Quiz 3 Flashcards
16th amendment
allows the Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states
This amendment overruled Pollock v. Farmers’ Loan & Trust Co. (1895), which limited the Congress’s authority to levy an income tax.
Populist party
More money for gov to lend/ reduce prices
19th amendment
Can’t be taken out
Can only be changed
Gives suffrage to women (1920)
17th amendment
Direct election
People vote for senators
Gives people more power
Also by populist party
Elkins Act
Receiving & granting RR rebels
Trust buster
Doesn’t have problem w/ trust
Good trusts — leave them alone
Bad trusts — need to be shut down
Coal strike
Workers stopped working
Workers wanted higher wages, 8 hour work day, union to be recognized
1902
Coal needed for trains, heat, stove
Need to have resolution
Mediate: meet in middle, mediator vs. 2 people compromising
Arbitration: arbitrator listens to both sides, makes decision
In the end: coal miners get 10% raise, 9 hr workday, union not fully recognized, company allowed to raise products by 10%
Square deal
A fair & honest bargain/ treatment
Both sides benefit
Square deal for coal miners strike
Pure food & drug act
1906
Federal inspection of meats
Forbade manufacture, sale, or transportation of adulterated foods
Came about because of muck rakers (upton Sinclair)
Muckrakers
Unraveling politics or certain subjects
Getting to the bottom
Finding out what’s really true
Progressivism
Social reform
Political reform
Introduction to industrialization
Niagra movement
Feb 1905
African Americans
Want: unrestricted right to vote, end segregation, equality for E oppurtunity, higher education for talented, end to trade union discrimination, renounced Atlanta comprise
Initiative, reform, referendum
initiative - a procedure by which a specified number of voters may propose a statute, constitutional amendment, or ordinance, and compel a popular vote on its adoption.
Referendum - The submission of a proposed public measure or actual statute to a direct popular vote.
To abolish abuse or malpractice in: reform the government.
Muller v. Oregon (1908)
The statute before the Court in Muller was an Oregon law passed in 1903 that set a maximum of ten hours a day for women employed in factories and laundries. The law was similar to laws passed in many states during what is known as the Progressive Era in an attempt to provide some protection for workers from the harsh consequences of industrialization.
Ballinger-Pinchot Affair
The Ballinger Pinchot affair was a dispute between Gifford Pinchot and Richard Ballinger, two American politicians in the beginning of the 20th century. The dispute eventually became one of the reasons for the split of the Republican Party.
Woodrow Wilson
He was an aggressive leader and believed that Congress could not function properly without good leadership provided by the president. His progressive program was known as New Freedom and his foreign policy program was Moral Diplomacy. He was president during World War I.