

This is?

A

mandibular foramen

183
Q
A

vertebral column

184
Q

Names these bones

A

zygomatic bones

185
Q

Name number 8

A

Forntal bone

186
Q
A

sternum

187
Q

how most human bones are formed

A

Endochondral Ossification

188
Q

articulates with ribs 2-7

A

sternum body

189
Q

D is?

A

spinous process

190
Q

immovable joints with fibrous connective tissue

A

sutures

191
Q
A

sacral foramen

192
Q

This lambdoidal suture is found around the edge of the temporal bone

A

squamosal

193
Q

Suture around the edge of the temporal bone

A

squamosal

194
Q

This is the membrane around cartilage

A

perichondrium

195
Q

This is called

A

pterygoid processes

196
Q

“handle” articulates with first rib, has a jugular notch

A

manubrium

197
Q

joint for jaw (TMJ) jaw; “clicks”

A

mandibular fossa

198
Q

D is ?

A

body

199
Q

This type of bone has a relatively complex shape

A

irregular bones

200
Q

This is?

A

mandible

201
Q

This type of cartilage is characterized as having more elastin fibers

A

Elastic Cartilage

202
Q

separates the coronoid process and mandibular condyle

A

mandibular notch

203
Q

Name for hunchback?

A

kyphosis

204
Q

This is ?

A

lacrimal bones

205
Q
A

superior border

206
Q

rim around base of head

A

neck

207
Q

These are mature bone cells in lacunae

A

osteocytes

208
Q

This is ?

A

zygomatic processes of maxilla

209
Q

part of nasal septum, “deviated septum” when not straight

A

perpendicular plate

210
Q

Posterior portion of mandible with several features

A

ramus

211
Q

Name this

A

temporal bone

212
Q

H is?

A

olecrannon fossa

213
Q

This is growth of cartilage from the outside (from perichondrium)

A

appositional growth

214
Q

This “pulp”, gives elasticity and compressibiltiy to . intervertebral discs

A

nucleus pulposus

215
Q

have lacrimal fossa: tear duct drains into nasal cavity

A

lacrimal bones

216
Q

2 fused coxae or innominate bones

A

Pelvic girdle

217
Q

form bridge of nose

A

nasal bones

218
Q

Blood cell formation in red bone marrow is called?

A

Hematopoiesis

219
Q

This part of bone fills gaps between forming osteons

A

interstitial lamellae

220
Q
A

ulna

221
Q

This area of a long bone has a thick collar of compact bone

A

Diaphysis

222
Q

What is this structure?

A

external occipital protuberance

223
Q

The most active area for hematopoiesis is in the?

A

diploë

224
Q

What is the cartilaginous area that provides for bone lengthening during growth

A

epiphyseal plate

225
Q

attaches to the pubis

A

ischial ramus

226
Q

5 is ?

A

ala

227
Q

collagen fibers that sew fibrous layer of periosteum into bone matrix

A

Sharpey’s fibers

228
Q

Bone of the forhead

A

frontal bone

229
Q

E-H

A

trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate (to take Cathy home)

230
Q
A
231
Q

Suture found on top of head, parietals

A

sagittal

232
Q

Vertebral bones are examples of what type of bones?

A

irregular bones

233
Q

The ilium, ishium, pubis are all irregular bones of the ?

A

pelvis

234
Q

openign allows for arteries and nerves to pass

A

supraorbital foramen

34

235
Q

inferior part of notch (coronoid - ulna)

A

coronoid process

236
Q

hard palate

A

palatine bones

237
Q

Number 2 is ?

A

left lateral mass

238
Q

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral are all called lumbar?

A

curvatures

239
Q

Ribs 11 and 12 are?

A

floating ribs

240
Q

green is?

A

proximal
phalanges

241
Q

What are the three types of cartilage?

A

Hyaline, Elastic, and Fibrocartilage

242
Q

B is?

