test 1 1113 Flashcards
what is in the patient registration form
patient information, insurance, responsible party, date and signature
how do you examine soft tissue
observe behavior, seat in an upright position, explain the procedure, examine, document findings
what are the vital signs
temperature, pulse, respiration, blood pressure
what are contraindications
a sign that you should not use a type of drug or medicine
what are the contraindications of nitrous oxide (laughing gas)
respiratory problems
what are the types of local anesthetics
long and short infiltration (long lasts over 1 hour)
what is an antibiotic
a drug that can directly kill an infecting organism or inhibit the production of bacteria
what is an analgesic
a drug used to prevent pain by blocking or reducing pain signals
describe block
when an anesthesia is injected in a larger nerve or nerve trunk
describe field block
targets a nerve further down the line than full block and numbs less area
describe aspiration
when the dentist checks if blood enters the needle so he knows if he will inject into the bloodstream or not
what are the gauges of needle
25,27,30
is a higher gauge thicker or thinner
thinner
what are high gauge needles used for
infiltration
what is paresthesia
abnormal feeling of nerves caused by pressure or damage to the nerves
what are the effects on the teeth that come with age
decay, gum recession, xerostomia, discoloration
describe muscle distrophy
a disorder that cause progressive muscle weakness and degeneration
describe Parkinson’s
A neurodegenerative disorder affecting movement, characterized by tremors, stiffness, slowness due to loss of dopamine producing neurons
describe cerebral paulsy
A neurological disorder caused by brain damage before or during birth, leading to impaired muscle coordination, movement, and posture (walter jr)
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Also known as Lou Gehrig’s disease, ALS is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, leading to muscle weakness and eventual paralysis
Osteoarthritis
A degenerative joint disease where cartilage wears down over time, causing pain, stiffness, and reduced joint mobility, most commonly in the knees, hips, and hands
what are the types of seizures
Absence Seizures (Petit Mal), tonic (stiff), atonic (relaxed), myoclonic (short jerking), clonic (periods of shaking and jerking)
describe cardiovascular disorders in patients
angina (chest pain), hypertension, heart failure. avoid stressful appointments, use nitrous oxide
what are the complications and examples of respiratory disorders
asthma, bronchitis, anesthetic may be more sensitive to anesthetics
what is Hyperthyroidism
a condition where the thyroid gland produces excessive amounts of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4). These hormones regulate metabolism, so an overactive thyroid speeds up bodily functions (rapid heartrate, sweating, anxiety)
what is diabetes militis
a chronic condition where the body has trouble regulating blood sugar (glucose) levels, either due to a lack of insulin production or the body’s inability to use insulin effectively
describe down syndrome
a genetic disorder caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21
describe Alzheimer’s disease
a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects memory, thinking, and behavior. It is the most common cause of dementia in older adults
describe cerebrovascular accident
occurs when blood flow to a part of the brain is interrupted
describe autism
a developmental disorder that affects communication, behavior, and social interaction
describe schizophrenia
a serious mental health disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves. It is characterized by a disconnection from reality
what are the classes of furcation
class 1 - can be probed but not radiographed, class 2 - can be entered but does not penetrate, class 3 - covered by soft tissue with complete involvement on both sides, class 4 - not covered by soft tissue
describe generic name
The standardized name used for the active ingredient in all forms of the drug, regardless of brand
describe the chemical name
the molecular structure of the drug
what is listed on a prescription
superscription (patient information), rx (Latin for take), inscription(drug name), subscription (directions), signature ,DEA number
Describe the tooth movement classes
Class 1 - moved up to one mm, class 2 - more than 1 mm, class 3 - depressable
What are the classes of care
Class 1 - emergency, class 2 - functional, class 3 - optimal (vanity)
How does parastesia happen
When you sterilize a cartridge
What drugs are included in an emergency kit
Epinephrine, albuterol (inhaler), diphenhydramine (allergies), aspirin, nitroglycerin, ammonia inhalants, glucose, naloxone (narcan)
What are the probing scores
0 - colored area visible, 1 - bleeding occurs when probed, 2 - detectable calculus and margins, 3 partially visible, 4 - not visible
Describe cavity classifications
1 small dots, 2 proximal molars, 3 proximal incisors, 4 proximal incisor and Incisal edge (tip), 5 near roots, 6 tips
What are the stages of aging patients
Functional, frail, dependent
What are the categories of special needs
1 - healthy, 2 - need special appointments or schedules 3 - life long implications, 4 - more significant accommodations, 5 - require serious accommodations
