Test 1, Ch. 5 Flashcards
All angles on hand, wrists, digits are:
zero degrees
How many phalanges are there in each hand?
14 ( in each hand )
The hand consists of _____ bones.
Which are subdivided into three groups, name the groups.
27
Phalanges (Bones of the digits)
Metacarpals (Bones of the palm)
Carpals (Bones of the wrist)
The thumb is always known as the:
first digit
The third metacarpal of the hand articulates with the:
Capitate ( largest & most centrally located carpal bone )
How many phalanges are in the thumb?
2
The first bone located on the proximal row of the lateral side of the wrist is the:
scaphoid
The wrist has _____ carpal bones, which are fitted closely together and arranged in two horizontal rows.
8
4 in the Proximal row (row nearest to the forearm)
4 in the Distal row
The palm of the hand is formed by ______ , which are cylindrical in shape and slightly concave anteriorly.
Five metacarpals
What is the largest carpal bone?
Capitate , and most centrally located
Tenderness in the snuff-box area is a clinical sign suggesting fracture of the _____ , which is the most commonly fractured carpal bone.
Scaphoid
The carpal bones articulates with this bone:
metacarpals (distally) or radius (proximal)
What joint is between the phalanges and the metacarpals?
MCP joints
The most commonly fractured carpal bone?
Scaphoid
How many degrees is the hand rotated for an AP oblique projection?
45 degrees
The most common projection for the 2nd through 5th digit is this type of projection; with this type of rotation.
PA with external rotation
What joint is seen only on an x ray of the first digit?
CMC joint
( the joint at the base of the thumb where the thumb bone meets the wrist bone )
For a PA of the 2nd digit, the central ray is directed to the ____ joint.
PIP Joint
For a PA projection of the first digit the hand is positioned in which position:
Pronation
What should be in contact with the table top for a PA of the wrist?
arm, axilla, and forearm
The metacarpals articulate distally with these:
Proximal Phalanges
For a PA wrist, where does the CR enter?
mid carpal area
Flexing the fingers for a PA of the wrist; does what?
moves carpal bones closer to the IR
For a PA of the hand, the central ray enters:
3rd MCP
What’s the primary projection used to demonstrate anterior and posterior displacement?
True Lateral
For all oblique hands, wrists, fingers; what is the degree?
45 degrees
We use 45 degree wedges but we don’t use 45 degree _____
blocks
For a lateral projection of the wrist, the elbow must be flexed _____
90 degrees
A fracture at the base of the first metacarpal is called a _____ fracture.
Bennett
A fracture of the metacarpal neck is called a _____ fracture.
Boxers
The _____ articulations between phalanges are _____ type and only allow flexion and extension.
- Interphalangeal
- Synovial Hinge
What anatomy is not well demonstrated when a PA oblique hand is performed?
( Fill in the blank, on Test)
- All Digits
- 3rd-5th Metacarpals
There will be a picture and you will say what type of joint it is; Hinged, Synovial, Pivot
Synovial- the joint connecting the radius bone in the forearm to the carpal bones in the wrist
Hinged- between the individual phalange bones
Pivot- joint of the wrist that allows the palm of the hand to be turned up and down
For a lateral projection of the hand, the central ray is directed?
Perpendicular to the second MCP joint
Hinged Joint
A hinged joint is a type of synovial joint that allows movement in one plane, similar to a door hinge.
- Hinge joints are found in many parts of the body, including the fingers, toes, knees, elbows, and ankles
Example: interphalangeal joints of the hand
Synovial
Allow only flexion and extension
Example: Wrist Joint, Elbow Joint , Thumb Joint etc.
Pivot Joint
a specific type of joint where a cylinder-shaped bone is joined to a ring-shaped bone, and the cylinder-shaped bone is able to rotate inside the ring-shaped bone in a single axis
- Examples: Wrist Joint (allows the palm of the hand to move up and down)
- A another prime example of a pivot joint in the human body is the joint between the first and second cervical vertebrae in the neck
How much wrist rotation is required for the PA oblique projection, lateral rotation position of the wrist?
45 degrees
Which digit of the hand does not have a PIP or a DIP?
Thumb ( First Digit )
Which carpal bone must be included when taking a projection of the first digit?
Trapezium Carpal Bone
The articulations between the lunate and scaphoid are a form of a ______ joint.
Gliding
The articulations between the 2-5th metacarpals and the trapezoid, capitate, and hamate as well as the inter-carpal articulations form _____ joints.
synovial gliding
For a lateral projection of the second through fifth digits, the central ray is directed:
0 degrees
