Test 2

Question 1

What structure marks the anterior border of the caudate lobe of the liver?

Answer 1

Fissure for the ligamentum venosum

Question 2

You are performing a sonogram on a slender female and notice a long, thin extension of the inferior aspect of the right lobe of the liver. What does this most likely represent?

Answer 2

Reidels Lobe

Question 3

What is the function of the Kupffer cells of the liver?

Answer 3

Phagocytosis of bacteria

Question 4

What is the triangular shaped echogenic structure that can be demonstrated in the left lobe of the liver?

Answer 4

Ligamentum teres

Question 5

Which portion of the inferior vena cava is generally easier to visualize sonographically?

Answer 5

Retrohepatic portion

Question 6

What is the main supporting structure of the liver?

Answer 6

Coronary ligament

Question 7

Which is the thin capsule surrounding the liver?

Answer 7

Glissons capsule

Question 8

Name three identifying features of the portal veins

Answer 8

1. Their borders are usually more echogenic than hepatic veins
2. They emanate from the porta hepatis
3. Their coarse can be followed from the main portal vein to the two main branches, right & left.

Question 9

Which vessel courses within line with the main lobar fissure?

Answer 9

Middle hepatic vein

Question 10

What is the livers normal echogenic pattern?

Answer 10

Homogeneous throughout
Interrupted only by echoes emanating from the various vascular structures.

Question 11

Which vessels carry the majority of the blood and nutrient supply to the liver?

Answer 11

Portal veins

Question 12

The gallbladder fossa divides the liver into which two areas?

Answer 12

right lobe and quadrate lobe

Question 13

Which ligament connects the anterior abdominal wall to the liver?

Answer 13

Falciform ligament

Question 14

Name three functions of the liver

Answer 14

1. Storage of iron
2. Formation of clotting factors
3. Storage of vitamins A and D

Question 15

Name three things that indent the inferior surface of the liver?

Answer 15

1. Hepatic flexure of the colon
2. First part of the duodenum
3. Right adrenal gland

Note: NOT head of the pancreas

Question 16

What liver function test is the most specific indicator of biliary obstruction?

Answer 16

Alkaline phosphatase ALP

Question 17

Which lab test will show a decrease with hepatocellular disease?

Answer 17

Albumin

Question 18

Which serum lab tests is related to a blood clotting mechanism?

Answer 18

Prothrombin time

Question 19

Which liver function test is the most specific indicator of hepatocellular disease?

Answer 19

Alanine aminotransferase

Question 20

True/False

Fatty infiltration is a reversible condition of the liver

Answer 20

True

Question 21

What is the leading cause of cirrhosis worldwide?

Answer 21

Hepatitis B

Question 22

List two sonography appearances you can expect to find in the early stages of cirrhosis

Answer 22

1. Fatty infiltration
2. Hepatomegaly

Question 23

True/False

Cavernous hemangiomas are always found in the right lobe of the liver

Answer 23

False

Question 24

Where would you most likely find focal fatty sparing in the liver?

Answer 24

Right lobe anterior to the gallbladder

Question 25

What can you do to improve the visualization of the liver in the setting of fatty infiltration?

Answer 25

Lower the frequency

Question 26

Hepatomegaly should be expected if the craniocaudad mid-clavicular measurement through the right lobe is greater than ___________

Answer 26

16 cm

Question 27

True/False The liver is a site for hemopoiesis in the adult liver

Answer 27

False Hemopoiesis occurs in bone marrow

Question 28

The traditional lobar anatomic system divides the liver into how many lobes?

Answer 28

4

Question 29

Name three functions of a mature liver

Answer 29

1. Blood reservoir 2. Storage of copper 3. Detoxification of hormones Note: NOT production of Cholecystokinin

Question 30

What is an excretory product of the liver?

Answer 30

Bile

Question 31

Which lab test can be elevated by hepatocellular carcinoma?

Answer 31

AFP (alpha fetoprotein test)

Question 32

Which structures course intersegmental in the liver?

Answer 32

Hepatic veins

Question 33

Which ligament is the obliterated remnant of the fetal umbilical vein ?

Answer 33

Ligamentum teres

Question 34

Name three metabolic functions of the liver:

Answer 34

1. Steroid hormone metabolism 2. Formation of vitamin A 3. Storage of minerals and vitamins Note: NOT synthesis of blood plasma proteins