A

lesser wing

243
Q

Know as your fingers

A

phalanges

244
Q
A
245
Q

This type of ossification includes how flat bones of skull & the clavicles are formed; formation of flat bones from fibrous tissue; occurs in layers

A

Intramembranous Ossification

246
Q
A

glenoid fossa

247
Q

These are cartilage cells; found in lacunae within extracellular matrix

A

chondrocytes

248
Q

These are found at right angles to osteons, for blood and nerve supply

A

perforating (Volkmann’s) canals

249
Q

This is the pivot for the altas found on the axis

A

odontoid process or dens

250
Q

Spongy bone produces?

A

red blood cells

251
Q

stabilizes medial side of wrist

A

styloid process

252
Q

What are the three long bones of the arm

A

humerus, radius, ulna

253
Q

The bones of the Appendicular Skeleton include ?

A

bones of arms & legs; pectoral and pelvic girdles

254
Q

When bone cartilge forms and a cavity begins to form in center of cartilage model this is what part of Endochondral Ossification?

A

Primary ossification

255
Q

where dentists inject Novocain

A

mandibular foramen

256
Q

small canals that connect lacunae to each other and to the central canal

A

canaliculi

257
Q

The primary role of this cartilage is flexability

A

Elastic Cartilage

258
Q

Name this

A

transverse foramen

259
Q

diploë is found sandwiched between compact bone in what type of bone?

A

flat bone

260
Q

What is the name for bone formation that includes ossification, bone development, remodeling and repair?

A

Osteogenesis

261
Q

Hematopoietic Tissues is what is reffered to as?

A

red bone marrow

262
Q

Number 1 is?

A

Crista gali

263
Q

lateral curvature

A

scoliosis

264
Q

This is?

A

mastoid process

265
Q

This is?

A

interveterbral foramen

266
Q

you can sometimes see sinuses on dental x-rays

A

maxillary sinus

needs pic

267
Q

“vinegar cup”, joint with femur

A

acetabulum

268
Q

Name three places where fibrocartialge can be found

A

menisci (pads) of knee

pubic symphysis-between coxae (hip bones)

intervertebral discs- between vertebrae

269
Q

22 is?

A

greater sciatic notch

270
Q

Six is?

A

perpendicular plate

271
Q

What is an example of a short bone found in the ankle?

A

tarsals

272
Q

concentric layers of extracellular matrix found within osteons

A

lamellae

273
Q

Name this location

A

interveterbral foramen

274
Q
A

lateral border

275
Q

This type of ossification is how most human bones are formed - bone tissue replaces a hyaline cartilage model

A

Endochondral Ossification

276
Q

osteoblasts and osteoclasts
are found in what layer of the periosteum?

A

Inner inner osteogenic layer

277
Q

Name number 9

A

glabella

278
Q

flaring upper part of the ilium

A

ala

279
Q

“beak of cuckoobird”, vestigial tailbone, fused 3-5 bones

A

coccyx

280
Q

B is?

A

vertebral “neural” arch

281
Q

3 triangular borders of scapula

A

superior, medial, lateral

282
Q
A

radial tuberosity

283
Q

This part of humerus articulates with the glenoid fossa

A

head of humerus

284
Q

Orange is?

A

distal phalanges

285
Q

very mobile, not very strong part of appendicular skeleton

A

pectoral girdle

286
Q

The outer menbrane of bone is called?

A

periosteum

287
Q

bone tissue replaces a hyaline cartilage model

A

Endochondral Ossification

288
Q

What is the name of this suture?

A

sagittal suture

289
Q

What is a long bone in the axial skeleton?

A

clavicles

290
Q

Green area is?

A

trochlear or semilunar notch

291
Q

This part of the long bone is covered by articular cartilage

A

Epiphysis

292
Q

D is?

