Terms Flashcards
Psychiatry Terms
Insight
The ability to recognize one’s own mental illness.
Complete lack of insight is anosognosia,
Psychiatry Terms
Psychosis
a severe mental disorder in which thought and emotions are so impaired that contact is lost with external reality.
Psychiatry Terms
Mood
A pervasive and sustained emotion that colours the person’s perception. Common examples of mood include depression, elation, anger, and anxiety.
Psychiatry Terms
Congruent
Mood and affect in sync with each other
Psychiatry Terms
Psychomotor retardation
Slowing down of thought and a reduction of physical movements.
- Associated with major depression and in the depressed phase of bipolar disorder.
- Also with adverse reactions of benzodiazepines, cannabis and antipsychotics
Psychiatry Terms
Affect
The observable behavior that represents the expression of a subjectively experienced emotion.
Range varies between different cultures and even within the same culture.
Common examples
- sadness, fear, joy, and anger.
Types
- euthymic, irritable, constricted; blunted; flat; inappropriate, and labile.
Psychiatry Terms
Clanging
Mode of speech characterized by association of words based upon sound rather than concepts that is situationally inappropriate. For example rhyming or alliteration.
- Associated with schizophrenia
Psychiatry Terms
Grandiose
Unrealistic sense of superiority that causes them to view others with disdain or inferior to themselves.
- Commonly features in manic episodes of bipolar disorder
Psychiatry Terms
Delusion
Fixed false belief that is not consistent with the culture that they are in.
Psychiatry Terms
Thought withdrawal
The delusional belief that thoughts have been ‘taken out’ of the patient’s mind, and the patient has no power over this. Often accompanies thought blocking.
- Positive symptom of schizophrenia
Psychiatry Terms
Thought blocking
‘An unanticipated, quick and total emptying of the mind.’
Speech is suddenly interrupted by silence.
When the speech continues, they will often speak about a subject completely unrelated.
- Associated with schizophrenia
Psychiatry Terms
Ideas of reference
the idea that things completely disconnected from them are influencing them or conveying messages to them
Psychiatry Terms
Delusions of reference
Like ideas of reference but to a greater conviction.
Psychiatry Terms
Thought broadcasting
The delusional belief that others can hear or are aware of an individual’s thoughts.
Psychiatry Terms
Delirium Tremens
Acute withdrawal of alcohol causing hallucinations, disorientation, tachycardia, hypertension, fever, agitation, diaphoresis in the setting of alcohol cessation or reduction, this affects 5% of those in alcohol withdrawal.
Psychiatry Terms
Wernicke’s Encephalopathy
Characterised by ataxia, nystagmus, ophthalmoplegia, and acute confusion caused by mamillary body damage secondary to thiamine deficiency
Psychiatry Terms
Othello Syndrome
Aka Morbid Jealousy.
A strong delusional belief that their spouse or sexual partner is being unfaithful without having any significant proof to their claim.
Psychiatry Terms
Anxiety vs Fear
Anxiety
- a response to a threat that is unknown, internal, vague or conflictual.
Fear
- a response to a threat that is known, external, definite
Psychiatry Terms
Serotonin Syndrome
Too little is thought to play a role in depression. Too much can lead to excessive nerve cell activity, causing a potentially deadly collection of symptoms known as serotonin syndrome.
Having a TCAs, SSRIs or pethidine overdose is not SMARTS
S - Sweating M - Myoclonus A - ANS instability R - Rigidity T - Temperature increase S - Seizures
Psychiatry Terms
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
A life-threatening neurological side effect caused by neuroleptic or antipsychotic drugs. F - Fever E - Elevated enzymes V - Vitals instability E - Encephalopathy R - Rigidity of muscles
Psychiatry Terms
Agoraphobia
Fear of being in open spaces
Psychiatry Terms
Cyclothymic
Mild version of bipolar
Psychiatry Terms
Neologisms
The creation of new words
Psychiatry Terms
Asociality
Not sociable
Psychiatry Terms
Alogia
Inability to speak because of mental deficiency, mental confusion, or aphasia
Psychiatry Terms
Avolition
Lack of drive, or motivation to pursue meaningful goals
Psychiatry Terms
Extrapyramidal Signs
Acute dystonia
Parkinsonism
Akathisia
Tardive dyskinesia
Psychiatry Terms
Acute dystonia
- Spasms of tongue
- Visual spasms
- Grimacing
- Gyratory and rotary movements of the upper extremities
Psychiatry Terms
Parkinsonism
- Tremor
- Rigidity
- Slowed movements
Psychiatry Terms
Akathisia
- Restlessness, urge to move continuously
Psychiatry Terms
Tardive dyskinesia
- Involuntary chewing, smacking of lips, swallowing and rolling movements of the tongue
- Gyratory and flailing movements of the extremities
Psychiatry Terms
BPSD
Behavioural and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia
Psychiatry Terms
PGNH
Psychogeriatric Nursing Home
Psychiatry Terms
Alexithymia
A - without
Lexi - speech
Thymia - feelings
Inability to describe emotions in a verbal manner.
Psychiatry Terms
Nihilism
The rejection of all religious and moral principles, often in the belief that life is meaningless
Psychiatry Terms
Kleptomania
Compulsive stealing of objects unnecessary for personal use or monetary value.
Psychiatry Terms
Adenopathy
A glandular disease or enlargement of glandular tissue (especially of the lymph glands)
Psychiatry Terms
Injection (2 meanings)
- A state of visible hyperaemia due to dilatation and engorgement of the small blood vessels.
- The act of introducing a drug into the body.
Psychiatry Terms
Cataplexy
A sudden loss of muscle tone and strength, usually caused by an intense emotional stimulus.
Psychiatry Terms
Hypnopompic
Relating to the partially conscious state that precedes complete awakening from sleep.
Psychiatry Terms
Hypnagogic
Relating to the partially conscious state that precedes falling asleep.
Psychiatry Terms
Stupor
No psychomotor activity
Not actively relating to the environment
Psychiatry Terms
Catalepsy
Passive induction of a posture held against gravity
Psychiatry Terms
Waxy flexibility
Slight, even resistance to positioning by examiner
Psychiatry Terms
Mutism
No, or very little, verbal response
Not applicable if there is an established aphasia
Psychiatry Terms
Negativism
Opposition or no response to instructions or external stimuli
Psychiatry Terms
Posturing
Spontaneous and active maintenance of a posture against gravity
Psychiatry Terms
Mannerism
Odd, circumstantial caricature of normal actions
Psychiatry Terms
Stereotypy
Repetitive, abnormally frequent, non-goal-directed movements
Psychiatry Terms
Echolalia
Mimicking another’s speech
Psychiatry Terms
Echopraxia
Mimicking another’s movements
