Mental Health-Peds

Question 1

Psychoeducation - Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Strategies

Answer 1

Educate the child/family about the disorder

Question 2

Affective education - Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Strategies

Answer 2

teach skills to identify and recognize emotions and influences on emotions

Question 3

Cognitive restructuring - Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Strategies

Answer 3

teach skills to recognize faulty or anxious thinking

Question 4

Relaxation training - Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Strategies

Answer 4

teach progressive muscle relaxation techniques, deep breathing and guided imagery

Question 5

Exposure to fears and contingency management

Answer 5

provide exposure involving gradual intro of feared events and rewards for brave behaviors

Question 6

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Answer 6

Abnormalities in cerebellum, defects in brain

Impact on function

• communication, social skills, performance in activities
• difficulties in ADL, IADL, play, study/work
• Failure to develop speech/use speech functionally
• Social interactions
• Selective attention, routinized/unproductive behaviors

Treatment
-behavior modifications

OT

• Treatment in small steps
• Behavioral/sensory integration
• Interventions: self-cares, communication, emphasizing motivation/attention to tasks, visual outlines.
• Inclusion in class improves behavioral symptoms
• augmentative communication device

Question 7

Asperger Syndrome

Answer 7

Impairment in social interaction w/at least two of the following:

• impairment in facial expression, body postures/gestures
• failure to develop peer relationships
• lack of social/emotional reciprocity

Restricted repetitive patterns of behavior/interests/activities

• adherence to specific routines/rituals
• repetitive motor mannerisms
• preoccupation w/parts of objects
• No general delay in language
• No delay in cognitive development
• hypersensitivity to stimulation
• difficulty standing in line, inability to tolerate crowds
• hypersensitivity to noise
• anxious, poorly coordinated, eccentric
• problems with hearing, vision, movement, touch
• Sensory integration treatment: lessen anxiety, improve motor coordination, social participation
• inability to pick up on social context cues

Interventions

• social skills training
• reducing distractions in the environment
• planned breaks for moving around

Question 8

Anhedonia

Answer 8

inability to feel pleasure

Question 9

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

Answer 9

pattern of negative, hostile, defiant behavior.

Treatment

• expectations/consequences
• same behavior program at home/school
• positive reinforcement (stickers/tokens)
• Clear/simple instructions or requests
• Time-ins
• Time-outs
• positive behaviors in brief/intensive practice sessions
• videotape modeling/role-plays
• child initiates/directs activities

*May not be able to articulate an accurate picture of their behavior