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Microbiology > Test 1 Review > Flashcards

Test 1 Review Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the most common vector borne disease?

A

Lyme disease

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2
Q

What virus causes Covid?

A

SARS CoV2

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3
Q

What is IPV?

A

Inactive polio vaccine

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4
Q

What is OPV?

A

Oral polio vaccine

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5
Q

Which polio vaccine comes in the form of a sugar cube?

A

OPV

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6
Q

Which polio vaccine is used in the US?

A

IPV

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7
Q

What is the most uncommon mode of transmission for monkey pox virus?

A

Droplet

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8
Q

What is a vector borne disease?

A

Transmitted via bug bites

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9
Q

The spike protein of SARS CoV-2 does what?

A

Binds ACE-2 on respiratory epithelial cells

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10
Q

What does the antigen test for SARS CoV-2 do?

A

Detects antibodies to the virus

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11
Q

What part of the body does the polio virus infect?

A

Intestinal cells

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12
Q

Is salmonella a prokaryote or eukaryote?

A

Prokaryote

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13
Q

What is thick in gram positive bacteria?

A

Cell walls

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14
Q

What kind of disease is Lyme disease?

A

Vector-borne disease

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15
Q

What does Clostridium Difficile form that makes it hard to kill?

A

Spores

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16
Q

What condition can be caused by Legionella pneumophila?

A

Pneumonia

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17
Q

Which type of environmental bacteria produce Oxygen?

A

Cyanobacteria

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18
Q

What type of bacteria can degrade cellulose?

A

Ruminococcus

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19
Q

What is bifidobacterium marketed as?

A

a probiotic

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20
Q

What term is used to describe when the microbiota has been disturbed?

A

Dysbiosis

21
Q

What is the effect of taking oral antibiotic treatment while having c. Diff ?

A

Disease may occur

22
Q

What are the name of the bacterial structures that inject toxins into eukaryotic host cells?

A

Type III Secretion System

23
Q

Which bacteria produces short chain fatty acids that help communicate with our intestinal epithelia to produce mucus and strengthen the integrity of the epithelial layer?

A

Biffidobacterium

24
Q

Which structure injects toxins directly into bacterial cells?

A

Type VI Secretion Systems

25
Q

If an atom has an atomic # of 8, how many electrons are in the second shell?

A

6

26
Q

How many electrons can the 2nd orbital of an atom have?

A

8

27
Q

What is the primary symptom caused by salmonella enteritidis?

A

Diarrhea

28
Q

What does Dr. Pritchett study?

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

29
Q

What is a zoonoses?

A

Disease that can transmitted from animals to humans

30
Q

What do antibodies work best against?

A

Extracellular pathogens

31
Q

Extended spectrum carbapenem, ESBs, CRE, or ESKAPE pathogens are all examples of what?

A

Nosocomial infections

32
Q

What has a cell wall made of cellulose?

A

Plants

33
Q

What has a cell wall made of peptidoglycan?

A

Bacteria

34
Q

Which pathogen frequently causes pneumonia in immunocompromised patients and is transmitted from water sources like hot tubs, air conditioners, and water cooling units?

A

Legionella pneumophila

35
Q

What is the name for an animal with a multi-chambered stomach?

A

Ruminant

36
Q

What does the rumen do in cows?

A

Digest cellulose

37
Q

Which bacteria is associated with causing cancer?

A

Helicobacter pylori

38
Q

Which bacteria can be found in the stomachs of 50% of the population?

A

Helicobacter pylori

39
Q

Bacterium of the genus rhizobium are important for what?

A

Nitrogen fixation

40
Q

What can water not dissolve?

A

Oil

41
Q

What determines the reactivity and the chemical nature of an atom?

A

Electrons

42
Q

What is insulin an example of?

A

GMO’s

43
Q

What is the difference in Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria?

A

Gram positive have thick cell walls

44
Q

Radioactive atoms are what?

A

Atoms with different number of neutrons than protons

45
Q

If a solution has a compound dissolved in it that increases the number of hydronium, then what will happen?

A

The pH will go down

46
Q

What type of bond is formed by carbon and oxygen?

A

Polar covalent bonds

47
Q

Resistance to changing temperature, surface tension, and being a universal solvent are attributes of water because of what?

A

Hydrogen bonds

48
Q

What type of bond is formed when electronegativities are very different?

A

Ionic bonds

49
Q

Carbon and hydrogen form which type of bond?

A

Nonpolar covalent

Microbiology (7 decks)

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