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med term > test #1 > Flashcards

test #1 Flashcards

1
Q

ankyl/o

A

crooked, bent, stiff

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2
Q

chondr/o

A

cartilage

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3
Q

myel/o

A

spinal cord, bone marrow

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4
Q

synovi/o

A

synovial membrane, synovial fluid
- of joints

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5
Q

arthrodesis

A

surgical fusion of 2 bones to stiffen a joint, such as an ankle, elbow, or shoulder

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6
Q

kyphosis

A

abnormal increase in outward curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side

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7
Q

spondylosis

A

degenerative disorder that can cause the loss of normal spinal structure and function

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8
Q

osteochondroma

A

benign bony projection covered with cartilage

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9
Q

chondromalacia

A

abnormal softening of the cartilage

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10
Q

spongy bone

A

(cancellous bone)
- porous/sponge-like
- lighter/weaker than compact bone
- contains red bones marrow

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11
Q

osteoclasts

A

bone cells that break down old, damaged bone

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12
Q

cartilaginous joints

A

allows only slight movement and where bones connected by only cartilage
- ribs to sternum
- pubic symphysis

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13
Q

osteorrhaphy

A

surgical suturing/joining of fragments of broken bone, usually by wiring them together

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14
Q

-algia

A

pain, suffering

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15
Q

-rrhaphy

A

surgical sutring

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16
Q
  • rrhage
A

bleeding, abnormal excessive fluid discharge

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17
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition, disease

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18
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

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19
Q

-necrosis

A

tissue death

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20
Q

hist/o

A

tissue

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21
Q

dys-

A

bad, difficult, or painful

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22
Q

-lysis

A

to set free, break down

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23
Q

fibr/o

A

fibrous tissue, fiber

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24
Q

adduction

A

movement of a limb (arm/leg) toward midline of the body

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25
Q

heel spur

A

a calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the heel

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26
Q

hemiparesis

A

slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body

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27
Q

myorrhaphy

A

surgical suturing of a muscle

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28
Q

sarcopenia

A

the loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that comes with aging

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29
Q

physiatrist

A

physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function

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30
Q

abduction

A

movement of a limb (arm or leg) away from the midline of the body

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31
Q

atonic

A

lacking normal muscle tone or strength

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32
Q

dystonia

A

movement disorder characterized by the involuntary/sometimes repetitive contraction of certain muscles

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33
Q

epicondylitis

A

inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow

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34
Q

hemiplegia

A

total paralysis affecting only one side of the body

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35
Q

endemic

A

ongoing presence of disease within a population, group, or area
- common cold always present

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36
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

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37
Q

epidemic

A

sudden and widespread outbreak of a disease within a specific population group or area
- whooping cough not always present

38
Q

inflammation

A

localized response to an injury or to the destruction of tissues

39
Q

pathology

A

the study all aspects of diseases

40
Q

supination

A

act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward/upward

41
Q

tissues

A

a group of similarly specialized cells that work together to perform specific functions

42
Q

adenoma

A

benign tumor that starts in the epithelial tissue of a gland or gland-like structures

43
Q

cephalic

A

toward the head

44
Q

peritoneum

A

multilayered membrane that protects and holds the organs in place within the abdominal cavity

45
Q

cytoplasm

A

the material within the cell membrane that is not part of the nucleus

46
Q

anterior

A

situated in the front

47
Q

posterior

A

situated in the back or on the back part of an organ

48
Q

endo-

A

in, within, inside

49
Q

dysplasia

A

the abnormal development or growth of cells, or the presence of abnormal cells within a type of tissue

50
Q

hyperplasia

A

an increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ

51
Q

adipose tissue

A
  • fat
  • provides protective padding, insulation, and support
  • adip = fat, ose = pertaining to
52
Q

genome

A

complete set of genetic information of an organism

53
Q

epithelium

A

specialized epithelial tissue that forms the epidermis of the skin and the surface layer of mucous membranes

54
Q

cytology

A

study of the anatomy, physiology, pathology, and chemistry of the cell

55
Q

cytologist

A

specialist in the study/analysis of cells

56
Q

flexion

A

decreasing the angle between two bones by bending a limb at a joint
- knee/elbow bent

57
Q

extension

A

increasing angle between two bones or straightening out of a limb
- knee/elbow straightened

58
Q

tendonitis

A

acute inflammation or irritation of the tendons caused by excessive/unusual use of the joint

59
Q

voluntary muscles

A

conscious control over them
- skeletal muscle

60
Q

fasciotomy

A

surgical incision through the fascia to relieve tension or pressure

61
Q

-otomy

A

surgical incision

62
Q

anemia

A

disorder characterized by a lower-than-normal number of erythrocytes in the blood

63
Q

atherosclerosis

A

hardening and narrowing of the arteries due to a buildup of cholesterol plaque on the interior walls of the arteries

64
Q

erythrocytes

A

red blood cells produced by the red bone marrow
- transport oxygen to tissues

65
Q

myocardial infarction

A

the occlusion of one or more coronary arteries caused by plaque buildup

66
Q

cardiomyopathy

A

all diseases of the heart muscle

67
Q

-emia

A

blood, blood condition

68
Q

tachy-

A

fast, rapid

69
Q

angi/o

A

blood or lymph vessel

70
Q

ischemia

A

condition condition in which there is an insufficient supply of oxygen in the tissues due to restricted blood flow to part of the body
- ish - hold back

71
Q

-megaly

A

enlargement

72
Q

asystole

A

flat line - complete lack of electrical activity in the heart
- a - without
- systole - contraction

73
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

hardening of the arteries
- thickening and loss of elasticity of arterial walls
- artieri/o - artery
- sclerosis - abnormal hardening

74
Q

thrombocytosis

A

abnormal increase in the number of platelets in the circulating blood
- thromb/o - clot
- cyt - cell
- osis - abnormal condition

75
Q

epicardium

A

external layer of the heart and the inner layer of the pericardium
- epi - upon
- cardi - heart
- um - singular noun ending

76
Q

craniotomy

A

operation in which a small hole is made in the skull or a piece of bone from the skull is removed to show part of the brain

77
Q

cranioplasty

A

surgical repair of skull fractures or deformities

78
Q

tonsillectomy

A

surgery to remove the tonsils

79
Q

perinatal

A

relating to the time immediately before and after birth

80
Q

myc/o

A

pertaining to fungus

81
Q

polyarteritis

A

inflammation of the layers of an artery or of many artieres

82
Q

-scopy

A

viewing or observation, typically with instrument

83
Q

Huntington’s disease

A

rare degenerative disease where nerve cells break down in the brain

84
Q

plast/i

A

cell, organelle, granule

85
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

86
Q

melan/o

A

black

87
Q

-malacia

A

abnormal softening of something

88
Q

myocele

A

protrusion of a muscle through a rupture in its sheath

89
Q

-cele

A

swelling or hernia in specified part

90
Q

bundle of His

A

group of fibers located within the inter ventricular septum
- carry electrical impulse to ensure sequence of heart contractions

med term (9 decks)

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