MOA and ribosomal units

Question 1

Aminoglycosides

Answer 1

30S

Question 2

Tetracyclines

Answer 2

30S

Question 3

Chloramphenicol

Answer 3

50S

Question 4

Erythromycin

Answer 4

50S

Question 5

Clindamycin

Answer 5

50S

Question 6

Linezolid

Answer 6

50S

Question 7

Telithromycin

Answer 7

50S

Question 8

Streptogramins

Answer 8

50S

Question 9

Active against gram-negative rods primarily through binding to PBP3 but not against gram-positive bacteria or anaerobes.

Answer 9

monobactams

Question 10

first clinically useful monobactam

Answer 10

aztreonam

Question 11

widest spectrum of b-lactam antibiotics

Answer 11

carbapenems

Question 12

Directly bind to the d-alanyl-d-alanine portion of the pentapeptide, which blocks the transpeptidation.
* It also inhibits a second enzyme,
transglycosylase.

Answer 12

vancomycin

Question 13

Prevent the dephosphorylation of the
phospholipid that carries the peptidoglycan subunit across the cell membrane. This blocks the regeneration of the lipid carrier and inhibits cell wall synthesis.

Answer 13

bacitracin

Question 14

Inhibit cell wall synthesis by inhibiting the
activity of alanine racemase and d-alanyl-d-alanine ligase.

Answer 14

cycloserine

Question 15

Bind to cell membranes rich in
phosphatidylethanolamine and destroying
membrane functions of active transport and permeability barrier.

Answer 15

polymyxins

Question 16

Inhibit protein synthesis of bacteria by
attaching to and inhibiting the function of the 30S subunit of the bacterial ribosome.

Answer 16

aminoglycosides

Question 17

Inhibit the binding of amino-acyl-tRNA to the 30S unit of bacterial ribosomes

Answer 17

tetracyclines

Question 18

Synthetic analogs of the tetracyclines.

Answer 18

glycylcyclines

Question 19

attach to a receptor (a 23S rRNA)
on the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome. they inhibit protein synthesis by interfering with translocation reactions and the formation of initiation complexes.

Answer 19

macrolides

Question 20

Resemble erythromycin in mode of action,
antibacterial spectrum, and ribosomal
receptor site but are chemically distinct.

Answer 20

lincosamides

Question 21

Block the attachment of amino acids to the nascent peptide chain on the 50S unit of ribosomes by interfering with the action of peptidyl transferase.

Answer 21

chloramphenicol

Question 22

bind to the 23S ribosomal RNA in the 50S
subunit and inhibits protein synthesis.

Answer 22

oxazolidinones

Question 23

cause premature release of the growing
peptide chain from the 50S ribosomal
subunit.

Answer 23

streptogramins

Question 24

inhibition of bacterial DNA synthesis by
blocking of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV.

Answer 24

quinolones and fluoroquinolones

Question 25

bind strongly to DNA-dependent RNA
polymerase and thus inhibit RNA synthesis in bacteria.

Answer 25

rifamycins

Question 26

competitive inhibition of PABA utilization by blocking dihydropteroate synthetase.

Answer 26

sulfonamides

Question 27

inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase

Answer 27

trimethoprim, pyrimethamine, trimetrexate

Question 28

Act on mycobacteria by inhibiting the
synthesis of mycolic acids and also by
inhibiting the catalase-peroxidase enzyme.

Answer 28

isoniazid

Question 29

Act by blocking arabinosyl transferase
thereby inhibiting the synthesis of
arabinogalactan.

Answer 29

ethambutol

Question 30

Act by inhibiting a fatty acid synthetase that prevents the synthesis of mycolic acid.

Answer 30

Pyrazinamide