A

sternal end

293
Q

These are internal air filled chambers that make bones lighter and have a mucus membrane lining

A

frontal sinuses

294
Q
A

olecranon process

295
Q

This suture may contain wormian bones, occipital/parietal

A

lambdoidal

296
Q

distal carpals

A

trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate (to take Cathy home)

297
Q

This is found between orbits, above nose

A

ethmoid bone

298
Q

Name this bone

A

occipital bone

299
Q

relatively thin, spongy bone found within layers of compact bone

A

flat bones

300
Q

Bone where hair turns white first

A

temporal bone

301
Q

Bone that is known as “butterfly”, keystone, sinuses

A

sphenoid bone

302
Q
A

coccyx

303
Q
A

coronoid process of ulna

304
Q

posterior point of the elbow

A

olecranon process

305
Q

Name this

A

sphenoid bone

306
Q

Elongated cylinders parallel to long axis of bone are called?

A

osteons

307
Q

internal air filled chambers, make bones lighter, mucus membrane lining

A

frontal sinuses

308
Q

opening below the eye for nerve and artery

A

infraorbital foramen

309
Q

These are extra bones as cranial plates are formed

A

wormian

310
Q

This type of hyaline cartilage forms the larynx

A

laryngeal cartilage

311
Q

This type of hyaline cartilage can be found covering the end of bones

A

articular cartilage

312
Q

D is?

A

lesser tubercles

313
Q
A

styloid process

314
Q

small wrist bones

A

carpals

315
Q

Bone on the back of the head

A

occipital bone

316
Q
A

obturator foramen

317
Q
A

suprascapular notch

318
Q

ring of “fibers” surrounds pulposus in intervertebral discs

A

annulus fibrosus

319
Q

“clavichord” means key

A

clavicle

320
Q

This articulates with 1st vertebra

A

occipital condyles

321
Q

These bones form the wall of the cranium (sides and back)

A

parietal bones

322
Q
A

ischial tuberosity

323
Q

flexible irregular bones that protect the spinal column

A

vertebral column or spine

324
Q

proximal carpals

A

scaphoid, lunate, triquetal, pisiform (Sally left the party)

325
Q

Known as the tuch

A

ischium

326
Q

E is?

A

facets

327
Q

4 is?

A

iliac crest

328
Q

name this

A

vertebra prominens

329
Q

stabilizes wrist under thumb found on radius

A

styloid process

330
Q

Ribs 1-7 are

A

ture ribs

331
Q

What is lacking in cartilage?

A

nerves and blood vessels

332
Q
A

vomer

333
Q

What are the two long bones of the feet?

A

metatarsals & phalanges

334
Q

This includes the skull yet excluding the mandible; includes flat bones that protect and contain the brain, and the bones of the facial skeleton

A

cranium

335
Q

A is?

A

head of humerus

336
Q

What is the name of this suture?

A

Lambdoid suture

337
Q

These vertabrae articulate with the ribs through demifacets

A

thoracic

338
Q

“crow’s beak” where pectoralis muscle attaches

A

coracoid process

339
Q

This is ?

A

coronoid process

340
Q

articulates with the zygomatic bone, cheek bone

A

zygomatic process

341
Q

Skeletal Cartilage is found where what movment is needed?

A

flexability

342
Q

This is?

A

mental foramen

343
Q

This is called?

A

external auditory meatus

344
Q

3 is?

A

metacarpals

345
Q

The central cavity of the long bone is the?

A

Medullary Cavity

346
Q

Blue area is?

A

interosseous membrane

347
Q

“massive” behind ear; anchors neck muscles

A

mastoid process

348
Q

end of ridge (posterior) of scapula

A

spinous process

349
Q

This internal membrane of bone covers spongy bone in marrow cavities

A

endosteum

350
Q

Name this

A

pterygoid processes

351
Q

a. can be compressed
b. great tensile strength
c. found in areas of high pressure

These are all characteristics of what type of cartilage

A

fibrocartilage

352
Q

This is?

A

ramus

353
Q

funny bone (ulnar nerve)

A

lateral epicondyles

354
Q

midline of supraorbital ridge

A

glabella

9

355
Q

Four is?

A

ethmoid sinuses

356
Q

These are known as shock absorbers

A

intervertebral discs

357
Q

What is number 10 ?

A

Distal Epiphysis

358
Q

E is?

A

intertubercular groove

359
Q

This part of the hand only has two phalanges

A

pollex

BIO 201 (12 decks)

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