Quiz 3 Flashcards
16th amendment
allows the Congress to levy an income tax without apportioning it among the states
This amendment overruled Pollock v. Farmers’ Loan & Trust Co. (1895), which limited the Congress’s authority to levy an income tax.
Populist party
More money for gov to lend/ reduce prices
19th amendment
Can’t be taken out
Can only be changed
Gives suffrage to women (1920)
17th amendment
Direct election
People vote for senators
Gives people more power
Also by populist party
Elkins Act
Receiving & granting RR rebels
Trust buster
Doesn’t have problem w/ trust
Good trusts — leave them alone
Bad trusts — need to be shut down
Coal strike
Workers stopped working
Workers wanted higher wages, 8 hour work day, union to be recognized
1902
Coal needed for trains, heat, stove
Need to have resolution
Mediate: meet in middle, mediator vs. 2 people compromising
Arbitration: arbitrator listens to both sides, makes decision
In the end: coal miners get 10% raise, 9 hr workday, union not fully recognized, company allowed to raise products by 10%
Square deal
A fair & honest bargain/ treatment
Both sides benefit
Square deal for coal miners strike
Pure food & drug act
1906
Federal inspection of meats
Forbade manufacture, sale, or transportation of adulterated foods
Came about because of muck rakers (upton Sinclair)
Muckrakers
Unraveling politics or certain subjects
Getting to the bottom
Finding out what’s really true
Progressivism
Social reform
Political reform
Introduction to industrialization
Niagra movement
Feb 1905
African Americans
Want: unrestricted right to vote, end segregation, equality for E oppurtunity, higher education for talented, end to trade union discrimination, renounced Atlanta comprise
Initiative, reform, referendum
initiative - a procedure by which a specified number of voters may propose a statute, constitutional amendment, or ordinance, and compel a popular vote on its adoption.
Referendum - The submission of a proposed public measure or actual statute to a direct popular vote.
To abolish abuse or malpractice in: reform the government.
Muller v. Oregon (1908)
The statute before the Court in Muller was an Oregon law passed in 1903 that set a maximum of ten hours a day for women employed in factories and laundries. The law was similar to laws passed in many states during what is known as the Progressive Era in an attempt to provide some protection for workers from the harsh consequences of industrialization.
Ballinger-Pinchot Affair
The Ballinger Pinchot affair was a dispute between Gifford Pinchot and Richard Ballinger, two American politicians in the beginning of the 20th century. The dispute eventually became one of the reasons for the split of the Republican Party.
Woodrow Wilson
He was an aggressive leader and believed that Congress could not function properly without good leadership provided by the president. His progressive program was known as New Freedom and his foreign policy program was Moral Diplomacy. He was president during World War I.
Underwood Tariff (1913)
The Underwood Tariff act reduced levies on import and export of manufactured goods and raw materials. At the same time, it created the income tax on U.S. citizens. Woodrow Wilson was president.
Federal reserve act 1913
created 12 district banks that would lend $ at discount rates
Loosen/ tight credit w/ nations needs
Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
investigated companies and issued cease-and-desist orders against unfair trade practices; could be appealed in court, but still a step toward consumer protection
National war labors board
Taft & Walsh Create board to be in charge Negotiate/ solve problems before any strike happens (in US) Standardize wages Restricting hours 8-10 hours Arbitrated strikes
War industries Board
Control industries
Gov. Takeover all industries
Force people to abid by regulations
Bernard Beruch: ran war industries
Upton Sinclair
Wrote the Jungle
Muckraker for food and meat companies
Opened up the truth about meat packaging
Got pure food & drug act & food administration
Great migration
Movement of African Americans to the North
Job opportunities
Better economic opourtunites
Less segregation
Mann Elkins act
strengthened the responsibilities, and authority, of the Interstate Commerce Commission to include the regulation of telephone, telegraph, and cable companies as well as railroad companies. - See more at
Committee on public info
The committee was formed to influence the U.S. public opinion on the participation of World War I.
Zimmerman telegram
In the telegram, intercepted and deciphered by British intelligence in January 1917, Zimmermann instructed the ambassador, Count Johann von Bernstorff, to offer significant financial aid to Mexico if it agreed to enter any future U.S-German conflict as a German ally. If victorious in the conflict, Germany also promised to restore to Mexico the lost territories of Texas, New Mexico and Arizona.
Henry Cabot lodge
Accused of not caring for others
Chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, he was a leader in the fight against participation in the League of Nations
Hay bunau varilla treaty
The Hay Bunau Varilla Treaty is a treaty signed on November 18, 1903 between the United States and Panama. This treaty established the Panama Canal Zone and the construction of the Panama Canal
W.E.B Du Bois
Didn’t like booker T’s ideas
Went against them
Should act now
