Test #2 Flashcards
This is a structure of a long bone that stores energy.
a. Diaphysis
b. Epiphysis
c. Metaphysis
d. Periosteum
e. Marrow
E
This is the region of a long bone that articulates with other bones.
a. Diaphysis
b. Epiphysis
c. Metaphysis
d. Periosteum
e. Marrow
B
This is the shaft of a long bone.
a. Diaphysis
b. Epiphysis
c. Metaphysis
d. Periosteum
e. Marrow
A
This is a layer of hyaline cartilage that reduces friction between bones involved in the joint. a. Periosteum b. Distal epiphysis c. Nutrient foramen d. Articular cartilage e. Epiphyseal plate
D
This is a layer of hyaline cartilage that allows the Diaphysis to grow in length.
a. Periosteum
b. Distal epiphysis
c. Nutrient foramen
d. Articular cartilage
e. Epiphyseal plate
E
This is the region in mature bone where the diaphysis and the epiphysis join.
a. Epiphyseal plate
b. Epiphyseal line
c. Metaphysis
d. Diaphyseal line
e. Diaphyseal plate
C
This is a lining found in bone that promotes bone growth in width
a. Periosteum
b. Endosteum
c. Marrow
d. Epiphysis
e. Metaphysis
A
Put the bones cells in order of their maturation from unspecialized to specialized.
a. Osteogenic, osteoblast, osteocytes
b. Osteogenic, osteoblast, osteocytes
c. Osteogenic, osteocytes, osteoblast
d. Osteogenic, osteocytes, osteoclast
e. None of the above
B
These are considered bone-building cells.
a. Osteogenic
b. Osteoclast
c. Oscteocytes
d. Osteoblasts
e. All of the above
D
These are considered bone-dissolving cells.
a. Osteogenic
b. Osteoclast
c. Oscteocytes
d. Osteoblasts
e. All of the above
B
Which of the following structures contains osteocytes?
a. Haversian
b. Volkmann’s
c. Concentric
d. Lacunae
e. Canaliculi
D
These are extensions of the lacunae and are filled with extracellular fluid.
a. Volkmann’s canals
b. Haversian canals
c. Osteons
d. Canaliculi
e. Periosteum
D
Osteons in compact bone tissue are aligned along
a. Horizontal to the metaphysis
b. Parallel to the epiphysis
c. Lines of stress
d. Randomly between the Epiphyseal plate
e. Parallel to blood vessels
C
Bone remodeling does NOT
a. Occur through out life
b. Involve bone resorption
c. Involve bone deposition
d. Occur at different rates at different locations
e. Affect compact bone tissue but does affect spongy bone tissue
E
The renewal rate for compact bone tissue is
a. 4% per year
b. 15% per year
c. 20% per year
d. 25% per year
e. No way to measure
A
Which of the following minerals is needed when bones are growing?
a. Chlorine
b. Sulfur
c. Magnesium
d. Both Chlorine and Sulfur
e. All of the above
C
The correct sequence of processes that occur during bone elongation at the epiphyseal plate are:
a. calcification, resting, proliferation, hypertrophication
b. resting, proliferation, calcification, hypertrophication
c. proliferation, resting, hypertrophication, calcification
d. resting, proliferation, hypertrophication, calcification
e. hypertrophication, calcification, proliferation, resting
D
During adulthood, which of the following does NOT contribute to bone remodeling and growth?
a. Calcium
b. Vitamins
c. Enzymes
d. Sex hormones
e. Human growth hormone
C
This type of fracture is considered a partial fracture and is usually seen in children.
a. Open
b. Comminuted
c. Impacted
d. Greenstick
e. Stress
D
About 25% of all stress fractures involve which bone? a. Rib
b. Clavicle
c. Humerus
d. Ulna
e. Tibia
E
Bone reduction
a. Is the alignment of Epiphyseal plates
b. Can be open or closed
c. Is followed by a period of mobilization
d. Is the alignment of epiphyseal plates and can be open or closed
e. All of the above
B
Bone mass reduction is promoted by which hormone?
a. Calcitriol
b. Calcitonin
c. Human growth hormone
d. Parathyroid
e. Insulin
D
An increase in bone growth is promoted by which hormones? a. Calcitriol and human growth hormone
b. Calcitonin and Calcitriol
c. Human growth hormone and Parathyroid
d. Parathyroid and Insulin
e. Insulin and human growth hormone
B
The branch of medicine that deals with correction of disorders of the musculoskeletal system is called
a) Rheumatics
b) Podiatry
c) Orthopedics
d) Cardiology
e) Interologist
D
How many bones are found in the adult human skeleton? a) 200
b) 206 c) 212 d) 227 e) 250
B
Which of the following is not true?
a) The axial skeleton has 80 bones
b) The appendicular skeleton has 126 bones
c) The axial skeleton is composed of the bones that run through the axis of
the body.
d) Children have more bones than adults.
e) The appendicular skeleton does not include the girdles.
