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med term > ch. 9 urinary system > Flashcards

ch. 9 urinary system Flashcards

1
Q

nephr/o, ren/o

A

kidneys

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2
Q

pyel/o

A

renal pelvis

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3
Q

ur/o, urin/o

A

urine

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4
Q

ureter/o

A

ureters

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5
Q

cyst/o

A

urinary bladder

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6
Q

urethr/o

A

urethra

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7
Q

prostat/o

A

prostate

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8
Q

-cele

A

hernia, tumor, swelling

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9
Q

dia

A

through, between, apart, complete

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10
Q

glomerul/o

A

glomerulus

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11
Q

hydr/o

A

water

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12
Q

lith/o

A

stone, calculus

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13
Q

-lysis

A

breakdown, separation, setting free

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14
Q

-tripsy

A

to crush

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15
Q

-uria

A

urination, urine

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16
Q

vesic/o

A

urinary bladder

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17
Q

ablation

A

some types of treatment of prostate cancer, involves removal of body part

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18
Q

acute renal failure

A

sudden onset of kidney failure that may be caused by the kidneys not receiving enough blood

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19
Q

anuria

A

absence of urine formation by the kidneys

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20
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

abnormal enlargement of the prostate gland

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21
Q

chronic kidney disease

A

progressive loss of renal function over months/years

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22
Q

cystitis

A

inflammation of the bladder

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23
Q

cystocele

A

hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall

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24
Q

cystolith

A

stone located within the urinary bladder

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25
Q

cystoscopy

A

visual examination of the urinary bladder using a cystoscope

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26
Q

dialysis

A

procedure to remove waste products from the blood of patients whose kidneys no longer function

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27
Q

diuresis

A

increased output of urine

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28
Q

dysuria

A

difficult or painful urination

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29
Q

ectopic kidney

A

congenital condition in which one kidney is located in abnormal position or has fused with other kidney

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30
Q

edema

A

swelling caused by excessive fluid accumulation in body tissues

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31
Q

end-stage renal disease

A

final stage of chronic kidney disease

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32
Q

epispadias

A

congenital abnormality of urethral opening
- males: upper surface of penis
- females: region of clitoris

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33
Q

extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy

A

destruction of kidney stones using high-energy ultrasonic waves traveling through water or gel

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34
Q

glomerulonephritis

A

type of nephritis caused by inflammation of the glomeruli that causes red blood cells and proteins to leak into the urine

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35
Q

hemodialysis

A

process by which waste products are filtered directly from the patient’s blood

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36
Q

hydronephrosis

A

dilation of one or both kidneys

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37
Q

hydroureter

A

distention of ureter with urine that cannot flow because of a ureteral obstructruction

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38
Q

hyperproteinuria

A

presence of abnormally high concentrations of protein in the urine

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39
Q

hypoproteinemia

A

presence of abnormally low concentrations of protein in the blood

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40
Q

hypospadias

A

congenital abnormality of urethral opening
- male: underside of penis
- female: into vagina

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41
Q

incontinence

A

inability to control excretion of urine, feces, or both

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42
Q

interstitial cystitis

A

inflammation of the bladder

43
Q

intravenous pyelogram

A

set of x-ray images of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder

44
Q

nephrolith

A

stone located in the kidney

45
Q

nephrolithiasis

A

presence of stones in the kidney

46
Q

nephrolysis

A

surgical freeing of a kidney from adhesions

47
Q

nephrons

A

microscopic functional units of each kidney

48
Q

nephropathy

A

any disease of the kidney

49
Q

nephrostomy

A

placement of catheter to maintain opening between the pelvis of one or both kidneys to exterior of the body

50
Q

nephrotic syndrome

A

group of conditions in which excessive amounts of protein are lost in the urine

51
Q

neurogenic bladder

A

urinary problems caused by interference with the normal nerve pathways associated with urination

52
Q

nocturia

A

frequent/excessive urination during the night

53
Q

nocturnal enuresis

A

urinary incontinence during sleep

54
Q

oliguria

A

scanty urination

55
Q

percutaneous nephrolithotomy

A

surgical removal of kidney stone through small incision in the back

56
Q

peritoneal dialysis

A

dialysis in which the lining of the peritoneal cavity acts as the filter to remove waste from the blood

