Terms to Remember

Question 1

specific study of disease

Answer 1

pathology

Question 2

cause of disease

Answer 2

etiology

Question 3

manner in which disease develops

Answer 3

pathogenesis

Question 4

degree of pathogenicity

Answer 4

virulence

Question 5

invasion or colonization of the body by pathogenic microorganisms

Answer 5

infection

Question 6

when infection results in any change from a state of health

Answer 6

disease

Question 7

veetative living

Answer 7

antisepsis

Question 8

vegetative inanimatee

Answer 8

disinefection

Question 9

injection site

Answer 9

degerming

Question 10

vegetative spore; autoclave

Answer 10

sterilization

Question 11

for canned goods and the likes

Answer 11

commercial sterilization

Question 12

reduction to reduce transmission

Answer 12

sanitation/sanitization

Question 13

microbial agents that are applied to the surface of non-living objects to destroy microorganisms

Answer 13

disinfectants

Question 14

an ideal antimicrobial agent exhibits _________, wherein the drug is harmful to the pathogen but not to the host

Answer 14

selective toxicity

Question 15

four major sites in the bacterial cell that are sufficiently different from the human cell that they serve as the basis for the action of clinically effective drugs

Answer 15

• cell wall
• ribosomes
• nucleic acids
• cell membrane

Question 16

agents produced from a microorganism that can inhibit the growth of other microorganisms

Answer 16

antibiotics

Question 17

type of antibiotic that kills bacteria

Answer 17

bactericidal

Question 18

type of antibiotic that inhibits growth but does not kill them

Answer 18

bacteriostatic

Question 19

type of antibiotic that inhibits growth but does not kill them

Answer 19

bacteriostatic

Question 20

type of antibiotic that are active against SEVERAL types of microorganisms

Answer 20

broad-spectrum antibiotics

Question 21

active against many gram-negative rods, chlamydiae, mycoplasmas, and rickettsiae

Answer 21

tetracyclines

Question 22

type of antibiotic that are active against one or very few types

Answer 22

narrow-spectrum antibiotics

Question 23

primarily used against certain gram positive cocci, namely staphylococci and enterococci

Answer 23

vancomycin