Test 1 Flashcards
What is the standard rabies vaccination procedure?
SQ right rear leg at 12 weeks or older
How long are healthy certificates good for?
30 days
What do health certificates state?
that animal shows no signs of disease at that time
How are anchor stirrups applied?
on later aspects of limb with a tongue depressor between stockinette
What is the secondary layer of a cast?
light padding as cast padding firmly placed
How is fiberglass cast material applied?
firmly but not too tight
Do you apply fiberglass cast wet or dry?
you can do either
Which method of fiberglass cast sets faster?
wet
What temperature water sets slower when applying a fiberglass cast?
cold water
How many layers of fiberglass do you use for small animals?
3-4 layers
How many layers of fiberglass do you use for large animals?
5 or more
Which joints should you stabilize when building a cast?
joint above and below fracture
What are some advantages of fiberglass cast?
strong, light-weight, can perform hydrotherapy through cast
What are some warning signs that you need to change the cast NOW?
Increased core body temp Change in use of the leg Animal bothering bandage Strike through Odor Toes warm, blue, or swelling
What are some reasons to do a cystocentesis?
Some dogs/cats shy to urinate
Urethral obstruction
Voided samples are not suitable for culture
Why might a urinary catheter be needed post-op or during a work-up?
to monitor fluid “outs” during monitoring of “ins and outs”
Why might a urinary catheter be needed during surgery of the urinary bladder?
to remove urine during surgery, allowing work within the bladder
What are some kinds of catheters?
“bitch” catheter, foley catheter, semi-rigid polypropylene catheter, red rubber catheter
Which catheter is good as an indwelling urinary catheter?
foley
Which catheter has a blow up end?
foley
Which catheter is too short to reach bladder in male dogs?
foley
What might be needed with a foley catheter?
something to make foley rigid enough to feed into the bladder
Which catheter is soft and has a rounded end?
red rubber catheter
Which catheter has a low risk of trauma?
red rubber catheter
Which catheter comes in french sizes?
red rubber catheter
What is a french number?
french number divided by 3 is the outside diameter in milimeters
How is a catheter for a male measured?
point of hip round ischial arch to tip of penis
How is a catheter for a female measured?
point of hip straight to vulva
Passing a catheter beyond the measured amount can result in what?
the catheter tying a knot on itself. Knot will prevent removal of catheter
What is the procedure for urinary catheter placement in male dogs?
Shorten preputial hairs and surrounding hairs with a clipper-40 blade
Preputial flush pre-catheterization
Extrude the end of the penis
What can provide extra assistance in inserting a urinary catheter in a male dog?
inserting a finger into the anus allows palpation of the catheter and allows you to direct the catheter around the corner
Pass the catheter until when?
you reach urine or reach your pre-measured mark
For testing what kind of urine sample is needed?
mid-stream
The first syringe is used for what in urine collection?
the first small amount
The second syringe is used for what in urine collection?
to collect 12 ml for testing
What should you do when removing a catheter?
occlude tip with finger or syringe and remove gently and quickly
How can catheters be placed in female dogs?
by palpating the urethral tubercle then passing catheter under your finger OR speculum
Which types of speculums will work well?
nasal or anal speculums
Blades of the speculum should be in what position when removing?
open
What type of catheter is used in both male and female cats?
tom cat catheter
How do you measure a catheter in a male cat?
point of hip to tip of prepuce
What is an open catheter?
no portals on sides, distal end is open
What is a closed catheter?
portals on sides, distal end is closed
How long are tom cat catheters?
6 inches
How do you pass a catheter in a female cat?
same as in female dogs
How is passing a catheter different in female cats than female dogs?
sedation is usually required, everything is smaller and harder to see, could use speculum
Which type of catheter is used most often in male cats?
open tom cat catheter
How long should you confine animal to cage when performing a cysto?
22 hours
What must you able to do before you perform a cystocentesis?
palpate full bladder
How can a patient be placed for a cystocentesis?
dorsal recumbency, lateral recumbency, standing, standing on hind limbs with front legs elevated
What is a sign of a good landmark for cystocentesis?
where alcohol pools or where criss-cross between last 2 sets of nipples
What size needle should you use for a cystocentesis?
22 gauge, 1 to 1.5 inch
What size syringe should you use for a cystocentesis?
12 ml
What are some techniques for feeding newborns?
eye dropper, baby bottle, tube feeding, and foster parent
Which feeding technique is slow and ineffective?
eye dropper
Which feeding technique is best but slow?
baby bottle
Which feeding technique is most efficient?
tube feeding
Which feeding technique is very best?
foster parent
What equipment is needed for tube feeding?
10-50ml plastic syringe
#10 catheter or semi-rigid tube
adhesive tape to mark length of tube
disinfectant to flush tube and syringe
What is the recipe for emergency home-formulated milk replacer?
1 cup milk 3 egg yolks 1 drop high quality oral multiple vitamin 1 tbsp corn oil pinch of salt
How do you prepare the emergency home-formulated milk replacer?
mix-blend uniformly and warm to 95-100 degrees F
Who is the emergency home-formulated milk replacer for?
puppies and kittens less than 2 weeks of age
What is another recipe used for puppies and kittens?
20g or 1/4 cup of Purina Puppy Chow with 80g or 1/4 cup of water
blend into gruel
How do you measure a feeding tube?
tip of nose to last rib
How do you position a puppy or kitten for tube feeding?
hold horizontally, head extended but not raised
How can you lubricate a feeding tube?
with a few drops of milk
How much milk replacer should you give a 160g puppy or kitten?
5ml
If there is resistance with a stomach tube what does that mean?
stomach is probably full
How can you clean a puppy or kitten after they eat?
permit mother to clean, use warm, moist piece of cotton or washcloth to stimulate urination and defection
How can you stimulate a puppy and kitten to urinate or defecate?
rubbing stomach area and rectal area
What color should the urine be when cleaning a newborn?
clear
If a newborns urine is yellow what does that mean?
dehydrated
A cold or dehydrated puppy or kitten cannot do what?
digest food
How can you address hydration status?
Skin turgor, CRT, Mucous membrane, urine output, weight, thoracic auscultation, serous nasal discharge, pulse strength, pulse rate, body temperature
What is a normal skin turgor test like?
skin returns promptly to normal position 1 sec or less
An animal with >5% dehydration will have a skin turgor of what?
> 1sec
An animal with severe dehydration will have a skin turgor of what?
> 8 sec return
Skin turgor test is less reliable in what kind of patient?
obese