57
Q

polycystic kidney disease

A

genetic disorder characterized by growth of numbers fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys

58
Q

polyuria

A

excessive urination

59
Q

prostatism

A

disorder resulting from compression/obstruction of the urethra due to benign prostatic hyperplasia

60
Q

pyelonephritis

A

inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney

61
Q

pyelotomy

A

surgical incision into the renal pelvis

62
Q

renal colic

A

acute pain in kidney area caused by blockage during passage of kidney stone

63
Q

suprapubic catheterization

A

placement of urinary catheter into the bladder through a small incision above the pubic bone

64
Q

transuretheral prostatectomy

A

removal of excess tissue from an enlarged prostate gland with use of recetoscope

65
Q

uremia

A

kidney function compromised, urea and other waste products retained in blood

66
Q

ureterolith

A

stone located anywhere along the ureter

67
Q

ureterorrhagia

A

discharge of blood from the ureter

68
Q

urethritis

A

inflammation of the urethra

69
Q

urethroplasty

A

surgical repair of damage or a defect of the walls of the urethra

70
Q

urethrorrhagia

A

bleeding from the urethra

71
Q

urethrostenosis

A

narrowing of the urethra

72
Q

urethrotomy

A

surgical incision into the urethra

73
Q

urinary catherization

A

insertion of plastic catheter into bladder to withdraw urine

74
Q

vesicovaginal fistula

A

abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina

75
Q

voiding cystourethrography

A

fluoroscope used to examine the flow of urine from the bladder and through the urethra

76
Q

Wilms tumor

A

rare type of malignant tumor of the kidney that occurs in young children

77
Q

nephrologist

A

physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases/disorders of the kidneys

78
Q

urologist

A

physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases/disorders of the urinary system

79
Q

azotemia

A

elevation of blood urea nitrogen caused by lack of blood flow to each kidney

80
Q

nephritis

A

inflammation of the kidney or kidneys

81
Q

pyonephrosis

A

suppuration of the kidney

82
Q

renal cell carcinoma

A

most common form of kidney cancer in adults

83
Q

hydroureter

A

distention/swelling of ureter

84
Q

cystalgia

A

pain in the bladder

85
Q

vesicoureteral reflux

A

backward flow of urine into the ureters from the bladder

86
Q

neurogenic bladder

A

urinary problem caused by interference with the normal nerve pathways associated with urination

87
Q

urethrorrhea

A

abnormal discharge from urethra

88
Q

urosepsis

A

life-threatening systemic bacterial infection that can occur when urinary tract infection spreads to the kidneys

89
Q

urinary retention

A

inability to completely empty the bladder when attempting to urinate

90
Q

urinalysis

A

examination of urine for the presence of abnormal elements

91
Q

glomerular filtration rate

A

blood test to check how well the kidneys are functioning at filtering blood

92
Q

computed tomography

A

radiographic imaging of the abdomen

93
Q

cystography

A

x-ray/fluoroscopy examination of the bladder after a contrast medium is instilled through a catheter

94
Q

KUB

A

x-ray study without use of contract medium

95
Q

retrograde pyelogram

A

x-ray of urinary system taken after a contract medium has been instilled into one or both ureters

96
Q

PSA

A

prostate-specific antigen blood test

97
Q

diuretics

A

medications administered to increase urine secretion

98
Q

ureterectomy

A

surgical removal of a ureter

99
Q

urethrescopy

A

treatment for a nephrolith lodged in the ureter

100
Q

ilial conduit

A

small piece of intestine used to convey urine to ureters and to a stoma in the abdomen

101
Q

lithotomy

A

surgical incision for the removal of a nephrolith from the bladder

102
Q

indwelling catheter

A

remains inside body for prolonged period of time

103
Q

intermittent catheter

A

inserted as needed several times a day

104
Q

meatotomy

A

surgical incision made in urethral meatus to enlarge opening

med term (9 decks)

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