Test 1 terms Flashcards
Headright Sysytem
Who: government
When: 1600’s
Where: Virginia and Maryland
What: for every head you brought over you received 50 acres of land
Analysis/ how: economics - benefitted people in multiple ways
- those who were poor had chance to travel to new world
- Rich people gained more land
- encouragement to bring new people over
Why: - more money being brought in
- agriculture being main source of economy
- indentured servants doing labor which provides money to owners
- new people, new chance to start over
Treaty of Tordesillas
Who: Spain, Portugal and the Pope
When: 1494
Where: Spain and Portugal
What: established imaginary line, anything to the west was in the power of Spain. While anything to the east was granted to Portugal, port wanted to focus on Africa which left Spain basically the new world except Brazil. They then fanned out over the Carribean’s and over large parts of continents that bordered it.
Analysis/ how: to me this would affect the culture and the people of these regions. This imaginary line was basically like a huge wall, neither if the sides could negotiate with each other, they couldn’t negotiate with other races (interacting). So basically when the time came for other ethnics and races I would think that the two wouldn’t be accepting of other races and people.
Why: this will impact the U.S because when all of their new land is discovered, A whole variety of races will be flocking to this new world at once which may cause some tensions between the races and ethnicities.
Nathaniel Bacon
Who: Nathaniel Bacon
When: 1670’s
Where: west edge of Jamestown (planters)
What: wanted to attack Indians to take land
Analysis/ how: politics - opposing leader
- didn’t want to listen
- William Berkeley resisted
How: - show Americans that its okay to be a rebel
- don’t have to listen to authority
Bacons Rebellion
Who: army of 500 men
When: 1676
Where: Jamestown
What: Berkely said no to bacons idea of getting rid of the Indians so he took matters onto himself and then burned Jamestown
Analysis/ how: politics - against authority
- didn’t get his way so he rebelled
- gave American thoughts to rebel if they didn’t like leaders
- basically nothing was done because bacon died
Why: - leaders will soon have less authority
- people don’t get way they will rebel
- not fair to innocent people
Middle Social Class and Family
Who: New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware colonists (blacks, farmers, in-between s, etc.)
When: 1740’s- 50’s
Where: New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware ( Middle Colonies)
What: social class: -differed in degree rather than kind
- blacks still at bottom but made up most of population
- other majority is farmers, grew for local consumption and exports
Family: - families in Hudson Valley of New York lived on land they cultivated/ farmed
- non- farming families clustered towards sea ports and urban villages
Leisler’s Rebellion
Who: Jacob Leisler ( angry merchant and militia captain)
When: around 1689
Where: New York
What: Leisler took control of the government which only he only held power for 2 years. Struggle between leislerians ( supported Leisler) and government continued for 2 decades, rebellion had long lasting effect.
John Peter Zenger Trial
Who: William Crosby and John Peter Zenger
When: 1730’s
Where: New York
What: Zenger wrote up articles telling citizens they had right to criticize their rulers and made advertisements on the back page. Crosby had him arrested after 2 months for criminal offense under English Law. In conclusion jury decided to free Zenger due to attorneys offense.
Thomas Paine
who:
when:
where:
what:
Declaration of Independence
who: John Hancock, Thomas Jefferson, Ben Franklin
when: July 4th, 1776
where: Philadelphia
what: Official document that broke the governmental ties between Great Britain and the colonies.
Battle of Saratoga
who: General Burgoyne, Phillip Shuyler, Horatio Gates, and Brigadeir Benedict Arnold
when: October 17, 1777
where: Saratoga, New York
what: Turning point in revolutionary war was as the Americans, being led by Shuyler, Gates, and Arnold were victorious over the british Burgoyne
Treaty of Paris
who: Ben Franklin, John Lay, Thomas Jefferson, Henry Laurens, Vergennes and Richard Oswald
when: November 1782-83
where: Paris, France
what: Continental Congress elected Franklin, Lay, Jefferson and Laurens to go to Paris for a peace talk. Congress wanted to rely on advice from Vergennes, the british representative was Oswald. by 1782 preliminary treaty was signed. Americans learned importance of playing one country against another without just committing to one.
Quakers
who: quakers
when: 1670’s
where: Pennsylvania
what: believed they could communicate directly with their “maker”. They stressed the doctrine of the Inner Light.
Virtual representation
who: George Grenville
when: 1764
where: America
what: stated that colonists didn’t have to have representatives from the colonies to be represented in Parliament. As british citizens they were already represented by the current Parliament members.
Stamp Act
who: representatives of 13 colonies
when: june 6, 1765
where: New York City
what: passed a series of resolutions to protests occurring within the colonies. they declared that the citizens have freedom and no taxes should be imposed on them only by own consent.
Boston Massacre
who: angry protesting colonists and british troops
when: March 5, 1770
where: Boston
what: many small riots and fights broke out in the town due to angry colonists. the colonists threw snowballs filled with rocks at british soldiers who then opened fire in the crowd. 5 people were killed this is called a massacre due to the fact that the citizens had no weapons or fire arms what so ever.
