Capter 4 - Carbon Vocab

Question 1

Organic Chemistry

Answer 1

The study of carbon compounds

Question 2

Tetravalence

Answer 2

4 valence electrons

Question 3

Hydrocarbon

Answer 3

Organic molecules consisting of carbon and hydrogen
Major component of petroleum and fats
Large stores of energy
Function is determined by shape and arrangement

Question 4

Hydroxyl

Answer 4

-OH
Alchohols
Is Polar
Can form Hydrogen Bonds

Question 5

Carbonyl

Answer 5

A double bonded C=O
A Ketone and at the end of a carbon skeleton
Found in sugars

Question 6

Carboxyl

Answer 6

Oxygen Double bonded to Carbon single bonded to an Oxygen (-COOH)
Organic acids
Polar covalent bond

Question 7

Amino

Answer 7

Nitrogen single bonded to two hydrogen atoms. (NH2)

Acts as a base

Question 8

Sulfydryl

Answer 8

Sulfur bonded to a Hydrogen (SH)

Question 9

Phosphate

Answer 9

A Phosphate atom double bonded to an Oxygen atom single bonded to 3 Oxygen atoms. (-OPO3 -2)
Organic Phosphate
the backbones for phospholipids.

Question 10

Methyl

Answer 10

A Carbon atom single bonded to 3 Hydrogen atoms (CH3)
A compoonent in DNA.
Arrangement of methyl
groups in male and female
sex hormones affects
their shape and function.