Test 1 Review

Question 1

Name two of the qualities required to be considered alive.

Answer 1

All seven qualities required to be considered alive are: Order, Response to the Environment, Evolutionary Adaptation, regulation, energy processing, Growth and Development, Reproduction.

Question 2

The four essential elements, C, O, N, and H make up how much of living organisms?

Answer 2

96%
Oxygen 65
Carbon 18.5
Hydrogen 9.5
Nitrogen 3.3

Question 3

What are the specific subatomic particles that participate in chemical reactions?:

Answer 3

Electron, Protons, and Neutrons.

Question 4

What is the property of water that allows for aquatic life to survive during winter?

Answer 4

Water’s resistance to change temperature.

Question 5

A substance with a pH of 9 is considered what?

Answer 5

Acid

Question 6

What property of C allows it to branch and bond 4 times, making it highly diverse & useful?

Answer 6

Carbons Valence shell can accept 4 electrons or lose those four. Allowing it to bond with many different elements.

Question 7

Hydrocarbons are not soluble in water because they have what type of bonds?

Answer 7

Hydrocarbons have a neutral charge keeping them from reacting with any other elements.

Question 8

Which functional group is represented by “C=O” and is found in sugars?

Answer 8

Carbonyl

Question 9

Name the four types of Macromolecules.

Answer 9

lipid, Carbohydrates, Protein, Nucleic Acid.

Question 10

What is the polymer of a carbohydrate?

Answer 10

Polysaccharides

Question 11

What type of chemical reaction is used during the breakdown of a polymer?

Answer 11

Hydrolysis

Question 12

Monosaccharides with a carbonyl group of the end of the skeleton are called what?

Answer 12

Carbohydrates

Question 13

Polysaccharides have two main functions. What are they?

Answer 13

Fuel Storage and Structural support

Question 14

A fat consists of what two types of molecules?

Answer 14

Glycerol head and 3 Fatty acid tails

Question 15

Which type of fat is not good to have too much in the diet?

Answer 15

Saturated Fats

Question 16

Which region of a phospholipid is hydrophobic? Be specific.

Answer 16

The fatty acid tail

Question 17

How many carbohydrates does it take to have the amount of energy in 1 g of fat?

Answer 17

2g

Question 18

What is the monomer of a protein?

Answer 18

Amino Acids

Question 19

The function of a protein depends on what?

Answer 19

Function depends on arrangement

Question 20

Name two things that can denature a protein

Answer 20

salinity and temperature

Question 21

Nucleotides are made up of what 3 parts.

Answer 21

5-Carbon Sugars, Nitrogenous Base, and Phosphate group.

Question 22

What sugar is found in the nucleic acid RNA?

Answer 22

Ribose

Question 23

During DNA replication what nucleotide always bonds with Adenine?

Answer 23

Uracil

Question 24

What is the name of the female scientist whose work was used by Watson and Crick to create the double helix model.

Answer 24

Rosalind Franklin