Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

7/13/15 NBCOT Exam > Terms > Flashcards

Terms Flashcards

1
Q

visual discrimination

A

the ability to discriminate dominant features of objects as to discriminate position, shapes/forms/colors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

form constancy

A

match the shape of the stimulus though it might be smaller/bigger/darker than the stimuli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

visual perception

A

the way the brain interprets sensory information received from the environment. The information is processed by cognitive functions which cause the pt to respond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

visual closure

A

ability to perceive a whole figure when only fragments are presented.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

spatial relationship/spatial orientation

A

ability to orient one’s body in space an to perceive the positions of objects in pictures/figures/patterns that are rotated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

figure-ground

A

ability to distinguish an object from background objects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Diplopia

A

double vision

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Bradykinesia

A

Slowed motor movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Dysmetria

A

Decreased coordination of movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Rigidity

A

Muscle stiffness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Festinating Gait

A

Small rapid steps resulting from a forward-tilted head and trunk posture.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Muscle Atrophy

A

Decrease in the mass of a muscle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Isometric Exercises

A

Are muscle tightening exercises performed with no muscle joint movement. Their action is to increase circulation for healing and strengthening muscles with minimal joint irritation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Thrombosis

A

Formation of a clot in the blood that blocks or partially blocks a blood vessel.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Unilateral Neglect

A

Failure to pay attention to one side of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Backward chaining

A

the therapist performs the first several steps of a task and the pt is able to complete the last step of the task

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Forward Chaining

A

Therapist encourages pt to complete the first step of the task while the therapist completes the rest of the task

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Phantom sensation

A

A sensation that appears to occur in the missing limb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

transradial amputation

A

below the elbow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

transmetacarpal amputation

A

below the wrist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Passive TD - Amputee

A

nonfunctional hand worn for cosmetic purposes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Active TB - Amputee

A

body-powered, externally powered amputation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Contractures

A

Contracture is an abnormal shortening or tightening of connective tissue or MUSCLE that impedes proper movement of a JOINT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Prothesis wearing schedule

A

initial wearing time of 15-30 minutes-examine area for redness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Arthroplasty

A

joint replacement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Osteopenia

A

reversible weakening of the bone and is a precursor to osteoporosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Agnosia

A

Inability to interpret sensations hence not able to recognize things.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Aphasia

A

Absence or impairment of ability to communicate through writing, speech or signs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Loss of Executive Function

A

Impairment to think abstractly, plan, initiate, sequence, monitor and stop complex behaviors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Body Image

A

The overall mental picture of what one’s body looks like not how one feels about their body’s appearance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Self-Image

A

Impression of ‘who one is’ based on thoughts and feelings about oneself.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Atrial Septal deficits

A

“wet lungs” to much blood sent to the lungs. Can lead to respiratory infection and poor exercise tolerance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Ventricular septal deficits

A

Feeding difficulties, shortness of breath, increased respiratory infections, fatigue and delayed growth can occur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

dyspnea

A

labored breathing; shortness of breath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot - Decrease pulmonary blood flow

A

Symptoms - central cyanosis, coagulation defects, clubbing of fingers/toes, feeding difficulties, dyspnea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

central cyanosis

A

blue/purple color of skin due to low oxygen saturation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

comorbid condition

A

one or more additional disorders/diseases co-occurring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Bradydysrhythmia

A

abnormal slow heart rate (less than 60 beats/minmay need a pacemaker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Tachydysrhythmia

A

abnormal fast heart rate at 200-300 beats/min-common in kids-can lead to congestive heart failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

pallor

A

pale color of the skin caused by illness, stress or anemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

anemia

A

decrease in the amount of red blood cells in the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Erythrocytosis

A

Too many red and white blood cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Hemophilia

A

Absence or reduction of clotting blood proteins found mostly in men

  • longer bleeding times-three types
  • signs are: excessive bleeding/bruising spontaneous bleeding and nosebleeds
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Anemia

A
  • caused by iron deficiency

- treated through diet (iron rich foods)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Sickle Cell Anemia

A

abnormally shaped red blood cells-most common in african-americans

  • at risk for organ damage due to blocked blood flow
  • decreased energy for daily tasks-teach pain management
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

strain - soft tissue

A

trauma to the muscle or muscle-tendon insertion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

sprain - soft tissue

A

rapid swelling, heat, and impaired function to a ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

bruise - soft tissue (contusion)

A

impact into the subcutaneous tissue w/skin discoloration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

Complete Fracture

A

bone is broken all the way through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

