Test 1

Question 1

Biosphere

Answer 1

region of earth that includes earth’s thin crust, water, atmosphere and all organisms

Question 2

population

Answer 2

group of individuals of same species

ex: population of squirrels on campus

Question 3

habitat

Answer 3

place where organism lives-finds food, water, space and shelter or cover

Question 4

Biotic potential (BP)

Answer 4

theoretical maximum growth rate of population. Ex: pheasants (# of eggs can produce)

Question 5

environmental resistance (ER)

Answer 5

all factor cause mortality (death). ex: eaten by a mountain lion or factors that reduce # of births. ex: chemicals and fetus

Question 6

environmental resistance (ER)

Answer 6

all factor cause mortality (death). ex: eaten by a mountain lion or factors that reduce # of births. ex: chemicals and fetus

Question 7

carrying capacity

Answer 7

level at which maximum # of animals supported by environment. / if population increases above carrying capacity there will not be enough food to feed the population and they’ll starve

Question 8

limiting factor

Answer 8

is in short supply and limits population size. ex: not enough food

Question 9

density dependent

Answer 9

if population is low, there is plenty of food

Question 10

Prokaryotic kingdoms

Answer 10

lack nucleus in cell

Question 11

eukaryotic kingdom

Answer 11

has nucleus in cell

Question 12

protisans

Answer 12

producers and consumers/ single-celled and multi-cellular species

Question 13

fungi

Answer 13

multicelled/ consumers and decomposers

Question 14

plants

Answer 14

multicelled/ produce oxygen and make up food chain

Question 15

animals

Answer 15

multicelled consumers/ herbivores, carnivores, parasites, scavengers

Question 16

ecology

Answer 16

study of how organisms interact with each other and with their environments

Question 17

population

Answer 17

group of individuals of same species

Question 18

density-independent

Answer 18

not correlating with crowding present in population / ex: hurricane hits an area, may kill members of population

Question 19

World’s fastest growing regions

Answer 19

1. Africa 2. Latin America 3. Asia

Question 20

intraspecific competition

Answer 20

members of same species compete for resource

Question 21

interspecific competition

Answer 21

members of 2 different species compete for resource

Question 22

commensalism

Answer 22

one species benefits and the other is unaffected

Question 23

mutualism

Answer 23

both species benefit

Question 24

secondary succession

Answer 24

whenever there is a disturbance the forest can come back and won’t take as long cos soil is still there and has a seed bank/ seeds will germinate

Question 25

biodiversity

Answer 25

wealth of diversity in biological organisms

Question 26

ecosystem

Answer 26

communities of organisms that interact with each other and the physical and chemical substances in their environment

Question 27

photoautotrophs (producers)

Answer 27

plants, algae-only living organisms able to use energy directly from the sun

Question 28

heterotrophs (consumers, decomposers)

Answer 28

cant get energy from the sun

Question 29

second law of thermodynamics

Answer 29

in any transfer of energy from 1 level to another some energy is lost to system as heat

Question 30

biogeography

Answer 30

study of global geography of living organisms

Question 31

biome

Answer 31

large region of land characterized by climax community

Question 32

climax community

Answer 32

plant community that will continue to persist indefinitely even if we disturb it

Question 33

Tundra

Answer 33

far north of N. America, Europe, and Asia / one of the largest biomes, long winters and short summers, little rainfall or snow, permafrost: permanently frozen ground, least inhabited by humans

Question 34

Alpine Tundra

Answer 34

above tree line

Question 35

Boreal Forest/Taiga

Answer 35

South of Tundra in N. America, Europe and Asia / forests consist of Conifers-firs,pines and spruces, climate slightly warmer than Tundra- more rain and snowfall, resident mammals: Moose, Lynx, wolves, sparsely populated by humans

Question 36

Decidous Forest

Answer 36

Eastern part of N. America, Central Europe, and Eastern Asia/ forests consist of Hardwoods, Oaks and Maples/ Summers are warm and humid, winters cold with heavy snowfall/ mammals: red fox, deer / heavily populated by humans

Question 37

Grasslands

Answer 37

nearly all continents-occur between forest and desert biomes/ vegetation dominated by grasses- tall and short grass prairies/ low rainfall, summers are warm and winters cold with snow in N and rain in S./ most fertile soil of all biomes

Question 38

Deserts

Answer 38

African, N. and S. America, Europe, Asia and Australia/ low rainfall- extreme temp between day and night

Question 39

Mediterranean

Answer 39

countries bordering the Mediterranean sea, much of California, Chile, S. Australia, S. Africa/ vegetation is known as chaparral / summers warm and dry, winters w/ some rainfall, little snow / heavily impacted by humans

Question 40

Temperate rainforest

Answer 40

northwest coast of N. America, southern Chile, South Island of New Zealand, Southeastern Australia / dense and tall forests of Conifers-Douglas Fir, Redwood/ mild temps and high rainfall throughout year/ mammals: Black bear, deer, Spotted Owl / heavily impacted by logging

Question 41

Tropical rainforest

Answer 41

located near equator on many continents and islands/ tremendous biodiversity- 2/3rd of all living organisms / trees shallow-rooted cos of abundant rainfall- nutrients near soil surface / heavily impacted by logging/ tigers, jaguars

Question 42

Savanna

Answer 42

widely scattered in Africa and Asia/ vegetation- scattered trees in a grass-covered region/ zebras, elephants, lions.

Question 43

Aquatic

Answer 43

water covers 70% of earth/ includes oceans, estuaries, ponds, rivers streams, creeks, lakes, marshes, wetlands / estuaries: fresh water enters into ocean / barnacles, crocodiles, puffins, muskrats, Orcas, sea otters