Test 1 Flashcards
What is the definition of Chemistry?
The study of the composition of matter and the changes that matter undergoes.
What is the definition of Matter?
Matter is any substance that occupies space
What is Pure Chemistry?
Pure Chemistry is the pursuit of chemical knowledge for it’s own sake.
What is Applied Chemistry?
Applied Chemistry is research that is directed toward a practical goal or application.
What is the Scientific Method?
The Scientific Method is a logical, systematic approach to the solution of a scientific problem. Steps: 1) Observation 2) Hypotheses 3) Experiment/Test Hypotheses 4) Developing theories
What is Inorganic Chemistry?
The study of chemicals that do not contain carbon.
Ex) Studying the metal that something is made of
What is Organic Chemistry?
The study of all chemicals containing carbon.
Ex) Researching what substances should be used to make good quality plastic.
What is Biochemistry?
The study of processes that take place in living organisms.
Ex) Studying digestion
What is Analytical Chemistry?
The study of the composition of matter.
Ex) Measuring the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
What is Physical Chemistry?
The study that deals with the mechanism, rate, and energy transfer that takes place when matter undergoes a change.
Ex) Photosynthesis and sun energy
What is a Hypothesis?
A proposed explanation for an observation.
What is an Observation?
When you use your senses to obtain information.
What is an Experiment?
A procedure used to test a hypothesis.
What is an Independent Variable?
The variable that you change during an experiment; also known as the Manipulated Variable.
What is a Dependent Variable?
The variable that is observed during the experiment; also known as the Responding Variable.
What is an Experimental Control? Positive/Negative
Experimental Controls are trials done outside of the experiment. They are used to identify known experimental responses so that the results can be better interpreted.
Positive: shows what the expected results should be
Negative: shows what should happen if there are no results or the opposite of what the expected results are
What is a Control Variable?
Anything that should not change from trial to trial to help guarantee true results.
What is a Conclusion?
To make a judgement based on one’s observations.
What is the difference between an Observation and a Conclusion?
A conclusion requires one to make assumptions or hypotheses. Experimentation is necessary to make a conclusion. With observation, you are only gaining information through your senses and do not need experimentation. You make a hypothesis using observation.
What is an Alchemist?
A person who uses chemicals for medical, spiritual, and magical purposes.
What did Alchemists have as their goals?
1) Philosophers Stone
2) Elixir of Life
3) The creation of Gold from lesser metals
What did Alchemists believe?
The spiritual world and physical word are inseparably connected.
Characteristics of known elements could effect a person’s spiritual and physical form.
What is a Scientific Law?
A concise statement that summarizes the results of many observations and experiments. It does not explain the “why” in between.
What is a Theory?
A well-tested explanation for a broad set of observations. Explains the relationship in between or “why”
