ch. 9 urinary system Flashcards
1
Q
nephr/o, ren/o
A
kidneys
2
Q
pyel/o
A
renal pelvis
3
Q
ur/o, urin/o
A
urine
4
Q
ureter/o
A
ureters
5
Q
cyst/o
A
urinary bladder
6
Q
urethr/o
A
urethra
7
Q
prostat/o
A
prostate
8
Q
-cele
A
hernia, tumor, swelling
9
Q
dia
A
through, between, apart, complete
10
Q
glomerul/o
A
glomerulus
11
Q
hydr/o
A
water
12
Q
lith/o
A
stone, calculus
13
Q
-lysis
A
breakdown, separation, setting free
14
Q
-tripsy
A
to crush
15
Q
-uria
A
urination, urine
16
Q
vesic/o
A
urinary bladder
17
Q
ablation
A
some types of treatment of prostate cancer, involves removal of body part
18
Q
acute renal failure
A
sudden onset of kidney failure that may be caused by the kidneys not receiving enough blood
19
Q
anuria
A
absence of urine formation by the kidneys
20
Q
benign prostatic hyperplasia
A
abnormal enlargement of the prostate gland
21
Q
chronic kidney disease
A
progressive loss of renal function over months/years
22
Q
cystitis
A
inflammation of the bladder
23
Q
cystocele
A
hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall
24
Q
cystolith
A
stone located within the urinary bladder
25
cystoscopy
visual examination of the urinary bladder using a cystoscope
26
dialysis
procedure to remove waste products from the blood of patients whose kidneys no longer function
27
diuresis
increased output of urine
28
dysuria
difficult or painful urination
29
ectopic kidney
congenital condition in which one kidney is located in abnormal position or has fused with other kidney
30
edema
swelling caused by excessive fluid accumulation in body tissues
31
end-stage renal disease
final stage of chronic kidney disease
32
epispadias
congenital abnormality of urethral opening
- males: upper surface of penis
- females: region of clitoris
33
extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy
destruction of kidney stones using high-energy ultrasonic waves traveling through water or gel
34
glomerulonephritis
type of nephritis caused by inflammation of the glomeruli that causes red blood cells and proteins to leak into the urine
35
hemodialysis
process by which waste products are filtered directly from the patient's blood
36
hydronephrosis
dilation of one or both kidneys
37
hydroureter
distention of ureter with urine that cannot flow because of a ureteral obstructruction
38
hyperproteinuria
presence of abnormally high concentrations of protein in the urine
39
hypoproteinemia
presence of abnormally low concentrations of protein in the blood
40
hypospadias
congenital abnormality of urethral opening
- male: underside of penis
- female: into vagina
41
incontinence
inability to control excretion of urine, feces, or both
42
interstitial cystitis
inflammation of the bladder
43
intravenous pyelogram
set of x-ray images of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder
44
nephrolith
stone located in the kidney
45
nephrolithiasis
presence of stones in the kidney
46
nephrolysis
surgical freeing of a kidney from adhesions
47
nephrons
microscopic functional units of each kidney
48
nephropathy
any disease of the kidney
49
nephrostomy
placement of catheter to maintain opening between the pelvis of one or both kidneys to exterior of the body
50
nephrotic syndrome
group of conditions in which excessive amounts of protein are lost in the urine
51
neurogenic bladder
urinary problems caused by interference with the normal nerve pathways associated with urination
52
nocturia
frequent/excessive urination during the night
53
nocturnal enuresis
urinary incontinence during sleep
54
oliguria
scanty urination
55
percutaneous nephrolithotomy
surgical removal of kidney stone through small incision in the back
56
peritoneal dialysis
dialysis in which the lining of the peritoneal cavity acts as the filter to remove waste from the blood
57
polycystic kidney disease
genetic disorder characterized by growth of numbers fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys
58
polyuria
excessive urination
59
prostatism
disorder resulting from compression/obstruction of the urethra due to benign prostatic hyperplasia
60
pyelonephritis
inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney
61
pyelotomy
surgical incision into the renal pelvis
62
renal colic
acute pain in kidney area caused by blockage during passage of kidney stone
63
suprapubic catheterization
placement of urinary catheter into the bladder through a small incision above the pubic bone
64
transuretheral prostatectomy
removal of excess tissue from an enlarged prostate gland with use of recetoscope
65
uremia
kidney function compromised, urea and other waste products retained in blood
66
ureterolith
stone located anywhere along the ureter
67
ureterorrhagia
discharge of blood from the ureter
68
urethritis
inflammation of the urethra
69
urethroplasty
surgical repair of damage or a defect of the walls of the urethra
70
urethrorrhagia
bleeding from the urethra
71
urethrostenosis
narrowing of the urethra
72
urethrotomy
surgical incision into the urethra
73
urinary catherization
insertion of plastic catheter into bladder to withdraw urine
74
vesicovaginal fistula
abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina
75
voiding cystourethrography
fluoroscope used to examine the flow of urine from the bladder and through the urethra
76
Wilms tumor
rare type of malignant tumor of the kidney that occurs in young children
77
nephrologist
physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases/disorders of the kidneys
78
urologist
physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases/disorders of the urinary system
79
azotemia
elevation of blood urea nitrogen caused by lack of blood flow to each kidney
80
nephritis
inflammation of the kidney or kidneys
81
pyonephrosis
suppuration of the kidney
82
renal cell carcinoma
most common form of kidney cancer in adults
83
hydroureter
distention/swelling of ureter
84
cystalgia
pain in the bladder
85
vesicoureteral reflux
backward flow of urine into the ureters from the bladder
86
neurogenic bladder
urinary problem caused by interference with the normal nerve pathways associated with urination
87
urethrorrhea
abnormal discharge from urethra
88
urosepsis
life-threatening systemic bacterial infection that can occur when urinary tract infection spreads to the kidneys
89
urinary retention
inability to completely empty the bladder when attempting to urinate
90
urinalysis
examination of urine for the presence of abnormal elements
91
glomerular filtration rate
blood test to check how well the kidneys are functioning at filtering blood
92
computed tomography
radiographic imaging of the abdomen
93
cystography
x-ray/fluoroscopy examination of the bladder after a contrast medium is instilled through a catheter
94
KUB
x-ray study without use of contract medium
95
retrograde pyelogram
x-ray of urinary system taken after a contract medium has been instilled into one or both ureters
96
PSA
prostate-specific antigen blood test
97
diuretics
medications administered to increase urine secretion
98
ureterectomy
surgical removal of a ureter
99
urethrescopy
treatment for a nephrolith lodged in the ureter
100
ilial conduit
small piece of intestine used to convey urine to ureters and to a stoma in the abdomen
101
lithotomy
surgical incision for the removal of a nephrolith from the bladder
102
indwelling catheter
remains inside body for prolonged period of time
103
intermittent catheter
inserted as needed several times a day
104
meatotomy
surgical incision made in urethral meatus to enlarge opening