E
Which of the following is NOT found in the axial skeleton?
a) Hyoid
b) Ribs
c) V ertebrae
d) Carpals
e) Sternum
D
Which of the following is found in the axial skeleton?
a) Tarsal
b) Tibia
c) Sphenoid
d) Scapula
e) Clavicle
C
Which type of bone is the femur?
a) Long bone
b) Short bone
c) Flat bone
d) Irregular bone
e) Sesamoid bone
A
Which type of bone is the occipital?
a) Long bone
b) Short bone
c) Flat bone
d) Irregular bone
e) Sesamoid bone
C
This is a bone located within ankles or wrists.
a) Long bone
b) Sutural bone
c) Irregular bone
d) Sesamoid bone
e) Short bone
E
Which of the following is NOT true of surface markings on bone.
a) They allow the passage of nerves and blood vessels.
b) They provide attachments for muscles.
c) They provide movement within the bone.
d) They help form joints.
e) They can be a depression or a projection.
C
Bones in the following area protect the brain.
a. Cranium
b. Vertebral column
c. Sacrum
d. Face
e. Ribcage
A
Which of the following is not a facial bone?
a) Parietal
b) Nasal
c) Maxillae
d) Zygomatic
e) Palatine
A
Which is not true of the skull bones?
a) They include mucous membranes
b) The only movable bone in the skull is the mandible
c) The skull contains foraminas but no fissures
d) The facial bones provide support for entrance into the digestive system
e) They include sinus cavities
C
Which of the following bones is not visible from the anterior view of the skull?
a) Parietal
b) Frontal
c) Mandible
d) Occipital
e) Maxilla
D
These floor. bones form the inferior lateral aspects of the cranium and part of the cranial a) Frontal b) Temporal c) Parietal d) Occipital e) Nasal
B
These bones include the organs of hearing and balance and articulate with the mandible.
a) Frontal
b) Temporal
c) Parietal
d) Occipital
e) Nasal
B
The mastoid process
a) Is a rounded projection of the parietal bones
b) Is the point of attachment for several neck muscles
c) Is anterior to the external auditory meatus.
d) Bothaandb
e) All of the above
B
These projections on either side of the foramen magnum articulate with depressions on the first cervical vertebrae.
a) Mastoid processes
b) Temporomandibular joint
c) Foramen magnum
d) Occipital condyles
e) Sella turcica
D
Which cranial bone articulates with every other cranial bone?
a) Occipital
b) Frontal
c) Ethmoid
d) Nasal
e) Sphenoid
E
This cranial bone is anterior to the sphenoid and posterior to the nasal bones. It contains foramina for the olfactory cranial nerve.
a) Ethmoid
b) Frontal
c) Palatine
d) Maxilla
e) Temporal
A
This facial bone articulates with teeth.
a) Lacrimal
b) Palatine
c) V omer
d) Maxillae
e) Nasal
D
Which of the following is not a facial bone?
a) V omer
b) Palatine
c) Lacrimal
d) Occipital
e) Mandible
D
Which bone of the axial skeleton does NOT articulate with any other bone?
a) V ertebrae
b) Ethmoid
c) Sternum
d) Hyoid
e) Ilium
D
Joe was found dead. His hyoid bone was broken. What was the most likely cause of death?
a) Natural causes
b) Cardiac arrest
c) Gun shot
d) Strangulation
e) Choking
D
What is the purpose of the nucleus pulposus?
a) To compress the vertebral bones
b) To absorb vertical shock
c) Calcium storage
d) Spinal fluid reservoir
e) Muscle attachment
B
Primary curves of the vertebrae include
a) Thoracic curve
b) Sacral curve
c) Lumbar curve
d) Cervical curve
e) All of the above
E
The function of vertebral processes is
a) Attachment site for muscles
b) Calcium storage
c) To support the body of the vertebrae
d) To hold the hyoid in place
e) To allow passage of the spinal cord
A
What bone feature of the second cervical vertebrae articulates with the first cervical vertebrae?
a) Primary projection
b) Occular process
c) Odontoid process
d) Cervical projection
e) Cervix
C
Of the following, which is the largest individual vertebrae?
a) C5
b) L4
c) T4
d) C7
e) T12
B
These are the inferior articular processes of the fifth sacral vertebrae.
a. Sacral cornua
b. Sacral hiatus
c. Lateral sacral crest
d. Anterior sacral foramina
e. Median sacral crest
A
Which gender shows the coccyx pointed inferiorly?