Comminuted fracture

A

bone is broke into many splintered pieces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Compound fracture

A

broken bone leads to an external wound w/bone protruding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

Greenstick fracture

A

bone is partially broken and bent-only in kids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

Mild IQ between 55-70

A

Ability to learn academic skills at the third-seventh grade level able to work w/min support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

Moderate IQ between 40-55

A

Academic skills at the second grade level and able to perform unskilled as well as some skilled work tasks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Severe IQ between 25-40

A

Able to communicate and perform some basic ADLs and health habits often needing support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

Profound IQ below 25

A

Requires caregiver assistance for basic tasks

57
Q

NDT Approach to Hand writting

A

-good for kids w/poor postural control, poor automatic reactions and limited limb control, kids with tone issues and poor proximal stability.

  • Promote proximal joint stability
  • Improve hand function
58
Q

Acquisitional Approach to Handwiriting

A
  • Implemented in brief, daily lessons.
  • Individual to each child.
  • Cognitive phase: develop a Cognitive strategy for the necessary motor movement.
  • Associate phase: Proprioceptive feedback and visual cues.
59
Q

Sensorimotor Approach to Handwriting

A

Various sensory experiences, media, and materials are incorporated.

-Multiple writing tools, writing surfaces, and positions for writing should be offered.

60
Q

Biomechanical approach to Handwriting

A
  • Ergonomic factors that influence writing production.

- Sitting posture, table suraces, paper position, pencil grip.

61
Q

Psychosocial approach to Handwriting

A
  • Improving self-control, coping skills, social behaviors.
  • Communicating the importance of good handwriting to the child.
  • Opportunities to enhance self-confidence are provided.
62
Q

What is Ayres Sensory Integration?

A

Proximal senses are emphasized; these senses are thought to dominate a child’s early life experiences.
-vestibular-tactile-proprioceptive

63
Q

Neurologically based concerns concerning sensory integration is?

A
  • Optimal brain function is based on sensory input.

- a lack of sensory input at critical points in development may result in learning or behavioral disorders.

64
Q

somatodyspraxia

A

poor ability to conceptualize, plan and execute motor actions associated w/signs of poor perception

65
Q

visual agnosia

A

difficulty recognizing objects

66
Q

ideational apraxia

A

difficulty conceptualizing planned, multistep movements

67
Q

motor apraxia

A

difficulty completing planned movements

68
Q

spatial relations/positioning

A

difficulty perceiving distance/object placement

69
Q

Dysarthria

A

articulation disorder resulting from paralysis of the organs of speech

70
Q

Anomic aphasia

A

difficulty finding words

71
Q

Wernicke’s aphasia/Receptive aphasia

A

impaired auditory reception, speech may be fluent but is often meaningless/nonsensical

72
Q

Broca’s aphasia

A

broken speech, slow labored speech

73
Q

global aphasia

A

loss of all language ability

74
Q

A right CVA produces a….

A

left hemiplegia

75
Q

A left CVA produces a…

A

right hemiplegia

76
Q

Transient ischemic attacks (TIA)

A

result from vascular disease in the brain and may be mild, either single or multiple. (ministrokes)

77
Q

Athetosis

A

fluctuation of tone from low to normal w/little spasticity

78
Q

Nystagmus

A

reflexive back-and-fourth movement of the eyes when the head moves

79
Q

Muscular Dystrophies

A

Progressive degeneration and weakness of muscle groups.

80
Q

orientation is?

A

awareness of person, place, and time

81
Q

anterograde amnesia

A

is the inability to recall events after a trauma

82
Q

retrograde amnesia

A

is the inability to recall events prior to a trauma

83
Q

long-term memory

A

the storage of information for recall at a later time

84
Q

neuroleptic medication can lead to

A

photosensitivity and protection from the sun

85
Q

precautions for postural hypotension

A

encourage pt to move slowly when changing positions from sitting to standing

86
Q

Sedentary work

A

exerting as much as 10lb of force.

-sitting most of the time and walking/standing occasionally

87
Q

Light Work

A

exerting as much as 20lb of force constantly

walking/standing significant degree

88
Q

Medium work

A

20-50lbs of force

10-25lbs of force frequently

89
Q

Heavy work

A

50-100lb of force

90
Q

very heavy work

A

100lb force occasionally

91
Q

ergonomics

A

improve health, safety and efficiency of both the worker and the work place

92
Q

work readiness

A

identify the goals for work and plan for returning to work

93
Q

work simulations

A

the pt performs tasks similar to the actual job.

treatment not an evaluation

94
Q

grading

A

upgrading/downgrading an activity step-by-step

95
Q

scaffolding

A

ot helps pt with parts of the task that are to hard but allows the pt to finish

96
Q

fading

A

ot slowly lessons or eliminates their support

97
Q

coaching

A

communicating expectations and support to help the pt perform at a task

98
Q

adaptation/modification

A

changing the activity demands to match a person’s current ability.

