Extra Flashcards
What is mirror therapy?
designed to strengthen arms/hands weakened by a stroke. We ‘trick’ the brain thinking that the weaker arm is moving.
visual perceptual assessment
The Motor-Free Visual Perceptual Test
-used w/the neurologically impaired.
Prosthetic Interventions
- Don/doff prosthesis
- training in limb hygiene
- wound healing w/whirlpools and massage
- limb shrinkage and shaping
- desensitization of the limb through WB on surfaces, massage, tapping/rubbing
- increasing flexibility/strength of limb to prevent flexion contractures
Standards of body mechanics
- bend from the hip
- avoid twisting
- maintain good posture
- carry loads close to the body
- lift w/a wide base of support
Chemotherapy Precautions
- Use a mask
- restricted diet
- screening for anxiety, depression, fatigue
Radiation Precautions
- assistance to maintain ROM and avoid pulling the burned skin
- Use water-based ointments
Principles of Joint Protection/Fatigue Management
- maintain muscle strength and joint ROM
- Use each joint in its most stable anatomical/functional plane
- avoid positions of deformity
- Use the strongest joint-avoid staying in one position for long periods
Therapeutic Use of Self Definition
The use of one’s self in a therapeutic manner to enter into a relationship that has a therapeutic outcome.-OTs who are aware of their own personality, leadership, and communication styles are better able to establish rapport w/clients in a helping relationship.
Sternal Precautions are:
- Do not lift more than 8 pounds. (A gallon of milk weighs 8 pounds.)
- Do not push or pull with your arms when moving in bed and getting out of bed.
- Do not flex or extend your shoulders over 90°.
- Avoid reaching too far across your body.
- Avoid twisting
Cardiac Rehab Phase 1 of OT Treatment
- monitor electrocardiogram, blood pressure, pulse
- Activity according to Metabolic equivalent (MET) levels
Cardiac Rehab Phase 2 of OT Treatment
- Exercise and activity tolerance with progression of MET levels
- weight training at 2-4 weeks
- work hardening
Cardiac Rehab Phase 3 of OT Treatment
-stress test
Altruism
Ability to place the needs of others before their own.
Equality
The desire to promote fairness in interactions w/others
Freedom
The desires of the client must guide OT interventions
Justice
In a fair and impartial manner to individuals w/whom they interact and respect and adhere to the laws/standards of practice
Dignity
Treating clients respectfully as a person and allowing the client to engage in meaningful occupations regardless of disability
Truth
Accurate information
Prudence
Use of clinical and ethical reasoning skills, sound judgement and reflection to make decisions
Beneficence
OT personnel shall demonstrate a concern for well-being and safety of pts-Maintain current knowledge by attending EB sessions
-Use current/updated assessment tools to get accurate data
Nonmaleficence
OT personnel shall refrain from actions that cause harm.-Locking wheelchair breaks
-Not practicing under influence of drugs/alcohol
Autonomy/Confidentiality
OT personnel shall respect the right of the individual to self-determination
- Refuse OT services
- Safeguarding privacy/confidentiality of pts w/HIPPA
Social Justice
OT personnel shall provide services in a fair/equitable manner
- Assisting at a health fair
- Treating clients fairly
Procedural Justice
OT personnel shall comply w/institutional rules, local, state, federal and international laws-Learning about laws and regulations that impact OT services.
-Following reimbursement guidelines for different payer sources
Veracity
OT personnel shall provide comprehensive, accurate, and objective information when representing the profession.
- Documentation is accurate/truthful
- Avoiding plagiarism
Fidelity
OT personnel shall treat colleagues and other professionals with respect, fairness and integrity.
-Treating everyone w/respect and not divulging personal info to others
Anticontracture Positioning: Neck
Netural to slight extension
Anticontracture Positioning: Elbow
Extension
Anticontracture Positioning: Axilla (armpit)
Shoulder abduction to 90 degree, external rotation
Anticontracture Positioning: Forearm
Neutral to supination
Anticontracture Positioning
Is critical because the position of greatest comfort is usually the position of contracture
Anticontracture Positioning: Dorsal Wrist
Wrist in neutral to 30 degree extension
Anticontracture Positioning: Volar Wrist
Wrist in 30-45 degrees extension
What are activity demands?
The features of an activity that influence the type and amount of effort required to perform the activity.-objects-physical space-social demands-sequence and timing-actions/skills needed-required body functions/structures used
Performance Skills
Observable, concrete, goal-directed actions.-Small, measurable units of actions that are observed:
- motor/praxis skills
- sensory/perceptual skills
- emotion regulation skills
- cognitive skills
- communication and social skills
Pelvic Obliquity
One side of the pelvis is lower than the other side, which and lead to pressure ulcers
Kyphosis
The pelvis rotates posteriorly, resulting in sacral sitting and flexion of the lumbar spine
-clients tend to slide forward on the seat.
Scoliosis
The pelvis rotates to one side - resulting in the spine/trunk moving to the opposite side.
Lordosis
The pelvis rotates anteriorly, increasing the curvature of the lumbar spine - clients use UE for support
Windswept deformity
The pelvis rotates laterally, with the thighs moving to the other side
The goal for the thighs in a wheel are?
to be parallel to the floor .
Armrest height should be?
1 inch higher from the seating surface to the bottom of the clients flexed elbow
Short Term Goals
Steps to reach long-term goals.
Long-term goals
Goals the client is expected to achieve on discharge
Medicare Part A
“Hospital Insurance”
- Stays in hospitals
- Short-term stays at SNF
- Hospice
- Some Home HealthSNF Coverage
- 100 days at a SNF
Medicare Part B
Supplementary medical insurance Covers:
- Outpatient care
- Physician visits
- OT
- Some Home Health
- Supplies/equipment
- Pts pay a premium each month
-Covers 80% of the cost (Pt needs other insurance to pay for the other 20%)!!!
Medicare Plan C
Offered by a private company that contracts w/Medicare
Medicare Plan D
Prescription drug
HMO
Prepaid organized delivery system where the organization and the primary care physicians assume some financial risk for the care provided to the members
PPO
People can go directly to a specialist w/o going through the primary care physician.
POS
Allows people to refer themselves to physicians who do not belong to the network.
