Test 1, Ch. 5 Flashcards

1
Q

All angles on hand, wrists, digits are:

A

zero degrees

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2
Q

How many phalanges are there in each hand?

A

14 ( in each hand )

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3
Q

The hand consists of _____ bones.
Which are subdivided into three groups, name the groups.

A

27

Phalanges (Bones of the digits)
Metacarpals (Bones of the palm)
Carpals (Bones of the wrist)

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4
Q

The thumb is always known as the:

A

first digit

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5
Q

The third metacarpal of the hand articulates with the:

A

Capitate ( largest & most centrally located carpal bone )

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6
Q

How many phalanges are in the thumb?

A

2

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7
Q

The first bone located on the proximal row of the lateral side of the wrist is the:

A

scaphoid

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8
Q

The wrist has _____ carpal bones, which are fitted closely together and arranged in two horizontal rows.

A

8

4 in the Proximal row (row nearest to the forearm)

4 in the Distal row

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9
Q

The palm of the hand is formed by ______ , which are cylindrical in shape and slightly concave anteriorly.

A

Five metacarpals

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10
Q

What is the largest carpal bone?

A

Capitate , and most centrally located

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11
Q

Tenderness in the snuff-box area is a clinical sign suggesting fracture of the _____ , which is the most commonly fractured carpal bone.

A

Scaphoid

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12
Q

The carpal bones articulates with this bone:

A

metacarpals (distally) or radius (proximal)

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13
Q

What joint is between the phalanges and the metacarpals?

A

MCP joints

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14
Q

The most commonly fractured carpal bone?

A

Scaphoid

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15
Q

How many degrees is the hand rotated for an AP oblique projection?

A

45 degrees

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16
Q

The most common projection for the 2nd through 5th digit is this type of projection; with this type of rotation.

A

PA with external rotation

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17
Q

What joint is seen only on an x ray of the first digit?

A

CMC joint
( the joint at the base of the thumb where the thumb bone meets the wrist bone )

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18
Q

For a PA of the 2nd digit, the central ray is directed to the ____ joint.

19
Q

For a PA projection of the first digit the hand is positioned in which position:

20
Q

What should be in contact with the table top for a PA of the wrist?

A

arm, axilla, and forearm

21
Q

The metacarpals articulate distally with these:

A

Proximal Phalanges

22
Q

For a PA wrist, where does the CR enter?

A

mid carpal area

23
Q

Flexing the fingers for a PA of the wrist; does what?

A

moves carpal bones closer to the IR

24
Q

For a PA of the hand, the central ray enters:

25
What’s the primary projection used to demonstrate anterior and posterior displacement?
True Lateral
26
For all oblique hands, wrists, fingers; what is the degree?
45 degrees
27
We use 45 degree wedges but we don’t use 45 degree _____
blocks
28
For a lateral projection of the wrist, the elbow must be flexed _____
90 degrees
29
A fracture at the base of the first metacarpal is called a _____ fracture.
Bennett
30
A fracture of the metacarpal neck is called a _____ fracture.
Boxers
31
The _____ articulations between phalanges are _____ type and only allow flexion and extension.
- Interphalangeal - Synovial Hinge
32
What anatomy is not well demonstrated when a PA oblique hand is performed? ( Fill in the blank, on Test)
- All Digits - 3rd-5th Metacarpals
33
There will be a picture and you will say what type of joint it is; Hinged, Synovial, Pivot
Synovial- the joint connecting the radius bone in the forearm to the carpal bones in the wrist Hinged- between the individual phalange bones Pivot- joint of the wrist that allows the palm of the hand to be turned up and down
34
For a lateral projection of the hand, the central ray is directed?
Perpendicular to the second MCP joint
35
Hinged Joint
A hinged joint is a type of synovial joint that allows movement in one plane, similar to a door hinge. - Hinge joints are found in many parts of the body, including the fingers, toes, knees, elbows, and ankles Example: interphalangeal joints of the hand
36
Synovial
Allow only flexion and extension Example: Wrist Joint, Elbow Joint , Thumb Joint etc.
37
Pivot Joint
a specific type of joint where a cylinder-shaped bone is joined to a ring-shaped bone, and the cylinder-shaped bone is able to rotate inside the ring-shaped bone in a single axis - Examples: Wrist Joint (allows the palm of the hand to move up and down) - A another prime example of a pivot joint in the human body is the joint between the first and second cervical vertebrae in the neck
38
How much wrist rotation is required for the PA oblique projection, lateral rotation position of the wrist?
45 degrees
39
Which digit of the hand does not have a PIP or a DIP?
Thumb ( First Digit )
40
Which carpal bone must be included when taking a projection of the first digit?
Trapezium Carpal Bone
41
The articulations between the lunate and scaphoid are a form of a ______ joint.
Gliding
42
The articulations between the 2-5th metacarpals and the trapezoid, capitate, and hamate as well as the inter-carpal articulations form _____ joints.
synovial gliding
43
For a lateral projection of the second through fifth digits, the central ray is directed:
0 degrees