  • make activity need less cognitive skill
  • AE
99
Q

Compensatory technology for cognition

A
  • memory aides
  • time management devices
  • promoting, cueing, coaching
100
Q

Ramp lift demand

A

1 foot for every 1 ft height

101
Q

Doorway width demand

A

32 inches

102
Q

Wheelchair turning space demands

A

60 by 60 inches

103
Q

cessation

A

Being brought to an end

104
Q

Allodynia

A

sensation misinterpreted as pain

105
Q

Hyperalgia

A

increased response to painful stimuli

106
Q

Hyperpathia

A

pain that continues after stimuli is removed

107
Q

What is cumulative trauma disorder (CTD)?

A

trauma to soft tissue caused by repeated force

Symptoms of CTD
-muscle fatigue, pain, chronic inflammation, sensory impairment

108
Q

Work-related risk factors of CTD

A

repetition, high force, direct pressure, vibration, poor posture

109
Q

work hardening

A

aggressive approach focuses on the functional aspect of the job. Work stimulation tasks with small components of strength and conditioning blended in.

110
Q

Work Conditioning

A

strengthening and conditioning tasks to restore function

111
Q

tendon excursion

A

the distance a tendon travels upon movement of a joint

112
Q

The Duran protocol

A

an early passive ROM program

113
Q

Kleinert Protocol

A

active extension of digits w/passive flexion via traction, typically a rubber band

114
Q

The early active motion protocol

A

begins within days of surgery to prevent adhesion and promote gliding and excursion

115
Q

tendon glides exercises

A

to promote circulation in the hand to reduce swelling

116
Q

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES)

A

promote tendon excursion and activation

117
Q

Micrographia

A

smaller and smaller handwriting

118
Q

hypophonia

A

reduced volume of speech

119
Q

apathy

A

lack of interest, enthusiasm, or concern

120
Q

Task-oriented group

A

focus on the process of producing something as a group

  • picnic lunch
  • clinic newsletter
121
Q

Activity groups

A

focus on function and replicating living in the community with an emphasis on direct experience and the use of an activity to develop skills

122
Q

Group dynamics

A

properties of a group that emerge from the interventions among group members

123
Q

Group process

A

how things are said/done and how the group goes about accomplishing its goals

124
Q

therapeutic groups

A

have measurable and defined structure that includes a time frame.

125
Q

Group leader

A

to guide the activity of the group

126
Q

If the pts of a group have low cognitive abilities how should the OT leadership style be?

A

-more directive= provides more directions and structure and is more prescriptive in directing the way group activities unfold

127
Q

If the pts of a group have fair to good insight and motivation how should the OT leadership style be?

A

-facilitative= allows the pts to take responsibility for some group activities while maintaining control over goals/decision making

128
Q

If the pts of a group are mature (able to work together effectively in resolving conflicts) and has high verbal abilities how should the OT leadership style be?

A

advisory= works alongside the group participants in a coaching capacity. Enables group members to perform at their highest capacity.

129
Q

Parallel Group

A

pts complete tasks side by side w/little or no interaction between or among them

130
Q

Cooperative Group

A

taking care of each others needs is part of the group process

131
Q

Occupations groups

A

groups centered on occupations (cooking/gardening)

132
Q

Context Groups

A

groups designed around specific contexts (social networking/support groups)

133
Q

Performance skills/client factors groups

A

groups designed around cognitive skills/muscle strengthening/social skills

134
Q

Performance patterns groups

A

groups centered on concepts such as parenting, restoring balance, exploration of new habits.

135
Q

Psychodynamic groups

A

allow pts to explore the symbolic meaning of activities and group process.

  • impulse control
  • self-expression
136
Q

Cognitive-behavioral groups

A

seek to change the pts response or the way they think about using relaxation/stress management tech

teach skills such as role playing

137
Q

Cognitive-behavioral groups principles

A

shaping - behaviors or reinforced/rewarded

chaining - one step is learned at a time until all steps are learned

reinforcement - positive feedback about a desired behavior

practice - repetition of behaviors to improve

138
Q

Kawa Model Group

A

“river” - serves as a metaphor for a person’s life and the variables of occupation within it

7/13/15 NBCOT Exam (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions