1114 Test 2 Flashcards
What shape of collimator is better (less radiation)
Rectangular
What is primary radiation
Usable radiation
What is secondary radiation
Radiation that interacts with matter
What is scattered radiation
Radiation that is reflected off a surface
What’s the different between intraoral and extra oral
The film is placed either in or outside the mouth
What does lightness in x rays come from
Underdeveloped film
What must you and the dentist do if a patient refuses an x ray
Use all efforts to inform them of the risks they will endure if they do not get an x ray
How is quality assured in dental x rays
Quality control tests, records, ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable)
Describe how the wavelength determines the power of radiation.
The shorter the wavelength the more punch/power
Which items have the longest and shortest wavelengths (in order)
Radio, microwave, sun, dental radiography
Describe cathode and anode
Cathode (tungsten filament, sends electrodes), anode (target for electrodes),
Describe the PID
The tube that guides the x rays, lead lined
What are the characteristics of x rays
Invisible and undetectable, no mass or weight, no charge, travels at speed of light, short wavelength and high frequency
Which cells are most affected by radiation
Small lymphocytes, bone marrow, reproductive cells
Describe periapicals
Used for checking root health and bone loss
Describe bitewings
Used to view teeth interproximally
Describe panaramic x rays
For viewing wisdom teeth, jaw disorders, oral cancer or orthodontics
What should you get the patient to do before taking x rays
Remove earrings, stand straight up, lift their tongue to the top of their mouth
What sequence should you take x rays
Quadrant 1,3,2,4. back to front
How are x rays measured
Quality (wavelength) - penetration, quantity - number of x rays, intensity - number of electrons
Which has more shades of grey higher or lower KVP
Higher the kVp the more shades of grey (less contrast)
What are the advantages of digitial radiography
Less radiation, more options (colors, size), no physical documents
What information do you get from occlusal x rays
Root tips and stones
What is the quality of an x ray
Penetration (kvp)
What is quantity and intensity of x rays
The number of x rays and the number of electrons (MA)
What are cone beam x rays used to view
Impacted teeth
What are the x ray errors
Cone-cut (misalignment), overlapping contacts (incorrect horizontal angulation, foreshortening (excessive verticality), blurring (movement), dark (kVp is off)
What are potential errors of panoramic x rays
Improper position, kept jewelry on, tongue not on palate
Describe bitewing x ray procedure
Position patient, lead apron with thyroid collar, explain,
What materials appear as light on an x ray
Dense material