a) Females
b) Males
c) Both genders
d) The coccyx does not point inferiorly in either gender
A
What is the junction between the manubrium and the body of the sternum called? a) Suprasternal notch
b) Xiphoid process
c) Sternal angle
d) Sternoclavicular joint
e) Manubrium joint
C
What is inflammation of the costal cartilage called? a) Costochondritis
b) Floating ribs
c) Cartilaginous distension
d) Costal angle
e) Intercostals space distension
A
This is the anterior bone that articulates with the manubrium of the sternum at the sternoclavicular joint.
a. Scapula
b. Clavicle
c. Xiphoid
d. Sternum
B
This bone’s shape comes from the medial half of the bone being convex anteriorly and the lateral half is concave anteriorly.
a. Sternum
b. Scapula
c. Humerus
d. Clavicle
D
Which of the following do the pelvic girdles articulate with?
a. V ertebral column
b. Humerus
c. Sacrum
d. None of the above
C
This part of the clavicle is rounded and articulates with the manubrium of the sternum.
a. Acromial end
b. Conoid tubercle
c. Sternal extremity
d. Costal tuberosity
C
The following is/are attachment sites on the clavicle.
a. Conical tuberosity
b. Acromial tuberosity
c. Costal extremity
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
E
Why is the clavicle one of the most broken bones in the human body?
a. Due to the pressure from the lungs
b. Due to the weakness of the Acromial joint
c. Due to weakness of the junction of the curves
d. Due to its position to the humerus
e. Due to rubbing against the first rib
C
Which of the following bones is located in the posterior thorax between the second and seventh vertebrae?
a. Sternum
b. Clavicle
c. Pelvis
d. Scapula
e. None of the above
D
What is found in the glenoid cavity?
a. Subscapular fossa
b. Acromion
c. Supraspinous fossa
d. Spine
e. Humerus
E
This is the edge of the scapula closest to the humerus.
a. Axillary border
b. Medial border
c. Infraspinous fossa
d. Coracoid process
e. Acromion
A
Which is more superior on the scapula.
a. Infraspinous fossa
b. Supraspinous fossa
c. Acromion
d. Subscapular fossa
e. Scapular notch
C
Which of the following is found anteriorly on the scapula?
a. A) Infraspinous fossa
b. B) Supraspinous fossa
c. C) Subscapular fossa
d. Bothaandb
e. None of the above
C
What is the scapular notch used for?
a. A) Ligament attachment
b. B) Tendon attachment
c. C) Passageway for a nerve
d. Bothaandb
e. None of the above
C
Which of the following is fully visible with the scapula in a lateral orientation.
a. A) Coracoid process
b. B) Glenoid cavity
c. C) Acromion
d. Bothaandb
e. All of the above
E
Which of the following is true?
a. There are 5 carpals, 8 metacarpals and 14 phalanges.
b. There are 8 carpals, 6 metacarpals and 14 phalanges
c. There are 8 carpals, 5 metacarpals and 12 phalanges
d. There are 8 carpals, 5 metacarpals and 14 phalanges
e. There are 5 carpals, 8 metacarpals and 14 phalanges
D
The glenohumeral joint includes:
a. The humerus, radius and ulna
b. The humerus and radius
c. The humerus and clavicle
d. The humerus and ulna
e. The humerus and scapula
E
The anatomical neck of the humerus includes the:
a. Epiphyseal line
b. Greater tubercle
c. Intertubercular sulcus
d. Surgical neck
e. Bothaandc
A
The lesser tubercle of the humerus:
a. Articulates with the ulna
b. Articulates with the radius
c. Is found in the glenohumeral joint
d. Projects anteriorly
e. Is distal to the glenohumeral joint
D
The deltoid tuberosity of the humerus is found:
a. At the distal end
b. At the proximal end
c. At the midpoint of the shaft
d. At the Epiphyseal plate
e. None of the above
C
The capitulum:
a. A) Articulates with the head of radius
b. B) Is a rounded knob on the lateral aspect of the humerus
c. C) Projects anteriorly
d. Both a and b
e. All of the above
D
On the proximal end of the humerus is found:
a. The capitulum
b. The radial fossa
c. The trochlea
d. All of the above
e. None of the above
E
This is a spool shaped surface of the humerus medial to the capitulum that articulates with the ulna.
a. Coronoid fossa
b. Trochlea
c. Medial epicondyle
d. Lateral epicondyle
e. Lesser tubercle
B
The medial and lateral epicondyle are found on the distal end of the humerus and are used for a. A) Muscle attachment b. B) Tendon attachment c. C) Groove for nerves d. Bothaandb e. All of the above
B
Which is the longer bone? a. Radius
b. Phalange c. Clavicle d. Ulna
e. 1st rib
D
